ObjectiveTo investigate the personnel structure,academic composition,psychological status,nursing behavior and management of the assistant nurses. MethodsThe age,educational structure,mental state and management of 110 assistant nurses were surveyed in our hospital from August 2008 to July 2011,and the results were analyzed. ResultsAmong 110 assistant nurses,24～26 year- old accounted for 60％,tertiary education accounted for 20.9％,working age mostly between 2～3 years.Depression,fear,worry,anxiety,regret,etc.were the most prominent state of mind of nurses. ConclusionsThe old and new with mentoring,early implementation of psychological interventions,maintenance of their self- esteem and strengthening the humanistic quality training can effectively stabilize psychological state of assistant nurses.The implementation of people- centered care management model not only can improve the overall professional quality of the nurses,but also can reach the ultimate goal of nurses,patients,hospitals tripartite benefit.

Objective:In order to find a safe and healthy way to control fish diseases caused by Aeromonas hydrophila,the immune effect of Aeromonas hydrophila inactivated vaccine on Carassius gibelio was studied.Methods: Three groups were randomly made by each of 10 fishes.Injection groups was made intraperitoneally ( i.p.) with 200 μl, and soaked group with 3 L volumes of inactivated vaccine suspensions respectively while the control group with same volumes of saline.Tissues and blood samples of carassius gibelio were collected after the second vaccination.Then the histopathological, immunological indicators and survival percentage were detected.Results:The relative survival percentage of two groups was 90%and 60%respectively.The serum enzymes of injection and soaked group showed significant differences contrasted with the control group.Histopathological studies revealed that the important tissues have been damaged obviously after the bacterium challenge, while the experiment groups were no damage.Conclusion:Therefore the inactivated vaccine could prevent carassius gibelio diseases that caused by A.hydrophila.

Objective:Selected virulence factors more than and high virulent Aeromonas hydrophia strain made into inactivated vaccine,to study the immunization effect of inactivated vaccine.Methods:Crucian were vaccinated with formalin-killed vaccine via in-traperitoneal injection.Controls were injected with the same volumes of saline.Then the antibody titres, histopathology and relative percent survival were analyzed from samples of both groups.Results: The antibody in the indirect agglutination reaction could be detected in vaccinated fish once a weeks after immunization and reached highest level 6 weeks after immunization.The histopathology analysis indicated that the vaccine had a good protective effect on crucian target organs.Vaccinated fish showed 100%relative percent survival and the immune period would be 6 month.Conclusion:The vaccine in this study has a significant protective effect on crucian and may be used as effective fish vaccines against bacterial septicemia.

Colorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and screening has been shown to reduce morbidity and mor-tality. This review highlights pertinent aspects of adherence to screening including the various options available and key concepts to consider in any systematic program. Persistent adherence, which is key to an efficacious screening program, is the compliance with repeated screening tests over a period of time. A “chain of survival” mindset emphasizes the step-wise, sequential and persistent approach to screening and is a helpful concept to drive the message of persistent adher-ence. A framework for the patient and physician interactions that support screening intervention is examined, and various factors that impact both patient and physician adoption and screening modality recommendations are reviewed. While systems-based approaches to screening have great utility in automation and monitoring in a surveillance program, some emerging data suggests that the human touch is still an essential driver for active participation in these programs. Fi-nally, the proportion of time concept is discussed as a useful index for monitoring persistent adherence in both individualsand populations.

Gastric stem cells are adult stem cells found in the gastric tissues,which possess high self-renewal capability,proliferation rate and multiple differentiation capability.They can regenerate all the gastric mucosa epithelial cells.Gastric stem cells play an important role in the self-renewal and injury repair,making epithelium of gastric mucosa in the dynamic balance and maintaining the integrity of gastric mucosa.With the constant deepening of stem cell research,the application of gastric stem cells provides a new means for the study of gastric physiology and diseases.Since the first report by Barker in 2010,gastric organoids have soon become a model of interest and are highly desirable as tools for studying gastric diseases.As an optimal experimental model,gastric organoids are superior to animal model and conventional cell culture.Gastric organoids are comprised of all major types of gastric epithelial cells,represent the architecture and function remarkably similar to those of the gastric epithelium,faithfully recapitulating the functional gastric epithelium ex vivo.Especially gastric organoids derived from the human body,which allow the investigation of the function of human stomach in the ex vivo setting.In this review,research progresses of gastric stem cells and their application in establishment of gastric organoids are summarized.

