Objective To evaluate the effects of TGF ? 1, EGF, bFGF, KGF on the cell growth of androgen independent prostate cancer cell line PC 3M in vitro. Methods We cultured androgen independent prostate cancer cell line PC 3M in vitro and added TGF ? 1, EGF, bFGF, KGF to the medium at different concentrations of 1, 5,10 and 50 ng/ml. Brdu incorporation method was used to determine the status of cell proliferation. Results The absorbance ( A ) value of the control group PC 3M was 0 759. Seventy two hours after adding the growth factors separately, the inhibition was enhanced with the increasing of concentrations. At the dosage of 50 ng/ml, A value decreased to 0 400(TGF ? 1),0 455(EGF),0 532(bFGF),and 0 491(KGF),respectively, showing significant difference compared to the controls. When the mixture of 1 ng/ml EGF with 0 5 ng/ml or 5 ng/ml TGF ? 1 was added into the medium, A values were 0 522 and 0 299, respectively. Conclusions All these four growth factors inhibited the proliferation of PC 3M cell line in a dose dependent manner. TGF ? 1 and EGF have no interaction to the cell proliferation.

Objective To explore the safety and feasibility of endoscopic-assisted inguinal lymphadenectomy via a small incision (3 cm) for vulvar carcinoma . Methods From September 2013 to December 2015, local wide excision and endoscopic-assisted inguinal lymphadenectomy via a 3-cm incision was performed to treat vulvar carcinoma in 6 women.There were 2 cases of unilateral operation and 4 cases of bilateral operations .A small incision (3 cm) was made in the groin.The skin edge was lifted to separate subcutaneous tissue and obtain a surgical exposure .Then endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy was conducted . Results The surgeries were successful in all the 6 patients, with no conversion to open surgery or intraoperative secondary injury .The operation time of inguinal lymphadenectomy was 60-90 min (78.3 ±14.7 min), and the blood loss was 20-40 ml (31.6 ±9.8 ml).The number of lymph nodes desected was 3-13 (8.7 ±3.0) in each side.Pathological examinations showed squamous cell carcinoma . The FIGO staging showed 2 cases of stage ⅠB and 4 cases of stage Ⅱ.The postoperative stitches removal time was 7-9 d (7.8 ±0.7 d) .No surgical complications , such as incision disruption , delayed healing , inguinal skin necrosis , or lower extremity lymphedema , were recorded during a 3-12 months (6.5 ±4.4 months) of follow-up.No tumor recurrence or metastasis was found . Conclusions Endoscopic-assisted inguinal lymphadenectomy via mall incision in the treatment of vulvar carcinoma is effect , safe and feasible .It achieves radical effects .

Objective To carry out a systematic study on the chemical constituents in the fruits of Momordica grosvenori. Methods To isolate pure compounds by using repeated column chromatography,while the structure of a new compound was determined by detailed spectral analysis. Results Four cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides, mogroside Ⅱ E (Ⅰ), mogroside Ⅲ (Ⅱ), grosmomoside Ⅰ (Ⅲ), and mogroside Ⅴ (Ⅳ) were isolated from the 50% ethanolic extract of the fruits of M. grosvenori. Conclusion Grosmomoside Ⅰ is a new compound identified as mogrol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-24-O-{[β-D-glucopyranosyl (2-1 ) ]- [β-D-glucopyranosyl (6-1 ) ]-β-D-galactopyranoside } and the other three compounds are known compounds.

Objective To study the apoptotic effect of brazilein on human lung cancer A549 cells and endoplasmic reticulum stress .Methods The cytotoxic activity was tested by MTT assay in A549 cells .The flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis . Western blotting was performed to detect GRP78 and cyto c protein expression .Results The IC50 values of brazilein against A549 cells was (5 .36 ± 0 .62)μmol/L .After treatment with 0 ,5 ,10 and 20 μmol/L brazilein for 48 h ,the percent of apoptosis was (1 .15 ± 0 .32)% ,(19 .61 ± 4 .52)% ,(30 .18 ± 6 .35)% and (39 .48 ± 7 .44)% respectively .There was significant difference among the different treatment (P< 0 .05) .Compared with control group ,the protein expression of GRP78 and cytosolic cyto c was in‐creased after 5 ,10 and 20 μmol/L brazilein treated for 48 h .Conclusion Brazilein induced apoptosis in human lung cancer A549 cells though endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway .

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the fruits of Momordica grosvenori. Methods Isolation and purification of the constituents were carried out on column chromatography. Their structures were identified by NMR and MS spectral analyses. Results Ten compounds were isolated and elucidated as kaempferol (Ⅰ), kaempferol 7-O-?-L-rhamnopyranoside (Ⅱ), kaempferitrin (Ⅲ), mogroside ⅡE (Ⅳ), mogroside Ⅲ (Ⅴ), kaempferol 3-O-?-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl (1-2)-?-L-rhamnopyranoside] (Ⅵ), mogroside ⅣA (Ⅶ), grosmomoside Ⅰ (Ⅷ), mogroside Ⅴ (Ⅸ), and mogroside ⅡA1 (Ⅹ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅶ and Ⅹ are new natural products, and Ⅰ is isolated from the fruits of M. grosvenori for the first time.

