Graphene/Room temperature ionic liquids ( GN/IL ) nanocomposite was prepared by grinding graphene and ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ( BMIMPF6 ) which mixed together in appropriate proportion. Atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) was utilized to characterize the formation of the GN-ILs. Due to the synergistic effect between ionic liquids and graphene, the nanocomposite exhibited excellent performance toward H2 O2 reduction. A novel uric acid ( UA) electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on uricase-GN/IL modified glassy carbon electrode. The experimental results showed that the response displayed a good linear response toward UA in the concentration range from 0. 002-4. 5 mmol/L. The corre1ation coefficient was 0. 995 and the detection limit was 0. 85 μmol/L. The easily prepared electrochemical sensor had favorable stability and selectivity and could be applied to the quick determination of UA in human serum, thus providing a new UA detection method for clinical trial.

To observe correlation between the cerebral blood flow (CBF)and plasma concentration of propofol. Method: Twenty two patients, ASA grade I, were given propofol 2mg/kg. Before and after the administra tion, the velocity of MCA(middle cerebral artery), PI(pulsaltility index) and RI(resistance index) were tested simultaneously, and the plasma concentration of propofol were measured with high performance liquid chromatography. Resuit: The mean velocity of MCA(Vmca)decreased significantly and RI increased after propofol administration(P

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of edaravone combined with butyl phthalide in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS:258 AIS patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 129 cases in each group. Both groups were given routine treatment as antiplatelet,improving microcirculation,controlling blood pressure,lowering blood glucose,regulating blood lipid,keeping plaque stable,nourishing brain cells. Control group was additionally given Butyl phthalide capsules orally,200 mg,tid. Observation group was additionally given Edaravone injection 30 mg added into Sodium chloride injection 100 ml,ivgtt,bid,on the basis of control group. Both groups continuously received 14 days of treatment. The serum inflammatory factor,miR-222 and neurologic impairment score of 2 groups were observed before treatment,7,14 d after treatment. Clinical efficacies and the occurrence of ADR were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in the serum inflammatory factor,miR-222 and neurologic impairment score between 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05). The serum inflammatory factor and neurologic impairment score of 2 groups were decreased significant-ly 7,14 d after treatment,while serum levels of miR-222 were increased significantly;the observation group was significantly bet-ter than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Total effective rate of observation group was 92.2%,which was significantly higher than that of control group (69.8%),with statistical significance (P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Edaravone combined with butyl phthalide is effective in the treatment of AIS,and can significantly de-crease serum inflammatory factor level,promote the expression of miR-222 and improve neurologic function with good safety.

Objective To explore the role of parecoxib in protection of learning and memory ablility in rats with global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a sham group (S group), a ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R group), and a ischemia/reperfusion with parecoxib group (I/R+PA group). Global cerebral ischemia was induced by Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion. 72 h after reperfusion, Morris water maze was used to assess spatial learning and memory ability for consecutive five days. The histological changes in the hippocampus were detected by Nissl staining. Results As compared with the I/R group, rats in S guoup and I/R+PA group had a significantly shortened escape latency (P<0.05), and had significantly longer dwelling time in the former platform quadrant and more frequent cross-platform movement in the Morris water maze test. Conclusions Parecoxib plays a role in protection of learning and memory ability in rats with global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Objective:To explore the rule of CD8+CD25+FoxP3+ regulator T cells(Treg) in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (PE) in peripheral blood.Methods:This study included 24 gestational-age-matched healthy pregnant women and 46 pregnant women diagnosed with mild PE (MPE,n=24) or severe PE (SPE,n=22) during the third trimester of gestation.An 3 ml sample of peripheral blood was drawn from each subject and anti-coagulated with heparin sodiurm The percentage of CD8 + CD25 + FoxP3 + Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry.The cytokines IL-6,IL-17A,IL-10,IL-1,IL-33 and TGF-β31 were detected using Luminex200.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated frum healthy controls and treated with IL-33,the percentages of CD8+ CD25+ FoxP3 + Treg cell were measured by flow cytometric detection.Results:Compared to that of healthy pregnant controls [0.48(0.21-0.96)％],MPE patients [0.32(0.19-0.63)％] and SPE patients [0.13(0.02-0.41)％] had lower percentages of CD8+CD25+FoxP3+Treg cells (P＜0.05).Compared to HP controls,higher levels of IL-6 and IL-17A were found in MPE and SPE patients(P＜0.05) and even higher in SPE patients.The levels of IL-10,IL-1[β and IL-33 were similar in all three groups (P＞0.05).Compared to HP contruls,the levels of TGF-[β1 was significantly increased in SPE and MPE patients(P＜0.05),but no significant differences were found between these two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The percentage of CD8+ CD25+ FoxP3+ Treg cells showed a negative correlation with the serum concentrations of IL-17A (r =-0.338,P =0.338),and a positive correlation with the serum concentrations of IL-33 (r =0.548,P =0.548).After PBMCs were treated with IL-33 for five days,the percentages of CD8+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg were significantly higher than those of the contruls (P＜0.05).Conclusion:These findings suggested that the reduced CD8+ CD25 + FoxP3 + Treg cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of ore-eclamosia.

