Placental tissues have many cell types with stem/progenitor cell potential and immunomodulatory properties. Moreover, placental tissue is readily available and easily procured without invasive procedures, and its use does not elicit ethical debate. Thus, placental tissue has been a key focus in studies of searching a new source of human stem/progenitor cells. Most of the research published in this area focuses on mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from various parts of the placenta or epithelial cells isolated from amniotic membrane. Considering the complexity of the placenta, an urgent need exists to define the region of origin and methods of isolation of cells derived from this tissue.

Objective To analysis the β-globin gene mutation in β-thalassemia in the population of Wenzhou natives,and identify the major mutation in Wenzhou and further provide valuable information for genetic counseling,prenatal diagnosis and prevention programs in this region.Methods Patients with β-thalassemia were diagnosed and the genomics DNA were extracted from whole blood cells and amplified with PCR,sequenced and compared to the standard sequence.Some mutations were further identified by subcloned.Results 44 of 66 patients were diagnosed β-Thalassemia,9 mutations were found in the 44 sporadic patients with the sequence analysis,2 of which were known polymorphisms(exonl 59,IVS-2-665),3 belonged to the common mutations in Chinese(IVS-2-654,CD_(41/42)-TTCT and TATA box nt-28),2 were scarce abnormalities(CD_(47),CD_(66))and 2 novel variants(-24T→C,CD_(26A)→G,same sense mutation,unreported).Conclusion The mutations of β-globin gene in Han Chinese in Wenzhou are complex (9 mutations found in all),the rare and novel mutations are identified,which provide the valuable information for genetic counseling in Wenzhou.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the variations of mitochondrial gene ATP6 and type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ) and chronic complications. Methods Genomic DNA were extracted from 254 T2DM patients and 165 age-matched controls. After amplification of ATP6 by PCR and direct sequencing, all sequences were compared with the reference sequence (rCRS) to find out the variations. Bioinformatics and statistic method were used to analyze these variations. Results Many variations were detected respectively in T2DM patients and controls, a part of them only appeared in T2DM patients in low frequency, which has not been reported previously. Most of these variations are located in thethird and forth transmembrane helix of ATP synthase subunit 6 (ATPase6). Interestingly, these variationsalmost were detected in the non-obese T2DM patients with hypotension, including G8557A, A8563G,T8594C, C8609T, A8689G, G8998A and G9139A. Conclusions There were many variations in geneATP6 and must of them are mitochondrial SNP, while variations A8689G, T8825C, G8920A, G8998A andG9139A may be mild mutations which my increase the susceptibility of T2DM. G8557A, A8563G,T8594C, C8609T, A8689G, G8998A and G9139A may be associated with the biogenetics diseases suchdiabetes and hypertension.

This paper is devoted to discussing two research patterns of biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and presenting a research strategy for data mining methods. It points out that data mining methods which are based on feature selection are better fit for investigating biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome. Based on such a discussion, the concept of "characteristic pattern" is proposed to bridge the gap between "golden index" and biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome. This paper presents a novel research avenue for investigating biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome.

Objective The purpose of this study is to compare the most comfortable levels and neural re-sponse imaging threshold between children of cochlear implants with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and normal inner ears. Methods Thirty-eight implanted children participated in this study and were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 32 patients with normal inner ears and group B 6 patients with radiographically proven large vestibular aqueduct syndrome. All of the patients were the recipients of the cochlear implants by Advanced Bionics. The initial time for the first programming session was approximately one month after surgery. The psychophysical tests included M- level tests. Programming techniques used in the test were suitable for the age of patients. Sound-Wave 1.4 software was used to test tNRI. Results Using the rank sum test, M-level and tNRI of electrode 3,7,11 and 15 did not differ significantly between group A and B(P>0. 05). Conclusion The parameters of mapping are not significantly different between the implanted children with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome and normal inner ear. The management and procedures of mapping used to the subjects with normal inner ear can be applied to the children with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome.