Objective To discuss the curative effects of replacement of artificial femoral secured with cement in old aged patients with femoral neck fractures. Methods 131 cases (101 fresh and 30 obsolete; 23 type Ⅱ, 62 type Ⅲ, 46 type IV by Garden typing) were replaced with artificial femoral head secured with cement by a Gibson approach, and were injected with medicine to avoid venous thrombus. Results All cases were followed up for 0.5～8 years. The excellent and good rate was 96.4%. Conclusions The replacement of artificial femoral head secured with cement is suitable for old aged patients, because it is convenient and the patients can recover fast after the operation.

Objective To explore the value of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in predicting and mornitoring ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome(OHSS). Methods 11 cases of OHSS patients and 16 cases of high-responder patients were enrolled in this study, respectively from IVF-ET or ICSI programme. Serum VEGF level before giving gonadotrophin, on the days of hCG administration, OPU and ET, and at the 7th and 14th days after ET as well as the VEGF level of follicular fluid (FF) on the day of OPU were measured. The serum VEGF of hospitalized women with severe OHSS were also measured during the whole therapy. Results Compared with high-responder patients, serum VEGF level on mid luteal and late luteal phases significantly increased in OHSS patients, and FF VEGF level obviously increased as well. Serum VEGF level gradually decreased along with clinical and biological improvement of OHSS. Conclusion FF VEGF level could predict the occurrence of OHSS, and serum VEGF level could monitor the progress of OHSS.

Objective To explore the classification and risk factors of nocturia in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods The 120 males aged 60 years old and over were enrolled who were first diagnosed as BPH or had ceased the BPH medication for at least 3 months.The patients were divided into six groups according to the nocturnal voiding episodes estimated according to the international prostate symptom score (IPSS). All 120 males were inquired about general information and medical histories. The time and volume of intake and voided urine were recorded for 72 hours. The indexes of prostate and bladder function in all cases were also examined and recorded. Results The incidence of nocturia in our study was 79.2%, the incidence of nocturnal polyuria and overactive bladder were 3.3% and 10.8%, respectively. The quality of life was affected by the duration between the time of patients' going to bed and the first time getting up at night. After excluding the cases of nocturnal polyuria and overactive bladder, statistical analysis indicated that the age, and residual urine volume of the bladder were positively associated with nocturia frequencies (NF), the nocturnal voiding volume negatively with NF, while the prostate volume and peak flow rate were not associated with NF. Drinking volume in 24-hours affected the nocturia (P＜0. 01). Conclusions Nocturia is a common complaint in elderly males with BPH and significantly affects the quality of life. The age and the storing function of bladder are more important factors as compared with prostate hyperplasia itself.

Objective To improve the finding of prostate cancer (PCa) and prevent the unnecessary biopsies, we select proper patients for biopsy and analyze. Methods The retrospective study included 258 patients who were biopsied for suspected early PCa. Then we analyse how the age, prostate volume, PSA, transrectal ultrasound sonography (TRUS) and MRI affect the finding of prostate cancer. Results Altogether 146 BPH and 112 prostate cancer by biopsy were detected. Positive ratio of biopsy was increased with the age or PSA increases but has no relationship with the prostate volume. Combination with digital rectal examination, PSA and TRUS, the positive ratio was improved and unecessary biopsies were avoided. The detective rate reached 84.6% when all of these three parameters were positive. The sensitivity of MRI was 98.3% but specificity was only 22.4%. The total efficacy was 21.8%. Conclusions The effect of DRE, PSA and TRUS in the screening of prostate cancer should be emphasized. However, importance of MRI is limited for the early detection of PCa.

Objective To investigate the expression of nm23-H1 in human benign and malignant colorectal lesions and the relationship between invasion,metastasis in colorectal carcinoma.Methods The expression of nm23-H1 were determined by ABC immunohistochemical technique in 80 cases human colorectal carcinoma,and compared with that in adenoma and normal mucus.Result Positivity expression rates of nm23-H1 were 66.7% in colorectal carcinoma.No significant difference of the expression of nm23-H1 in normal mucus,adenoma and cancerous tissue (P>0.05).The positive rates of nm23-H1 expression in different pathological grading,lymph node metastasis and post-operative survival (3 years) were showed significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusions It is suggested that the deletion of nm23-H1 low expression might play an important role in the carcinogenesis,development,metastasis and prognostic value of human colorectal carcinoma.