Aim To study whether or not the green tea catechins(EGCG)has physiological benefits and the underling protective mechanism.Methods The subunit protein levels of ?4、?7 of nAChR were detected by BCA protein assay,Dot Blot assay and MTT assay.Results The results showed that the green tea catechins can significantly reduce the subunit protein levels of nAChR and decrease the cell activity induced by A?1-40.Conclusions EGCG can provide neuroprotection in vitro by up-regulating nAChR sununit levels and inhibiting the neurotoxin of A?1-40.

Objective To investigate the effects of T-2 toxin on testosterone biosynthesis in primary cultured Leydig cell derived from the mouse testis.Methods Leydig cells isolated from Kunming male mice were adjusted to 5?105/ml and the purity was identified by the modified 3?-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(HSD) staining method.Blank control group(treated with 0 ng/ml hCG and 0 mol/L T-2 toxin),inductive control group(treated with 10 ng/ml hCG and 0 mol/L T-2 toxin),low dose T-2 toxin exposure group(treated with 10 ng/ml hCG and 10-9 mol/L T-2 toxin),middle dose T-2 toxin exposure group(treated with 10 ng/ml hCG and 10-8 mol/L T-2 toxin) and high dose T-2 toxin exposure group(treated with 10 ng/ml hCG and 10-7 mol/L T-2 toxin) were designed,respectively.The testosterone level was measured after 24 h of incubation.Results After 24 hours culture in liquid medium contained serum,the fresh isolated Leydig cells grew well and the purity exceeded 90%.Through 10 ng/ml hCG induce,the testosterone level of Legdig cells increased significantly and the difference compared to blank control was of statistical sense(P

Objective To detect the feasibility of patients with specific behaviors in the facial trauma clinical teaching. Method 47 medical students were randomly divided into experimental group ( n = 22 ) and control group(n=25). Students from experimental group at least dealed with 5 ～ 10 facial trauma patients with specific behaviors, while specific behaviors patients in control group were not more than 2. Teaching results were compared. Results There was no significant difference in operation test scores between the two groups ( (84.68 ±3.41 ) vs ( 83.96 ± 3.46 ), P = 0. 476 ). Composite score of teachers in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group( (90.09 ± 5.69 ) vs (83.48 ± 5.19), P ＜ 0.01 ). The results of questionnaire survey showed that two in five self-assessment results were higher in the experimental group(P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Medical students are more appropriately involved in treating special behaviors patients, which can improve the overall quality of students. Teaching with special behaviors patients has good effect, and is feasible.

Objective To investigate the most appropriate low radiation dose in multi-slice CT (MSCT) scans for orbital trauma patients. Methods Thirty trauma patients with suspected orbital fractures who underwent helical CT scans with a 64-MSCT using regular dose were selected. Noise was artificially introduced to the axial images using an image space noise addition tool to simulate 6 sets of lower dose scans with tube current of 30, 70, 100, 140, 170 and 200 mA, respectively. The lowest tube current with adequate image quality for confident diagnosis was determined based on the evaluation of the overall image quality and fracture detection on images at different dose levels. The determined lowest tube current was then validated using clinical scans. Radiation dose related parameters CTDIvol, DLP, ED were also recorded.Image quality was evaluated according to its low-density resolution, noise and structure clarity and characterized into 5-grades of excellent, good, fair, worse and worst Rank sum test and X2 test were wsed for statistics. Results In 30 trauma patients with regular dose of 300 mA, there were 30 cases of orbital fracture, 19 cases of intraorbital emphysema, 12 cases of ocular muscle injury and 1 case of intraorbital foreign body. These changes could still be clearly observed and correctly diagnosed when the tube current was reduced to as low as 70 mA. However, the overall image quality was mostly fair. At the simulated dose of 100 mA, the majority of images were characterized as excellent or good, and there was no statistical difference compared with that of regular dose scans (P > 0.05 ) . In the clinical evaluation for 20 orbital trauma patients with the reduced tube current of 100 mA, the majority of images were judged to be excellent (9 cases) or good(17 cases) and fair (4 cases). The radiation dose(0. 29 mSv) was reduced by 70% compared with that of regular tube current of 300 mA(0. 86 mSv). Conclusion The tube current of MSCT may be used as low as 100 mA in orbital trauma patients to reduce radiation dose and keep the image quality diagnosable.

Objective　To study the clinical manifestation of small bowel tumors and the prognostic factors. Methods　Retrospective analysis of the clinical data were made on 42 cases of primary small bowel tumors (except periampullary tumors) admitted to our hospital from 1974 to 1999. Results　In this series, there were 6 cases of benign small bowel tumors, 5 of them were leiomyoma and 1 adenoma. Of the 36 cases of malignant 　tumors, there were malignant lyphoma in 17 cases (47.2%), adenocarcinoma in 11 (30.6%),　 leiomyosarcoma in 6(16.7%), carcinoid tumor in 1 (2.8%) and neurofibrosarcoma in 1 (2.8%). There was no characteristic clinical sign in small bowel tumors; endoscopy and barium series were the main diagnostic methods. About 50 per cent of patients with malignancy had metastasis, and only 18 cases (50%) received radical resection. Follow-up were available on 36 cases. The overall 5-year survival rate in the patients with malignant small bowel tumors was 47.3%. Multivariate analysis showed that metastasis and diameter of tumors were the main prognostic factors of the 5-year survival. Conclusions　Early diagnosis and early treatment play the key roles in improving the prognosis of malignant small bowel tumors. Radical resection should be taken if no metastasis is found.

