The surveillance of schistosomiasis in three sites of Mianzhu City after earthquake showed that there were no infected Oncomelania snails and cases,but the emerging area with snails were 7 895 m~2.Therefore,the control measures should be strengthened.

Objective To probe into the curative effect and functional mechanism of acupuncture treatment on obesity complicated with hyperlipidemia.Methods The 60 cases of simple obesity complicated with hyperlipidemia were randomized into treatment group and control group with 30 in each.The treatment group was treated with acupuncture only while the control group with routine medicinal therapy.Before and after treatment,the blood-fat index and symptoms and signs of patients were observed.The comparison of two groups after 3 courses of treatment was made to study the functions of acupuncture for obesity.Results In the treatment group,there showed regulated blood-fat levels and the decrease of triglyceride(TG) was significant.In the control group,there also showed regulated blood-fat levels to different degrees,and the difference in levels of total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein(LDL),and apolipoprotein-B(ApoB) before and after treatment was significant.The TCM symptom scores of two groups were statistically different.Conclusion Acupuncture is effective for the simple obesity complicated with hyperlipidemia.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of retinal degeneration (RD) with retinal holes and the therapeutic effect of argon laser therapy. Methods The data of argon laser therapy in 210 RD patients (224 eyes) with retinal holes who underwent the treatment in our department were retrospectively analyzed, which was compared with the data of argon laser therapy in 173 RD patients (198 eyes) without retinal holes. Results In RD patients with retinal holes, 89.7% of the patients were less than 60 years old (53.3% males and 46.7% females). Grid-like degeneration was found in 65.6% of the patients in whom 87.5% had the range of degeneration less than 1 quardrant. There were oval-shaped holes in 60.7% of the patients and accompanied with limited rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (LRRD) in 23.7%. Compared with RD patients without retinal holes, the ratio of patients with the age of≥35 years, cystic degeneration, retinal lengthways small plica, and subjective symptoms was higher in RD patients with retinal holes; while the therapeutic effect of argon laser therapy on patients with LRRD was obviously less than whom without retinal holes (P

Objective To know the situation of the hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection in blood donors of Maoming City,and pro-vide the basic data for recruiting volunteer blood donors and preventing of HCV infection.Methods Blood samples were collected in Maoming blood center,and were detected by using HCV antibodies of different manufacturers and operated by different people.Du-plicate test was used to reexamine the specimens which were reactive in the initial test.Statistical analysis was performed.Results HCV prevalence of blood donors from Maoming was 0.74%.The prevalence of female was slightly higher than the male,but the difference was not statistically significant(P >0.05).The HCV prevalence of civil servant and medical personnel was relatively low-er.HCV prevalence of repeat blood donors was obviously lower than blood donors for the first time(P <0.05).Conclusion HCV prevalence of blood donors in Maoming City was in a relative low level.The risk of HCV infection in people who is younger than 35 years old and at the same time qualified to donate blood is quite low.Establish a stable volunteer blood donor group is beneficial to blood safety.It's necessary to strength the propaganda and prevention of HCV knowledge to population besides civil servant and medical personnel,which would be helpful for the control of HCV infection.

Objective To compare the efficiency of bacteria culture and PCR assays for detection of Staphylococcus aureus ( S.aureus) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P.aeruginosa) and Klebsiella pneumoniae ( K.pneumoniae) in laboratory rats and mice.Methods Bacteria culture combined with biochemical identification and PCR assay were used to detect 78 SPF rats and 422 SPF mice and the results of the two methods were compared .Results All the 78 rats were negative .Of the 422 mice, the positive rate by culture was 7.11%(30/422), of which, 10 were S.aureus, 22 were P.aeruginosa, and 2 were K.pneumoniae.The positive rate by PCR was 7.58%(32/422), of which, 10 were S.aureus, 25 were P. aeruginosa, and 2 were K.pneumoniae.Conclusions The high sensitivity , rapid procedure and easy to operate of PCR assay makes it valuable for rapid bacteria diagnosis and large-scale screening in laboratory animals .

Objective To determine the interference effect of H. hepaticus infection on the functional characteris-tics of dendritic cell ( DC) surface molecules and immune response in mice. Methods Male BALB/c mice were inocula-ted with H. hepaticus (ATCC 51450). Murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) were isolated and co-cultured which were stimulated by GM-CSF and IL-4 at the fifth month after the last inoculation. Then the DCs were subjected to FACS analysis for surface markers (CD11c, CD40, CD80 and MHCII) detection. On this basis, virus suspension of New-castle disease virus( NDV) ZJ1 strain was inoculated into the mice. Serum was collected for detection of the NDV antibody titer in serum weekly to explore the difference of antibody titer between the two groups. Results The expression rates of CD40 and MHCII on the mouse DCs in experimental group were higher than that in the control group. The NDV antibody ti-ter of experimental group was slightly lower than that in the control group in the first week. During the 2nd to 5th weeks, the titer was higher than that in the control group, with a very significant difference. In the 6th week, the titer of both the two groups tended to fall. Conclusions H. hepaticus infection can promote bone marrow DC maturation in mice, stimulate the expression rates of MHC II and CD40, and enhance the NDV antibody levels.

