Objective To establish the quality standard of Shenxin Capsules.Methods The contents of ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Re in Shenxin Capsules were determined by HPLC with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile- 0.05 % phosphoric acid water solution (95 ∶ 405) and UV detection wavelength at 203 nm .Qualitative analysis of Radix Ginseng, Cornu Saigae Tataricae and Herba Asari in Shenxin Capsule was carried out by TLC. Results Ginsenoside Rg1 showed a good linearity in the range of 1.032～ 9.288 ? g( r=0.9998, n=5) , the average recovery being 99.76 % and RSD being 2.10 % . Ginsenoside Re showed a good linearity in the range of 0.850～ 7.650 ? g( r=0.9998, n=5) , the average recovery being 96.24 % and RSD being 1.67 % . The chromatographic spots of Radix Ginseng, Cornu Saigae Tataricae and Herba Asari were identified without the interference of negative control .Conclusion The method is accurate , reproducible and can be used for the quality control of Shenxin Capsules.

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for different diameter adrenal tumor.Methods The clinical dam of 61 patients who underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy from January 2009 to June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,the patients were divided into A group (the diameter of adrenal tumor ＞ 6 cm,24 cases) and B group (the diameter of adrenal tumor 3-6 cm,37 cases) according to the diameter of adrenal tumor.The therapeutic effect was compared between 2 groups.Results All procedures were performed successfully.There were statistical differences in operative time and estimated blood loss between A group and B group [(138 ± 66) min vs.(106 ± 45) min and (324 ± 168) ml vs.(165 ± 50) ml] (P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical differences in the rate of complication and blood transfusion between 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in hospital stay after operation between 2 groups [(6.7 ± 1.2) d vs.(5.4 ± 0.6)d] (P ＞ 0.05).A group was followed up for (22 ± 10) months,during which time no local recurrence was noted in 19 cases by B-mode ultrasonography,3 cases were missed,and 2 cases were alive with hydronephrosis or pancreatic cyst.B group was followed up for (24 ± 11) months,during which time no local recurrence was noted in 32 cases by B-mode ultrasonography,4 cases were missed,and 1 case was found with renal dysfunction.The pathology of most tumors in A group included medullary lipoma,pheochromocytoma and ganglioneuroma,in B group included adenoma,pheochromocytoma and medullary lipoma.Conclusion Minimally invasive and safe procedure for skillful surgeons in the treatment of tumor diameter larger than 6 cm.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the ethanol mixed-extraction technology of Red ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza in Xin-likang granules. METHODS:L9(34)orthogonal test was adopted to optimize ethanol mixed-extraction technology with ethanol vol-ume fraction,amount of ethanol and extraction times as factors using weighting coefficient comprehensive score of the contents of ginsenoside Rg1,Re and Rb1 in R. ginseng and the contents of tanshinone ⅡA and salvianolic acid B in S. miltiorrhiza as index;and the verification test was detected. RESULTS:Optimal mixed-ethanol extraction technology was as follows as 6-fold 70% etha-nol,reflux extracting for 3 times,2 h each time. In verification test,average contents of ginsenosides Rg1,Re,Rb1 in R. ginseng and those of tanshinone ⅡA and salvianolic acid B in S. miltiorrhiza were 3.963 8,0.757 3,4.986 2,0.964 7,27.662 5 mg/g,re-spectively,and comprehensive score was 0.96 (RSD=1.26%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:Ethanol extraction technology of R. gin-seng and S. miltiorrhiza in Xinlikang granules optimized by multiple indexes comprehensive score combined with orthogonal test is stable,reasonable and feasible.

Objective To investigate the effect of secondary transurethral electrocision for recurrent superficial bladder cancer.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with recurrent superficial bladder cancer were divided into experiment group and control group by random mechanical sampling method with 60 cases of each.Experiment group underwent secondary transurethral electrocision at 4 weeks after initial transurethral electrocision and received mitomycin bladder perfusion chemotherapy,control group patients underwent initial transurethral electrocision and received mitomycin bladder perfusion chemotherapy.The two groups' follow-up cystoscopy at 3-month intervals,the follow-up time was 6-34 (18.6 ± 6.5) months,the recurrence was compared between each other.Results Within the follow-up period,the recurrence rate in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group [21.7％(13/60) vs.63.3％(38/60),P＜0.01].Of all the recurrent patients,high grade rumor (G2 and G3 grade) was mainly,the recurrence rate of high grade tumor in experiment group was significantly lower than that in control group [26.2％ (11/42) vs.70.0％(35/50),P ＜ 0.01].Conclusions Secondary transurethral electrocision can reduce the recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer (especially for the high grade tumor),it can exactly make the classification of malignant tumors and find residual tumor.So it is valuable in the clinical treatment.

