OBJECTIVE: To probe into the drug resistance of gram negative bacilli in patients with lower respiratory infection and to analyze the application of antibacterials in the department of respiratory disease.METHODS: Routine drug susceptibility test was conducted by K-B disk agar diffusion method,and the DDDs and consumption sum of the antibacterials were analyzed as well.RESULTS: Pseudomonas aeruginosa which was susceptible to Meropenem took the lead with 22.1% among all the gram negative bacilli in patients with lower respiratory infection,followed by E.coli(20.7%) and Klebsiella(15.1%).Quinolone and third generation cephalosporins took the lead on the DDDs list in the treatment of gram negative bacilli in patients with lower respiratory infection.CONCLUSION: Hospital should intensify the monitoring of gram negative bacilli in patients with lower respiratory infection and analyzing of the application of antibacterials so as to guide clinicians for a rational use of antibacterials.

Objective To analyze the MR signs of primary subdural extramedullary tumors so as to improve the correct diagnostic rate.Methods MR signs of 40 cases with primary neoplasms of extramedullary were studied retrospectively.All cases were verified by surgery. Results Neurinoma,neurofibroma,meningioma,lipoma and teratoman had specific MR features in location,size,shape,edge,signal and enhancement change. Conclusion Primary subdural extramedullary tumors can be correctly diagnosised.

Objective To analyse MRI findings of multicentric craniopharyngioma and improve knowledge to it. Methods MRI and Gd-DTPA enhanced SE T 1WI scaning were performed in 4 cases of multicentric craniopharyngioma proved by surgery and pathology before operation, PDWI scaning were performed in 2 cases.Results MRI manifestations of multicentric Craniopharyngioma is the tumors of Parenchymal -predominant mixed in the sella turcica region or Suprasellar region as the center focus in 4 cases, and different cystic focus were also found in the di-temporal lobe,the basis of anterior cranium fossa,the anterior part of third ventricle,the pontine cistern, the caudate nucleus.Cystic-Parenchymal focus has low-iso mixed signal on T 1WI and high-low mixed signal on T 2WI;cystic focus of the tumors had different signal,signal ranges form low up to high on T 1WI,while high signal on T 2WI and from iso-signal to high on PDWI. After Gd-DTPA enhanced,annular wall enhancement were seen on cystic focus,Parenchymal focus appeared as uniform enhancement.Conclusion The multicentric craniopharyngioma growth performance is multi-origination growth with the sella turcica region or suprasellar region center, the MRI signal specialty of craniopharyngioma is related to ratio of cystic-consolidated and the contents of the cystic fluid.

Objective: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Qingnao Yizhi Formula (QYF) for vascular dementia and multi - infarct dermentia. Methods: In- vitro rabbit neuron culture was utilized to investigate the effect of QYF on glutamic - acid - induced neuron injury. Results: QYF could increase the survival rate of iniured neuron(P

Objective To introduce a new extracapsular approach for thyroidectomy in patients with surgical thyroid disease. Method Clinical data of 104 cases undergoing this procedure were retrospectively analyzed. Results From May 1990 to May 2000, 104 patients underwent either total or subtotal thyroidectomy by extracapsular approach. One patient suffered from postoperative temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. No morbidity such as postoperative thyroid crisis, hemorrhage leading to airway compression, permanent hypoparathyroidism nor mortality developed. Conclusion The total extracapsular approach for thyroidectomy is safe, less of complication and effective.

Objective To explore the association between the 5-HTR2A (-1438A/G)promoter region gene polymorphisms and unipolar depression and effcacy of antidepressant drugs in northwest Chinese Han population.Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the distributive frequency of serotonin 2A receptor promoter region polymorphisms of 136 unipolar depression patients( patient group) and 160 normal people tween the patient group and the control group.The frequency of AG,GG genotypes; and G allele in patients was phisms of 5-HT2AR promoter region were correlated with SSRIs treatment response(F= 6.317, P= 0.013 ).There was significant difference of the effective power at the end of week 2 ( x2 = 5.878, P= 0.015 ).The effective power of AA, AG genotype was much higher than that of GG genotype and the effective power in the group with AA genotype was higher than that with AG genotype( each 87.8% ,57.6% ,53.7% ).Conclusion The frequency of GG genotype of 5-HTR2A( 1348A/G)may be associated with episode of unipolar depression in northwest Chinese Han population and A allele may be correlated with well response to paroxetine.