Objective To explore the factors affecting results of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)preliminary screening by using dry chemical method in blood donors,so as to establish standards of ALT preliminary screening and reduce waste of blood. Methods A total of 21 065 blood specimen of blood donors in Blood Center of Maoming City were collected from January to June 2013.The influences of specimen hemolysis,lipidemia,different sample amount and waiting time after adding sample on the detec-tion results of ALT by using dry chemical method were comparatively analysed,and standardized procedures and established appro-priate limits of ALT preliminary screening according to the results.Results The specimen hemolysis affected test results of ALT, which was not obvious when the hemolysis rate was less than or equal to 0.5%.There was no obvious interference of lipidemia on ALT test.When the sample amount was (32±3)μL or the waiting time after adding sample was 10 to 40 seconds,the detection re-sults of ALT were acceptable.The standard limit of ALT was less than or equal to 40 U/L of female and less than or equal to 45 U/L of male.Conclusion Hemolysis,sample amount and waiting time after adding sample can influence the results of ALT detec-ted by using dry chemical method,while lipidemia had no interference on ALT test.Standardizing operation and reasonably setting normal limits standard may ensure the accuracy and stability of determination,save blood resources,further ensure blood safety, which should be worthy of wide application.

Objective To obtain the full-length cDNA sequences of CYP2E1,CYP2D5,ECHS1,which may be related with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,from Microtus fortis.Methods To construct Microtus fortis liver cDNA plasmid library using SMART technique,to get the purposed colonies through screening libraries by PCR,and to obtain their full-length cDNA sequences by sequencing with pBluescript II SK universal primers M13R.Results Three full-length cDNA sequences of Microtus fortis,CYP2E1,CYP2D5 and ECHS1 were obtained.The CYP2E1 cDNA was 1685 bp in length and contained a 1482 bp open reading frame(ORF) encoding a 494 amino acids.The CYP2D5 cDNA was 1690 bp in length,and contained a 1514 bp ORF encoding 504 amino acids.The ECHS1 cDNA was 1013 bp in length,and containsed an 873 bp ORF encoding 290 amino acids.Sequence analysis revealed that the identity of the three cDNA sequences and deduced amino acids among Microtus fortis,Homo sapiens,Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus was high.Conclusion The full-length cDNA sequences of CYP2E1,CYP2D5,ECHS1 were obtained from Microtus forti,liver cDNA library.and the gene sequences have been deposited in GenBank (GQ507485,GQ507486,GQ845171),which may lay the foundation for researchies of pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Microtus fortis models.

Objective To evaluate the long-term prognosis of patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis after treatment with nucleos (t) ide analogues. Methods Totally 94 patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis were enrolled, 53 in nucleos(t) ide group, 41 in control group, and both received routine treatments. Patients in nucleos (t)ide analogue group also received lamivudine ( 100 mg/d), or adefovir ( 10 mg/d), or entecavir (0.5 rag/d). The follow-up was terminated for those who developed hepatocellular carcinoma, received liver transplantation, died or refused the treatment. Serum biochemical markers, Child-Pugh grades and clinical outcomes were compared between two groups at the end of following up. Results After nucleos (t) ide analogues therapy, ALT, AST, globulin ( Glb), and TBil decreased, while Alb and cholinesterase (CHE) increased in the nucleos(t)ide group, and Chiid-Pugh scores decreased in 43 (81.1%) patients. While in the control group, ALT, AST, Glb and TBil did not show significant changes, but the CHE was significantly lower than before ( t = 5. 225, P < 0. 01 ). More patients in nucleos (t)ide group showed improvements in Child-Pugh grades, and there was significant difference between the two groups (X2 = 52.16, P <0.01). The incidence of HCC is lower in nucleos(t) ide group (0%) than that in the control group ( 19.5% ) ( X2 = 23.07, P < 0.01 ). The incidence of death and liver transplantation between two groups did not show siguificant difference. Conclusions Nucleos(t) ide analogues therapy can significantly improve biochemical status of liver functions in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma may decline and the long-term prognosis can be improved.

Objective To establish a scoring system for evaluating the severity of hepatitis B patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure and to compare the validity of this system with model for end-stage liver disease (MELD). Methods MELD score was used in hepatitis B patients with acuteon-chronic liver failure who were divided into survival group (203 cases) and death group (196 cases).Seven clinical relative indices, including prothrombin activity, serum creatinine, hepatic encephalopathy, accompanying infections, serum total bilirubin, the dimension of liver, the amount of ascites, were selected for evaluating the severity. Each index was graded with 1 to 4 points based on the severity. Then the total score was counted by adding up scores of each index. T test and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used to evaluate the difference and similarity of the two systems. Results According to the new scoring system, the total score was 8. 07±3. 14 in the survival group and 16. 91 ±3. 54 in the death group. There was a statistically significant difference between these two groups (t = 26.125. P<0.01). In 81.32% of survival patients, their scores ranged from 3.91 to 12.23, while in 81.32% of dead patients, their scores ranged from 12.23 to 21.60. The two ranges overlapped at 12.23. According to the MELD system, the total score was 26. 43 ±5. 58 in the survival group and 40. 16 ±10. 22 in the death group. The difference between the two groups was statistically different (t = 16. 566, P<0. 01). In 61.02% of survival patients, the MELD scores ranged from 21. 49 to 31. 19, while in 61. 02% of the dead patients, the MELD scores ranged from 31. 19 to 48. 94. The two ranges overlapped at 31.19. The areas under ROC of the new scoring system and MELD system were 0.960 (95% CI: 0. 944-0. 977) and 0.886 (95% C/;0. 852 - 0. 920). No overlap was found in these two 95%CJ and there was a statistically significant difference. Conclusions The new scoring system is applicable for evaluating the severity and prognosis of acute-on-chronic liver failure in hepatitis B patients. The sensitivity of this new scoring system is approximate to the MELD system.