This study represents the first description of structural variations in the globin beta chains of 19 strains of inbred mice. The trypic pep tide mapping of beta chains of globin from BALB/c, BALB/cA, BALB/cJ, BALBcJ-nu, BALB/nu/ + ,BALB/cyJax,B10,B10A/sui,C57BL/6,C57BL/10snJ,SMMC/B,SMMC/C, C3H/He, CFW, DBA/2,SWI,Swars/nu/+,SSB and 129/sv strains of mice was established. The results showed that the position of peptide spots upon fingerprint mapping of beta chains was obviously different in comparison with each other. The different patterns of variability and polymorphism found in the various mouse species may then have come into being as a consequence of the action of selective forces on the various new beta chains which were created by some exchange processes.

OBJECTIVE: To study the general pattern and characteristics of the ADR induced by lidocaine.METHODS: A total of 44 ADR cases caused by lidocaine reported in CHKD during 2002～ 2006 were collected and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Lidocaine-induced ADR were mostly occurred in local anesthesia and block anesthesia,especially in the first time medication and within ten minutes.ADR could involve multiple organs and systems,and the clinical manifestations were complicated and diversified,which were mainly allergic reactions or even death in severe cases.CONCLUSION: Clinical physicians and pharmacists should be alert to the ADR induced by lidocaine and they should stick to the principle of rational drug use.

Objective In order to study the relationship between the platelet activation sign:P-selectin(GMP 140 ) expression and human IgA nephropathy.Methods Expression of platelet membrane glucoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa(GP Ⅱb ,GP Ⅲa ) in blood for IgA nephropathy patients(n=46) was investigated by flow cytometry methods.Results In IgA nephropathy the up-regulated GMP 140 expression in blood was significantly higher than that in normal humans.Conclusions GMP 140 might play an important role in pathogenesis of IgA nephropahty,and the level of GMP 140 in blood might predict renal outcome in IgA nephropathy.

This paper underlines the composition of OS(Quorum Sensing) systems in Pesudomonas aeruginosa,the resistance mechanism of Pesudomonas aeruginosa and the relevance between QS systems and the resistance mechanism.What's more,it introduces several pathways of the interfering of QS systems to weaken the resistance.These will show a new prospect to the control of bacterial infection.

Objective To investigate the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and mucin MUC5AC in nasal mucosa before and after chronic rhinitis - sinusitis and nasal polyps - endoscopic sinus surgery.Methods 75 cases chronic rhinitis - sinusitis and nasal polyps - endoscopic sinus surgery patients were selected as nasal polyps group and 75 cases of nasal bone fracture or epistaxis patients as the control group from January 2012 to January 2015. Took the samples of nasal polyps before surgery and the maxillary sinus mucosa specimens after surgery six weeks of nasal polyps’ patients and on the edge of the inferior turbinate mucosa specimens of the control group to detect eosinophil count by HE staining, and detect the expression of VEGF and mucin MUC5AC by immunohistochemical staining.Results The specimens eosinophils of preoperative nasal polyp group and postoperative nasal polyp group were higher than that of control group (P < 0.05), the nasal eosinophils of postoperative nasal polyp group was lower than that of preoperative nasal polyp group (P < 0.05). The expression of specimens VEGF and mucin MUC5AC area percentages in preoperative nasal polyp group and postoperative nasal polyp group were higher than that in control group (P < 0.05), the expression of nasal VEGF and mucin MUC5AC area percentages in the postoperative nasal polyp group was lower than that of preoperative nasal polyp group (P< 0.05).Conclusion Eosinophil count and the expression levels of VEGF and mucin MUC5AC of nasal mucosa in chronic rhinitis - sinusitis and nasal polyps - endoscopic sinus surgery preoperative are higher, and reduce at postoperative six weeks, VEGF and mucin MUC5AC may be involved nasal repair.

Objective To identify the efficacy small interfering RNA against Pseudomonas aeruginosa expressing MexA-MexB-OprM efflux pumps.Methods Four siRNA ( siRNA1,siRNA2,siRNA3 and siRNA4) against mexB gene were designed and prepared by electricity transference in vitro.MICs of antibiotic combined with efflux pump inhibitors against multiple resistant strain PAO1 and PAO3 were determined by E-test method.The mRNA expression levels of efflux pump gene (mexB) were quantified by real time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Results siRNA expression vectors were constructed success by enzyme cut method.48 after PAO1 and multiple drug resistant PAO3 transfected with siRNA4,the sensibilities to antibiotic were enhanced.48 after PAO1 and multiple drug resistant PAO3 transfected with siRNAl,siRNA2 and siRNA3,the sensibilities to antibiotic didn't change obviously.48 after PAO1 and multiple drug resistant PAO3 ttransfected with siRNA4,the expression level of mexB was decreased obviously (P ＜ 0.05 ).48 after PAO1 and multiple drug resistant PAO3 transfected with siRNA1,siRNA2 and siRNA3,the expression level of mexB didn't change obviously.Conclusion siRNA against Pseudomonas aeruginosa expressing MexA-MexB-OprM efflux pumps enhanced the sensibility to antibiotic and inhibited the expression of mexB gene.Our results demonstrate the using RNAi may be potential targets for novel therapies directed against treatment of antibiotic-resistant infections.

