Using Isopropyl amine (0.003 mol/L), p-methyl-phenol (0.03 mol/L) and methanol (1 mol/L) for simulating amino groups, phenol groups and hydroxyl groups in silk fibroin respectively, the reaction rate of different nucleophilic groups in silk with monochlorotriazine reactive dye was studied at various temperature and pH by high performance liquid chromatography. It was found that the overall reaction rate of dyes′ phenolysis was by far higher than that of ammonolysis and alcoholysis on the conditions of 70-95 ℃ and pH=8-10. The phenolysis overall reaction rates of C.I. reactive red 24 and C.I. reactive orange 2 were 8.5 and 12.5 times of their ammonolysis′, and 23 and 50 times of their alcoholysis′ in the term of pH 9 and 95 ℃. The phenolysis efficiencies of those two dyes were 47.4 and 96.3, the ammonolysis efficiencies were 4.6 and 6.9, and the isopropyl amine, p-methyl-phenol and methanol to simulate the silk fibroin, the reaction selectivity between the monochlorotriazine reactive dyes and nucleophilic groups in silk fibroin was investigated. It was deduced that monochlorotriazine reactive dyes are suitable for dyeing silk on the conditions of about 85 ℃ and pH=8-9, and under this condition, phenol groups are the major groups in silk dyeing with monochlorotriazine reactive dyes, amino groups are the minor groups, and the contributions of hydroxyl groups can be neglected.

Objective To investigate the influence of aerobic exercise on the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques and to observe the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-9 ( MMP-9 ) and matrix metalloproteinase-14(MMP-14) in carotid atherosclerotic plaques in apolipoprotein E (APoE) gene deficient mice.Methods Eighty male, APoE gene deficient mice were divided into two equal groups: an aerobic exercise group and a limited action control group. Carotid atherosclerotic lesions were induced by perivascular constrictive collars placed on the right common carotid artery. Blood lipid levels in the exercise group were measured after 8 weeks of treadmill running and also in the control group. The morphological characteristics of carotid atherosclerotic plaques were observed in the two groups. Plaque area and fibrous cap thickness were measured. Lipid and collagen positive areas were quantified and the ratios correlated with the entimal areas were calculated. Plaque rupture rate and vulnerable index were calculated.Immunostaining was used to detect MMP-9 and MMP-14 expression in the atherosclerotic plaques. The mRNA levels of MMP-9 and MMP-14 mRNA in the fresh carotid plaques were quantified using a real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Western blotting was performed for examining MMP-9 and MMP-14 protein expression in the fresh carotid plaques.Results No significant difference in serum lipid profiles or plaque area was found between the exercise and control groups. Compared with the control group, mean fibrous cap thickness, cap/core ratio and collagen content were all significantly higher in the exercise group, and lipid content was significantly lower. Plaque rupture rate and the vulnerable index were both significantly lower in the exercise group. Immunostaining showed that MMP-9 and MMP-14 expression were lower in the exercise group compared with the control group.The mRNA expression of MMP-9 and MMP-14 was also significantly lower.Conclusions Aerobic exercise can decrease the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-14 in carotid atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE gene deficient mice. Aerobic exercise may play a role in forestalling atherosclerosis by increasing the stability of plaque and decreasing plaque vulnerability.