Atomic force microscope (AFM) has become a well-established technique for biological sample imaging under physiological conditions. The unique capacity to produce nanometer scale resolution images with simple specimen preparation enables AFM to serve as a powerful tool in neurobiology research. Extensive studies suggest that the conversion of beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide from soluble forms into fibrillar structure is a key factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AFM has provided useful insights at all stages of Abeta fibrillization, thus making therapeutic strategy possible. In this brief review, the principles and techniques of AFM and their effects on the pathogenetic study of AD, especially on the study of Abeta and Abeta oligomer are outlined.
Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; metabolism ; Humans ; Microscopy, Atomic Force

Objective To investigate the therapeutic action of Taurine in patients with cerebral infarction(CI)induced by hyperhomocysteinemia(Hhcy).Methods The 100 CI patients induced by Hhcy were randomly divided to two therapy groups.One group was administered Taurine,the other group was administered Folacin combined with Vitamine B12 for 8 weeks.Before and after treating,the serum levels of homocysteic acid(Hcy),Folacin and Vitamine B12 were detected,NIHSS and BI were evaluated.Results The serum levels of Hcy were significantly decreased after administering in both two groups(all P

Objective To study the possible mechanisms by which repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) pretreatment antagonizes seizures induced by lithium chloride-pilocarpine and any correlation with antiapoptosis in hippocampal CA1 neurons.Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into a control group, a sham stimulation group and an rTMS pretreatment group. The rTMS pretreatment group was pretreated on 7 consecutive days with low-frequency rTMS (0.5 Hz, 75％ of threshold intensity, 20 times/bundle, and 5 bundles/d), while the sham-stimulation group was sham-stimulated with a similar sound. Lithium chloride-pilocarpine ( LPC ) was used to induce a model epileptic state.Epileptic stroke latency and severity were recorded ; neuronal morphology was observed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining; mean positive-reactive cell number and mean optical density and absorbance of B cell lymphoma/leukemia gene-2 (Bcl-2) were recorded, and Fas and Caspase-3 protein in the hippocampal CA1 region were observed with immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the sham stimulation group, epileptic latency in the rTMS pretreatment group was significantly longer. Seizures in the rTMS pretreatment group were less severe, and a number of degenerated neurons were observed to be apoptotic. Bcl-2 protein expression increased at each time point, but Fas and Caspase-3 protein expression decreased.Conclusions rTMS pretreatment has an anti-epilepsy effect. The possible neuronal protection might be produced by regulating the expression of Bcl-2, Fas and Caspase-3 protein in the hippocampus.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of voiding dysfunction after mid-urethral sling surgery for stress urinary incontinence.Methods Clinical data of 573 consecutive patients undergoing midurethral sling surgery from January 2003 to December 2010 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.All relative risk factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate Logistic analysis to identify risk factors of voiding dysfunction.Results Voiding dysfunction occurred in 28 patients,with an incidence of 4.9％ (28/573).Univariate analysis showed that age,previous pelvic surgery,pre-operative postvoid residuals,maximum flow rate,average urine flow rate,Valsalva leak point pressure,concomitant anterior pelvic repair and operator performing＜50 procedures were the relative risk factors (P＜0.05) for voiding dysfunction.Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the maximum flow rate (Qmax) ≤ 15 ml/s (OR=3.782,P=0.003) was an independent risk factor for voiding dysfunction and surgery experience was its protection factors (OR=0.295,P=0.016).Conclusions Qmax ≤ 15 ml/s on preoperative urodynamic study is an independent risk factor for voiding dysfunction after mid-urethral sling procedure.Improving skill of surgery and strengthening technical training will help to reduce the incidence of this complication.

Extracellular matrix (ECM)is not only one of current hot-points in medical cell biology,but also one tricky part for undergraduates to learn. This article compared chapters of ECM in medical cell biology courses and spotlighted that ECM chapter was often neglected in some domes-tic universities. Then it analyzed the possible causes,such as variable arrangement of ECM section in current textbooks. Lastly,the article recommended several suggestions,including giving a timely re-vision of the old ECM knowledge,designing an appropriate strategy for teaching,enumerating certain representative diseases to improve the ECM education. It appealed our teachers to pay more attention to how to make the module of ECM master well in near future.