Objective To explore the unmet needs and service of rehabilitation for Chinese people with disabilities. Methods The unmet needs and services of rehabilitation data from the Second National Sample Survey of Disability and 2006-2016 Statistical Bulletin on the De-velopment of People with disabilities in China issued by China Disabled Persons Federation had been analyzed. Results The unmet needs of rehabilitation for people with disabilities in China were mainly included health care and support, assistive devices, rehabilitation therapy and services, poverty alleviation, accessible facilities, accessible information, and other rehabilitation needs. The highest rate of unmet needs of rehabilitation was in the fields of health care (34.84%) and poverty alleviation (33.25%). There were significant differences in unmet needs of rehabilitation among people with different types of disabilities (χ2=40322.1, P<0.01). For all the types of disabilities, 41.46%had not re-ceived any service and support, 30.45%received health care and support, and 0.55%received accessible information. The main approaches recommended by professionals for people with disabilities were institutional rehabilitation, and community and family based services. The main services recommended by professionals to people with psychiatric (68.18%) or visual disabilities (60.28%) were health care, to people with hearing disability (51.67%) were assistive device, and to people with intellectual (57.36%) and speech disability (47.06%) were rehabil-itation therapy and training. There were significant differences both in rehabilitation approaches and contents among people with different types of disabilities preferred by professionals (χ2=12489.9,χ2=52528.93, P<0.01). Conclusion The unmet needs of rehabilitation for people with different types of disabilities were mainly included health care and assistance, assistive devices, rehabilitation training and services, and poverty alleviation. There were significant differences among people with different types of disabilities. For service delivery, the highest rate was in health care and assistance. The gap between the service and unmet needs of poverty alleviation for people with disabilities in China was the highest. There were significant differences in rehabilitation approaches and contents recommended by professionals among people with different types of disabilities. It was recommended to construct the national and local system of policy support system and rehabilita-tion service governance, to provide precision rehabilitation services based on the unmet needs of rehabilitation, to develop the comprehen-sive rehabilitation service delivery to achieve the goal of rehabilitation for all, and to conduct scientific research on rehabilitation by using International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to provide evidence and support for the development of rehabilitation.

Objective To assess the safety and efficacy of extended liver resection using preoperative PTCD (percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage) and PVE (portal vein embolization) to treat patients with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma.Methods We collected and analyzed the clinical data of 27 patients with Bismuth types Ⅲ and Ⅳ hilar cholangiocarcinoma who underwent extended hepatecomy using preoperative PTCD and PVE in our hospital.Results There were 21 patients with R0 resection and 6 patients with R1 resection.The mortality rate was 0％.Eight patients died of cancer recurrence.Conclusion Preoperative PTCD and PVE combined with extended hepatectomy were safe and efficacious in treating patients with locally advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma,which resulted in potential cure.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the content determination of berberine hydrochloride in the Jiangtang xiao-zhi tablets. METHODS:HPLC was conducted with the Symmetry C18 column. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L sodium dihydrogen phosphate(pH adjusted to 3.0 using phosphoric acid)(24∶76,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The detection wave-length was 345 nm,the column temperature was room temperature and injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of berberine hydrochloride was 0.522-4.698 μg(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 0.72%;the average recovery was 97.79%(RSD=2.09%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate,sensitive and reproducible,and can be used for the content determination of berberine hydrochloride.