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for different diameter adrenal tumor.Methods The clinical dam of 61 patients who underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy from January 2009 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,the patients were divided into A group (the diameter of adrenal tumor ＞ 6 cm,24 cases) and B group (the diameter of adrenal tumor 3-6 cm,37 cases) according to the diameter of adrenal tumor.The therapeutic effect was compared between 2 groups.Results All procedures were performed successfully.There were statistical differences in operative time and estimated blood loss between A group and B group [(138 ± 66) min vs.(106 ± 45) min and (324 ± 168) ml vs.(165 ± 50) ml] (P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical differences in the rate of complication and blood transfusion between 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in hospital stay after operation between 2 groups [(6.7 ± 1.2) d vs.(5.4 ± 0.6)d] (P ＞ 0.05).A group was followed up for (22 ± 10) months,during which time no local recurrence was noted in 19 cases by B-mode ultrasonography,3 cases were missed,and 2 cases were alive with hydronephrosis or pancreatic cyst.B group was followed up for (24 ± 11) months,during which time no local recurrence was noted in 32 cases by B-mode ultrasonography,4 cases were missed,and 1 case was found with renal dysfunction.The pathology of most tumors in A group included medullary lipoma,pheochromocytoma and ganglioneuroma,in B group included adenoma,pheochromocytoma and medullary lipoma.Conclusion Minimally invasive and safe procedure for skillful surgeons in the treatment of tumor diameter larger than 6 cm.

0.05), but there was significant difference between different-severitydepression with suicidal behavior (P

Objective To study the expression of Survivin and the relationship with proliferative activity in pancreatic carcinoma(PC).Methods The expression of SurvivinmRNA was investigated by reverse(transcriptase) polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in 62 cases of PC samples,12 cases of chronic(pancreatitis)(CP) samples,and 10 cases of normal pancreatic tissue samples.Meanwhile,the expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) was detected by immunohistochemical assay.Results The(expression) of Survivin gene was detected in a significantly greater proportion in PC(74.2%) than CP(0/12) and normal pancreatic tissue(0/10)(P

BACKGROUND:Stem cels can induce immune tolerance, prolong graft survival time and reduce rejection in organ transplantation, which have become a hot research. OBJECTIVE:To induce immune tolerance to alogenic kidney transplantation with amniotic fluid stem cels in recipient rats and to explore the mechanism underlying immune tolerance. METHODS: Amniotic fluid stem cels were isolated from Wistar rats. Two inbred male rat strains, Wistar rats and Sprague-Dawley rats, were selected as donors and recipients of kidney transplantation. The rat models of renal orthotopic transplantation were divided into the folowing four groups: a sham-operated group (n=10, Sprague-Dawley rats); an isograft group (n=10, Sprague-Dawley to Sprague-Dawley rats); a control group (n=10, Wistar to Sprague-Dawley rats, treated with 1 mL saline); and an experimental group (n=10, Wistar to Sprague-Dawley rats, treated with 1 mL of 3×106/L amniotic fluid stem cels). Serum levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen, interleukin-2, interferon-γ, parameters of oxidative stress were detected at 5 days after operation. Flow cytometry was employed to determine the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Kidney transplants were observed pathologicaly. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen, interleukin-2, interferon-γ, parameters of oxidative stress and proteinuria were lower in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Percentages of CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were also significantly lower in the experimental group than the control group. However, the rate of cretinemia clearance in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the degree of kidney injury in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group. Our findings demonstrate that the amniotic fluid stem cel transplantation can induce immune tolerance, extenuate oxidative stress, attenuate pathological damage to the kidney transplant and preserve kidney function from acute rejection in rats undergoing kidney transplantation.