Objective To evaluate and compare the clinical outcome of coracoclavicular screw and double Endobutton plate in treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation ( Rockwood Ⅲ-Ⅴ ). Methods Twenty-eight patients with Rockwood Ⅲ-Ⅴ acromioclavicular dislocation were subjected to surgical reconstruction from January 2008 to October 2009. The coracoclavicular screw was performed in 14 patients and the double Endobutton plate in the other 14 patients. Clinical evaluation was performed by using Constant score and subject should value (SSV) in both groups, and the preoperative and postoperative radiographs, curative effects and complications were compared. Results The patients in two groups were followed up for a range of 6-25 months (average 12.6 months) , which showed higher postoperative Constant score and SSV score than preoperation in both groups (P＜0.05). But the postoperative Constant sore and postoperative SSV score in the double Endobutton group were (89.8 ±8.3) points and (85.7 ±7. 3) points respectively, significantly better than (78. 0 ± 10. 3) points and (71. 8 ±9. 7) points respectively in the coracoclavicular screw group ( P ＜ 0.05). The radiologic measurement showed no significant difference in regard of the coracoclavicular distance three months after operation in two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusions The double Endobutton plate can attain significantly superior clinical outcomes for Rockwood Ⅲ-Ⅴ acromioclavicular dislocation compared with the coracoclavicular screw. The surgical technique of reconstructing the coracoclavicular ligament through anatomical approach will be the future trend in treatment of the acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Objective To evaluate the development of extravascular leakage of 6％ hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 when used for acute hemodilution in the pediatric patients undergoing open heart surgery.Methods Forty-eight American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ pediatric patients,aged 2-12 yr,weighing 12-53 kg,scheduled for elective surgical repair of ventricular or atrial septal defect,were divided into 2 groups (n =24 each) according to age:preschool group (2 yr ≤ age ≤ 6 yr) and school-age group (6 yr＜age ≤ 12yr).After anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation,a volume of 6％ HES 130/0.4 equivalent to 10％ of the blood volume was infused via the central veins at 0.5 ml · kg-1 · min-1 in two groups.Immediately before infusion of HES (T0) and at 15 and 30 min after the end of infusion (T1,2),blood samples were collected fron the central vein for determination of plasma colloid osmotic pressure (COP) and hemnoglobin (Hb) concentrations.The concentrations of 6％ HES 130/ 0.4 in plasma at T1 and T2 and in urine at T2 were measured by the anthranone colorimetric method.Results Compared with the baseline value at T0,the concentrations of Hh in plasma were significantly decreased at T1,2 in preschool group,and the concentrations of Hb in plasma were significantly decreased and plasma COP was increased at T1,2 in school-age group (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in plasma Hb concentrations or COP at each time point between two groups (P＞0.05).The plasma 6％ HES 130/0.4 concentrations were significantly lower at T2 than at T1 in two groups (P＞0.05).Compared with school-age group,the plasma 6％ HES 130/0.4 concentrations were significantly decreased at T1,2 in preschool group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in 6％ HES 130/0.4 concentrations in urine between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion When 6％ HES 130/0.4 is used for acute hemodilution,extravascular leakage happens after acute hemodilution and is more obvious in the preschool pediatric patients undergoing open heart surgery.

Objective To investigate the clinical curative effect of the surgical method of transferring the radialis proper digital nerve of damaged index finger and its dorsal branch to repair the thumb nerve evulsion.Methods 13 patients with thumb nerve evulsion were treated.There were 8 males and 5 females with an average age of 28 years (ranged 18-52 years old).The injuries were caused by machine twist (8 cases),gear(4 cases),electric saw (1 case).And thumb rotational avulsion amputation (10 cases),thumb incompleteness amputation(3 cases).The time from injury to admission was 1-3.5 h (mean 2.2 h).The average time from injury to admission was (1.1 ± 1.5) h.The amputate level of skin was at the juxtra-articular of metacarpophalangeal joint.The amputate level of bone was at the base of proximal phalanx (6 patients) and metacarpophalangeal joint (4 patients),interphalangeal joint(3 patients).Using transferring the radialis proper digital nerve of index finger without reimplantation and its dorsal branch to.repair the both side injuries of thumb nerve evulsion.According to routine method to repair digital bone,veins,arteries and tendons.Results All 13 chases were followed up for 6 months to 2 years and 7 months postoperatively,with an average of 22 months.The wounds and incisions at donor sites were healed by first intention.All 13 cases of thumb reimplantation were successful.Two-point discrimination of ulnaris finger pulp was 2 to 6mm,average 4.2mm,and the radialis was 5 to 9mm,average 7.8mm.Sensory function was rated as S4(the ulnaris in 12 cases and the radialis in 2 cases) and S3 + (the radialis in 11 cases and the ulnaris in 1 cases).Conclusion Transferring the radialis proper digital nerve of damaged index finger and its dorsal branch to the digital nerve on the neighboring thumb is a simple and effective method to restore sensory function of the pulp.