Methods:Two thousand standard sections images werre collected from 2 000 clinical retrospective pediatric hip ultrasound videos from January 2019 to January 2021. All standard sections were annotated by the annotation team through the self-designed software based on Python 3.6 environment for image cross-media data annotation and manual review standardization process with unified standards. Among them, 1 753 were randomly selected for training the deep learning system, and the remaining 247 were used for testing the system. Further, 200 standard sections were randomly selected from the test set, and 8 clinicians independently completed the film reading annotation. The 8 independent results were then compared with the AI results.Results:The testing set consists of 247 patients. Compared with the clinician's measurements, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of diagnosing hip joint maturity was 0.865, the sensitivity was 76.19%, and the specificity was 96.9%. The AUC of AI system interpretation under Graf detailed typing was 0.575, the sensitivity was 25.90%, the specificity was 89.10%. The 95% LoA of α-angle determined by Bland-Altman method, of -4.7051° to 6.5948° ( Bias -0.94, P<0.001), compared with clinicians' measurements. The 95% LoA of β-angle, of -7.7191 to 6.8777 ( Bias -0.42, P=0.077). Compared with those from 8 clinicians, the results of AI system interpretation were more stable, and the β-angle effect was more prominent. Conclusion:The AI system can quickly and accurately measure the Graf correlation index of standard DDH ultrasonic standard diagnosis plane.

Gastric organoid is the organotypic cultures of gastric stem cells or pluripotent stem cells. Gastric organoid is comprised of all major types of gastric epithelial cells and represent the architecture and function remarkably similar to those of the gastric epithelium, faithfully recapitulating the functional gastric epithelium ex vivo. As ideal basic experimental model, gastric organoid has advantages over animal models and conventional cell model in many aspects. Gastric organoid derived from human gastric tissue, in particular, allows the investigation of the function of human stomach in the ex vivo setting. It has now been applied in the field of formation and physiology of the stomach, Helicobacter pylori infection-associated diseases, research of the pathogenic gene, screening and development of drugs, and regenerative medicine. What is more, as an innovative pre-clinical cancer model, gastric cancer organoid has provided important insights in the development of gastric cancer and screening of antitumor drugs, such as simulating the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, screening and development of antitumor drugs, personalized medication and targeted therapy for gastric cancer, and combined application with patient-derived xenograft. In this review, we summarize the establishment and application of gastric and gastric cancer organoids, especially in modeling gastric cancer, basic research and drug development.
Helicobacter Infections ; Humans ; Organ Culture Techniques ; standards ; trends ; Organoids ; Research ; trends ; Stomach Neoplasms

Colonic organoids are three-dimensional organotypic cultures of the colonic stem cells or pluripotent stem cells. Its essence is the culture of colonic stem cells or pluripotent stem cells, and their derived intestinal epithelial cells, intestinal endocrine cells and goblet cells in basement membrane extract with specific growth factors. Colonic organoids are comprised of all major types of colonic epithelial cells and represent the architecture and function remarkably similar to those of the colonic epithelium, faithfully recapitulating the functional colonic epithelium ex vivo. As a superior basic experimental model, colonic organoids are representing advantages over conventional cell models and animal models in many aspects, such as high successful rate, short productive cycle, and high consistency with source tissue. Since first reported in 2011, colonic organoids have soon become an important topic in the field of colonic diseases. It has now been applied in the field of physiology of colonic epithelium, infectious diarrhea, ulcerative colitis, regeneration of intestinal injury, and colon tumors. In this review, we summarize the research advances of establishment and application of colonic organoids.

The acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults have a higher rate of neurological injury and early death compared with atlas or axial fractures alone. Currently, the diagnosis and treatment choices of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults are controversial because of the lack of standards for implementation. Non-operative treatments have a high incidence of bone nonunion and complications, while surgeries may easily lead to the injury of the vertebral artery, spinal cord and nerve root. At present, there are no evidence-based Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults. To provide orthopedic surgeons with the most up-to-date and effective information in treating acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults, the Spinal Trauma Group of Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the field of spinal trauma to develop the Evidence-based guideline for clinical diagnosis and treatment of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults ( version 2023) by referring to the "Management of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults" published by American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS)/Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) in 2013 and the relevant Chinese and English literatures. Ten recommendations were made concerning the radiological diagnosis, stability judgment, treatment rules, treatment options and complications based on medical evidence, aiming to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of acute combination fractures of the atlas and axis in adults.