Objective To analyze functioning and disability, unmet needs and the service for people with disabilities in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Methods Based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and World Report on Disabil-ity, the theoretical framework had been constructed, and the unmet needs and service status for people with disabilities in Shenzhen in 2015 had been statistically analyzed. Results For the statistics of disability by categories, physical disability composed of 42.5%, speech disability composed of 1.5%;people with severe and extremely severe disabilities composed of 52.8%;Futian District composed of 19.7%, Yantian District composed of 2.2%;people aged 0 to 18 years composed of 17.4%, and people aged over 60 years (27.0%) were the larger group. For the unmet needs of people with disabilities, 25%needed rehabilitation therapy, 18.8%needed functional training, 23.2%needed assis-tive devices, and 32.9%had no need. For rehabilitation sevice in Shenzhen, 24.4%received rehabilitation therapy, 17.4%received function-al training, 20.4%received assistive devices, and 37.6%did not receive any service. For the barrier-free reconstruction, 4.6%needed bath-room reconstruction, and 0.7%needed internet access screen software. Conclusion The status of functioning and disability, unmet needs and service development of rehabilitation in Shenzhen had been analyzed. There was still a gap between unmet needs and services of rehabilita-tion. It recommended to construct precise services delivery based on unmet needs, improve the full coverage and quality of service of reha-bilitation.

Objective : To learn the passive smoking exposure and hazard awareness among the residents aged 18 years and over in Zhengzhou,so as to provide evidence for tobacco control. Methods: By multi-stage stratified and clustered sampling method,the residents aged 18 years and over in Zhengzhou were selected. From June to October in 2018,a questionnaire for risk factors of non-communicable diseases,designed by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,was used to collect their passive smoking exposure and hazard awareness and then analyzed. Results : A total of 6 793 questionnaires were qualified in 6 809 questionnaires and the effective rate was 99.77%. Among 5 387 non-smokers,2 131 people were exposed to passive smoking,and the crude and standardized rate was 39.56% and 40.14%. The standardized rate of passive smoking exposure was higher in men than in women（42.44% vs. 38.67%,P<0.05）,in rural residents than in urban residents（43.90% vs. 36.62%,P<0.05）,and it decreased with the age increase（P<0.05）. The standardized rate of passive smoking exposure in family,indoor workplace and indoor public place was 30.99%,36.99% and 68.02%,respectively. The standardized awareness rate of “passive smoking exposure may lead to heart disease,lung disease in children and lung cancer in adults” was 56.63%,which was higher in urban rural residents than in rural residents（75.69% vs. 36.33%,P<0.05）. Conclusions The passive smoking exposure rate was high in Zhengzhou,especially in indoor public places. The awareness of the hazards of passive smoking exposure was scarce, especially in rural residents.

Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics of the Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from blood and sputum samples of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in ICU.Methods The patients were analyzed in two groups:Group A,A.baumannii was isolated from both blood and sputum,and Group B,A.baumannii was isolated only from sputum.Clinical data of the patients were collected,including the results of antimicrobial susceptibility test.Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were performed for the strains.Results During the study period from June 2015 to December 2105,28 nonduplicate A.baumannii strains were collected from 14 patients in group A and 28 nonduplicate strains from 28 patients in group B.The 56 A.baumannii strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR).More than 80％ of the strains were resistant to carbapenem,third-generation cephalosporins or aminoglycoside,but highly sensitive to tigecycline.No significant difference was found for the resistance rates between group A and group B.The nonduplicate A.baumannii isolates from blood and sputum samples of the same patient in group A were all homologous strains confirmed by PFGE.Six pulsotypes were identified from the 28 strains in Group A and 9 pulsotypes in Group B.Five pulsotypes were shared between the two groups.MLST analysis showed that there were 9 ST types (ST195,ST208,ST229,ST369,ST373,ST457,ST836 and two new phenotypes ST N2,ST N5) in Group A and 8 ST types (ST195,ST208,ST381 and 5 new phenotypes ST N1,ST N2,ST N3,ST N4,ST N5) strains in group B.There was no significant difference in the proportion of the main ST types between the two groups.eBURST analysis indicated that ST195,ST208,ST457,ST369,ST N1,ST N2,ST N51 belonged to CC92 prevalent strain.Conclusions The antimicrobial susceptibility profile and genotype of A.baumannii isolates from blood and sputum samples are similar.There was CC92 prevalent strain in the ward.There is no direct relation between the risk factors for bloodstream infection in VAP patients and the genotype of A.baumannii strain.It is particularly important to reinforce infection control for prevention and treatment ofA.baumannii bloodstream infections.