Objective:To study the protective effect of Ophiopogonin D on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse macrophage RAW264.7 and its related mechanism.Methods:Mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells were cultured and divided into normal control group, model group and Ophiopogonin D pretreatment group according to random number table method. The activity of Ophiopogonin D on RAW264.7 cells was detected by CCK-8 method; the protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, reactive oxygen species (ROS), MDA and SOD were detected by ELISA; the protein expression of NF-κB, TLR4, NF-E2-related factor2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were detected by Western Blot.Results:Compared with model group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, ROS and MDA in cell supernatant of Ophiopogonin D group were decreased ( P<0.05), and the level of SOD was increased ( P<0.05). The protein expressions of NF-κB (0.76±0.10 vs. 2.26±0.17) and TLR4 (0.98±0.09 vs. 1.74±0.19) significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The protein expressions of Nrf2 (0.85±0.03 vs. 0.54±0.03) and HO-1 (0.97±0.11 vs. 0.37±0.04) significantly increased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Ophiopogonin D may reduce inflammatory response by reducing TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and activate Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to reduce oxidative damage and play a protective role.

Cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A(CYP3A),a major member of cytochrome P450(CYP)family,is one of the most important drug metabolizing enzymes in human.CYP3A includes 4 gene subtypes(CYP3A4,CYP3A5,CYP3A7,and CYP3A43),which is involved in 60%of drug metabolism in the human.It is not only widely distributed in normal tissues,but also significantly overexpressed in various tumor tissues.Recently,CYP3A has attracted great attention due to its involvement in the progression from chronic atrophic gastritis to gastric cancer,as well as the differential metabolism and resistance of chemotherapeutic drugs.Targeting CYP3A gene mediated-prodrug provides new ideas for the treatment of gastric cancer and is expected to become a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.

Objective:To explore the incidence of vascular leakage after acute hemodilution in patients with traumatic orthopedics by using 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (HES).Methods:Using prospective cohort study method, 48 orthopedic trauma patients in in Yantaishan Hospital from June 2018 to December 2018 were selected as the subjects of observation.The American Society of anesthesiologists (ASA) grade was divided into grade I-III.According to the degree of trauma, they were divided into two groups: general orthopedic patients group (24 cases) and severe trauma orthopedic patients group (24 cases). According to the formula of blood volume, the blood volume of the patients in the two groups was calculated.After intubation, 10% of the blood volume of HES was infused intravenously at the rate of 0.5 ml/(kg·min) for acute hemodilution.Plasma colloidal osmolality and hemoglobin were measured immediately before acute hemodilution (T0), 15 minutes (T1) and 30 minutes (T2) after acute hemodilution.The concentrations of HES in T1 and T2 plasma were measured.The urine volume from the beginning of infusion to 30 minutes after the end of infusion was saved.The urine volume and hes concentration were measured to calculate the urine hes content.Results:The amount of HES input was the same in the general orthopedic patients group and the severe trauma orthopedic patients group, which were (7.71±0.3) ml/kg and (7.70±0.2) ml/kg, and the expansion ratio was about 100%.Compared with T0, plasma colloid osmotic pressure at T1 and T2 were (27.9±1.5) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)) and (27.7±1.5) mmHg in the general traumatic orthopedics patients, which was higher than T0((26.5±1.5) mmHg, P<0.05). There was no significant difference of COP at T1 and T2 ((27.0±1.6) mmHg and(26.9±1.5) mmHg) compared with T0((26.3±1.7) mmHg, P>0.05) in the severe trauma orthopedic patients). The concentration of plasma HES in the severe trauma orthopedic patients ((6.8±0.6) g/L and (5.8±0.5) g/L) was lower than in the general traumatic orthopedics patients ((7.7±0.5) g/L and (7.1±0.5) g/L, t=5.660 and 6.755, all P<0.05) at T1 and T2.There was no significant difference of the urine HES content ((29.0±3.5 ) mg vs.(28.4±3.3) mg, t=0.61, P>0.05 )between the two groups after infusion. Conclusion:The ratio of acute hemodilution and volume expansion of HES was the same in the two groups.The changes of plasma colloid osmotic pressure and HES concentration were lower in patients with severe trauma orthopedics, and there was more obvious extravascular leakage in patients with severe trauma orthopedics.