Objective To investigate the impact of cigarette smoking on inflammatary factors in sputum including cell component,IL-8 and eotaxin,and the effect on responses to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)in patients with asthma.Methods Thirty-eight outpatients with chronic stable asthma who visited from January 2009 to February 2010 were enrolled in the study.Twenty-three cases were nonsmokers and 15 cases were smokers.All of them were treated by daily inhaled budesonide,and[32 agonist when necessary.Induced sputum eosinophil and neutrophil proportion were measured,and the levels of interleukin(IL-8)and eotaxin in induced-sputum by enzymatic immunoassay(ELISA)were compared between non-smoking and smoking asthmatic patients.Results The eosinophil proportion was(2.0 ± 0.4)％ in smokers and(4.6 ± 2.5)％ in nonsmokers before therapy,and(1.1 ± 0.5)％ in smokers and(1.8 ± 0.6)％ in nonsmokers after therapy.The difference was statistical significant(F =15.271,P ＜ 0.05).The eotaxin was(3.5 ± 2.1)× 10-3 mg/L insmokers and(8.6 + 2.3)x 10-3 mg/L in nonsmokers before therapy,and(3.1 + 1.5)x 10-3 mg/L insmokers)and(3.6 ± 1.3)x 10-3 mg/L in nonsmokers after therapy.There was statistical significant(F =24.172,P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant difference on neutrophil proportion and IL-8 before and after treatment(F =1.563 and 1.793,respectively,Ps ＞ 0.05).Neutrophil proportion(F =9.632,P ＜ 0.05)and IL-8(F =5.720,P ＜ 0.05)in smokers were significantly higher than non-smokers,whereas eosinophil proportion (F =15.879,P ＜ 0.05)and eotaxin(F =12.365,P ＜ 0.05)in smokers were significantly lower than nonsmokers.Conclusion There was a significantly increase in inflammatary cells andfactors in induced-sputum in two groups after ICS treatment,but the effect in smokers was lower than in non-smokers.Neutrophil proportion and IL-8 were higher in induced sputum in smokers,whereas eosinophil proportion and eotaxin were higher in non-smokers.

Objective To study the values of neck dissection for thyroid carcinoma who received nonstandard operation and help to choose good re-operation methods. Methods Retrospective investigation was carried out in 38 cases of neck dissection for thyroid carcinoma patients who received nonstandard operation during 1997 to 2005, and 32 cases were treated with neck dissection. Results Pathological results confirmed there were 73.68 % with residual tumor, positive rate of thyroid was 47.38 %, and that cervical lymph node was 57.89 %. Conclusion The residual rate of cervical lymph nodes of reoperated patients with thyroid carcinoma was relatively higher, so neck dissection for thyroid carcinoma who received nonstandard operation was necessary.

Objective To investigate the clinico-pathological characteristics of nodular goiter (NG) with lymphocytes infiltration and its relationship with Hashimoto′s disease. Methods Clinical and histologic data were collected and reviewed for 1121 cases of nodular goiter and 55 cases of thyroid adenoma, among which 83 cases had lymphocytes infiltration. These 83 cases of NG with lymphocytes infiltration were observed histologically in detail, followed up and assessed for the correlation of thyroid function to histologic findings. Results The overall incidence of lymphocytic infiltration in non-toxic nodular goiter was 7.4% (83/1121). Most of them were women of middle age. All had lymphocytes infiltration, follicule atrophy and oxiphilic epithelia in the background of nodular goiter. Seventy-six percent underwent cystic degeneration or had fibrous scar. Nineteen percent with lymphocytes infiltration in NG developed post-operative hypothyroidism. Six cases (7%) had high levels of thyroid auto-antibodies. None of the 55 cases of thyroid adenoma had overt lymphocytes infiltration. Conclusion Nodular goiter with lymphocytes infiltration and Hashimoto′s disease shares similar morphology and clinical presentation in some degree. It seems that NG with lymphocytes infiltration is a kind of inflammatory hyperplasia relating to autoimmunity and perhaps the beginning of some cases of Hashimoto′s disease.

0.05) between two groups in the above results.Disc agar diffusion test showed the sensitivity rates of overall clinical isolates to gatifloxacin and levofloxacin were 97.56% and 92.68%,respectively.The incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADR) of two groups were 23.91% and 43.75%,respectively.In 5 cases severe ADR were found. CONCLUSIONS Sequential therapy of gatifloxacin may get satisfactory results in lower respiratory tract infections of elder people.The irrational use of drugs is an important factor to increase ADR(including collateral damage).So we should pay attention to the ADR and grasp the indications strictly and use the drugs appropriately,especially for the elder patients.

Heme was extracted from fresh pig blood and made into powder in black coffee color. The product contained about 1.2%-1.8% iron and was added into food to raise its iron content.Three experiments were performed on young mice, piglets and anemic children. After feeding this product, their hemoglobin was all raised significantly (P