Objective To investigate the value of prevention of cerebral ischemia with multi-modality neuroelectrophysiological monitoring in intracranial aneurysm embolization. Methods The clinical data of 44 patients with intracranial aneurysm treated with endovascular embolization from May 2013 to June 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they used intraoperative neuroelectrophysiological monitoring. There were 21 patients in a monitoring group and 21 in a non-monitoring group. According to the site of the aneurysms,somatosensory evoked potential ( SEP),motion evoked potential( MEP),scalp electroencephalogram,and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP)were monitored,and at one day after procedure,their newly developed neurological deficits and the follow up observation after 3 months in both groups were compared and analyzed. Results The intraoperative SEP,MEP,and scalp EEG changes in the monitoring group were observed in 9,3 and 4 patients,respectively. Timely preventive measures were taken for 9 of the patients with cerebral ischemia revealed by neuroelectro-physiological monitoring. At the first day after procedure,the incidence of patients with new neurological deficit was 17. 4%(4/23)in the monitoring group,and that was 47. 6%(10/21)in the non-monitoring group. There was significant difference between the 2 groups(χ2 =4. 623;P<0. 05). There was significant difference in the good prognosis rates(87. 0%[20/23]vs. 57. 1%[12/21])after 3-month follow-up (χ2 =4. 919;P<0. 05)between the 2 groups. There were no deaths in both groups. Conclusion Multimode in combination with neuroelectrophysiological monitoring may decrease ischemic complications in aneurysm interventional treatment and improve the safety of procedure.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of osthole on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods Focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model in rat was made by transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery for 2 h and followed by reperfusion for 24 h.Osthole 5 and 10 mg/kg were iv injected through sublingual vein at 1 h after the onset of ischemia,respectively.After 24 h of reperfusion,the influence of osthole on neurological behaviour deficit score,brain edema,and infarct size were evaluated.The activity of Na+,K+-ATPase,Ca2+-ATPase,and myeloperoxidase(MPO)in the ischemic hemisphere cortex of the middle cerebral artery area was assayed by spectrophotometry.The level of IL-8 was detected with radioimmunoassay.Results Osthole significantly reduced the neurological behaviour deficit score,brain edema,and infarct size,enhanced the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase,inhibited the activity of MPO,and decreased the level of IL-8 in the brain tissue.ConclusionThe results suggest that osthole could attenuate the brain damage following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and its mechanism may be partly related to the inhibition of inflammation and brain edema induced by ischemia-reperfusion.

Objective To assess the relationship between polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg194Trp Arg399Gln and ESCC TNM stage and regional lymph node metastasis. Methods PCR and PCR-RFLP were used to detect polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gin. The results were analyzed and compared to TNM staging and regional lymph node metastasis. Results The XRCC1 194Arg/Trp and 399Arg/Arg wildtype in ESCC with metastasis is 32.3%, which is higher than 194Arg/Arg (20.0%, P=0.01). There was no remarkable difference between IIb-IV stage ESCC with lymph node metastasis and 0-IIa stage without metastasis. Conclusion The ESCC patients with 194 variability and 399 wildtype had high metastasis rate, XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln had relationship with ESCC TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Both of them affected to prognosis of ESCC.

This paper aims to find out the use status of medical and sanitary equipment in primary unit. By means of investigating grass-roots health institutions and summarizing practical works, such problems in equipment were detected as standard vacancy, datedness and laggardness, partly absence, nonstandard management, untimely maintenance and low rate of utilization, etc. This paper puts forward some suggestions corresponding to the above disadvantages.

ObjectiveTo study the change of cholinergic neurons of hippocampus of vascular dementia rats after transplantation of the neural stem cells(NSCs) in hippocampus.MethodsAfter the vascular dementia model was reproduced,the rats were randomly divided into transplantation,dementia and pseudo-operative groups.8 weeks after operation,immunofluorescence was used to observe the survivors and migration of neural stem cells.Immunochemistry staining was used to observe the number of ChAT positive neurons in hippocampus.ResultsThe number of the ChAT positive neurons in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus were more significantly increased in transplantation group than that in dementia group. ConclusionChAT positive neurons can be found in hippocampus area of vascular dementia rats after transplanting NSCs into the hippocampus, which seem to be cholinergic neurons.