Objective:To explore the moderating and mediating effects of psychological capital in the associations of job monotony and depressive symptoms.Methods:A convenient sampling method was used to sample 1 473 workers from a natural gas field in southwest China in October 2018.The sociodemographic characteristics, job monotony scale, PsyCap questionnaire and center of epidemiological survey, depression scale(CES-D) were conducted.Data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 and Process v3.2 softwares.The statistical methods included t-test, one-way ANOVA, χ2 test, partial correlation analysis, multivariate regression analysis or Bootstrap method. Results:A total of 323 workers with depressive symptoms were detected, with a detection rate of 21.9%(323/1 473). The correlation analysis results showed that job monotony (13.67±1.38) was negatively correlated with self-efficacy (25.81±4.56), hope(25.91±4.55), resilience (26.80±3.80) and optimism (24.56±3.17) ( r=-0.26, -0.38, -0.36, -0.42 respectively, all P<0.01), and positively correlated with depressive symptoms ( r=0.50, P<0.01). Self-efficacy ( r=-0.38, P<0.05), hope ( r=-0.44, P<0.05), resilience ( r=-0.43, P<0.01) and optimism ( r=-0.47, P<0.01) were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms.The multivariate regression analysis results showed that self-efficacy and optimism had moderating effects on the associations of job monotony and depressive symptoms (both P<0.05), while hope and resilience had no moderating effects on the associations of job monotony and depressive symptoms (both P>0.05). The mediating effect test results showed that self-efficacy, hope, resilience and optimism played partial mediating roles in the associations of job monotony and depressive symptoms (all P<0.01), and the mediating effects were 0.139, 0.304, 0.232 and 0.339 respectively, and the proportion of mediating effect value to total effect was 12.2%, 23.3%, 18.8% and 25.3% respectively. Conclusion:Self-efficacy and optimism have moderating and mediating effects on the associations of job monotony and depressive symptoms, while hope and resilience have only mediating effects on the relationship between job monotony and depressive symptoms.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the application of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) in prevention of peri-operative pulmonary embolism (PE) in lower limb bone fracture patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT).

METHODSFrom January 2003 to December 2012, 2 248 cases of lower limb and pelvic fractures with DVT were retrospectively analyzed. Before the procedure of IVCF implantation began, January 2003 to December 2007, there were 1 052 cases of acute trauma patients with DVT were classified as the group of early none-IVCF. The IVCF implantation was began since January 2008. From that time to December 2012, 712 cases of bone fractures with DVT received filter implantation, which were classified as IVCF group. The other 484 patients who had not undergone filter deployment were divided as group of late none-IVCF. The baseline conditions of the three groups were significantly different in addition to the ages between group of early none-IVCF and IVCF group. The incidences of PE and mortality of PE in each group were recorded and analyzed by χ(2) test.

RESULTSThere were totally 31 cases of symptomatic PE, among which 12 cases died. Totally 712 filters were deployed successfully without any major complications. The incidences of symptomatic PE were 0.14% (1/712), 2.19% (23/1 052) and 1.45% (7/484) in IVCF group, group of early none-IVCF and group of late none-IVCF, respectively. The mortality of PE were 0 (0/712), 0.86% (9/1 052) and 0.62% (3/484) in these groups. The incidence of symptomatic PE in IVCF group was significantly different from that in the group of early and late none-IVCF (χ(2) = 11.762, P = 0.001; χ(2) = 7.395, P = 0.007, respectively). The mortality of IVCF group was also significantly lower compared with the other two groups (χ(2) = 6.122, P = 0.013; χ(2) = 4.424, P = 0.035, respectively).

CONCLUSIONIVCF implantation effectively prevents symptomatic and fatal PE of patients of lower limb and pelvic fractures with DVT in the peri-operative period.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Leg Injuries ; complications ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Embolism ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies ; Vena Cava Filters ; Venous Thrombosis ; complications