AIM: To establish a method for determing the dissolution of Breviscapin Dispersive Tablet. METHODS: Breviscapin release was investigated in phosphate BS(pH7.4) by the third method for the release determination (Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 edition).Breviscapin content was assayed by HPLC and the release percentage was then calculated. RESULTS: The average recovery of scutellarin was 101.93%,RSD=(1.09)%.Good linear relationship was shown in the concentration range of 0.007-0.18 mg/mL,r=0.999 9.The dissolution was almost unaffected by rotation rate,but greatly affected by the type of solvent. CONCLUSION: The method is sensitive,accurate and quick for the quality control of Breviscapin Dispersive Tablet.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor in promoting proliferation of spermatogonial stem cell.Methods RNAi expression vectors,targeted at GDNF,were constructed and transfected into SSCs from 5 to 7 days old mice.The SSCs with highest effectiveness of GDNF interfere was set as study group.And the SSCs without GDNF interfere was considered as control group.The ELISA method was used to compare the proliferative rate between study group and control group.Flow cytometry,RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of GDNF,RTKs,Fyn and FAK's mRNA,and the apoptosis of SSCs.Results From 1 to 4 days after transinfection,the absorbable A value in study group was 0.45 ± 0.02,0.68 ± 0.03,1.12 ± 0.03,2.24 ± 0.04,respectively.Meanwhile,the same item in control group was 0.46 ± 0.03、0.73 ± 0.02、1.32 ± 0.05、1.15 ± 0.06,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).There were significant different between experiment groups (25.43 ± 1.91) ％ and control group (5.61 ± 0.16)％ in the apoptosis rates of SSCs (P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were noted between experimental group and control group(P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA expression rates of GDNF was (12.32 ± 1.22) ％ in study group and (54.25 ± 1.34)％ in control group (P ＜0.01).The mRNA expression rates of RTKs and Fyn and FAK in study group and control group were (16.24 ± 1.35)％ vs (45.35 ± 1.37)％,(18.32 ±1.34)％ vs (38.37 ± 1.55)％,(20.04 ± 1.65)％ vs (43.27 ± 1.28)％,respectively (P ＜0.05).Conclusions The glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor was important in course of SSCs' proliferation,which may up-regulating the expression of RTKs,Fyn and FAK.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of low concentrations of p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p′-DDT) on colorectal adenocarcinoma SW620 cell proliferation and apoptosis. METHODS SW620 cells were exposed to low concentrations of p, p′-DDT ranging from 1×10-12 to 1×10-6 mol.L-1 for 48 and 96 h. MTT assay was employed to examine the effect of p,p′-DDT on SW620 cell viability. Different cell stages of cycle and apoptosis rate were determined by flow cytometry after SW620 cells were exposed to 1×10-10 , 1×10-9 and 1×10-8 mol.L-1 for 96 h. Western blotting was used to determine the protein expression of Wnt/ β-catenin signaling components 〔β-catenin, phospho-β-catenin and phospho-glycogen synthase kinase ( GSK) 3β〕, their downstream target proteins ( c-Myc and cyclin D1)and apoptosis related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, procaspase 8 and procaspase 3). RESULTS The viability of colorectal adenocarcinoma SW620 cells was significantly increased after exposure to low concentrations of p,p′-DDT ranging from 1×10-12 to 1×10-7 mol.L-1 for 96 h. p,p′-DDT 1×10-10 , 1×10-9 and 1×10-8 mol.L-1 exposure led to a decreased percentage of SW620 cells in G1 stage(P<0.01) along with an increased percentage of cells in S stage(P<0.01). Meanwhile, the apoptosis rate was signifi-cantly decreased compared with control group ( P < 0. 01). Exposure to p, p′-DDT from 1 × 10-10 to 1×10-8 mol.L-1 induced upregulation of phospho-GSK3β ( Ser9), β-catenin, c-Myc and cyclin D1 in SW620 cells( P <0.01). Moreover, apoptosis related proteins Bcl-2, procaspase 8 and procaspase 3 were unregulated(P<0.01), and Bax level and caspase 3 activity were decreased in p,p′-DDT-stimulated cells(P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Low concentrations of p, p′-DDT exposure activates Wnt/ β-catenin signaling and affects apoptosis-related proteins, which may be involved in p,p′-DDT-induced cell prolifer-ation as well as suppression of cell apoptosis in SW620 cells.

Objective:We probe more direct operation pathways in sphenoidal sinus and saddle area, and take proper measures for correlated diseases which surpass scope of sphenoidal sinus by combining image data, which could prevent serious complication.Method:Under nasal endoscope, the operation approaches we adopted included trans-anterior ethmoid sinus-posterior ethmoid sinus-sphenoidal sinus pathway, trans-meatus nasi superior-posterior ethmoid sinus-sphenoidal sinus pathway, trans nasal septum-sphenoidal sinus pathway and trans-natural opening of sphenoid sinus anterior into sphenoid sinus pathway by taking upper edge of posterior naris as a consistent surgical landmark. Forty-six cases who had sphenoidal sinus mass with bone erosion recieved surgical treatment.Result:Twenty-one cases with cyst and pus cyst of sphenoidal sinus had been healed by trans-meatus nasi superior pathway;1 case with hematoma and organization in sphenoidal sinus had been cleared by trans-meatus nasi superior pathway;3 cases had hematoma and organization in sphenoidal sinus and pseudoaneurysm in internal carotid artery,one of them suffered fatal hemorrhage in surgical exploration, and cured by endovascular embolization, the other two only underwent nasal endoscopic examination,the diagnosis was established by DSA and they received interventional therapy;4 cases with papilloma in sphenoidal sinus had been treated by trans-natural opening of sphenoid sinus approach,and 3 cases were cured,1 case had only partial mass resection as the papilloma offended the outer wall of sphenoidal sinus diffusely;2 cases with cholesteatoma of sphenoid sinus have been removed completely by trans-meatus nasi superior approach;1 case with encephalomeningocele of sphenoidal sinus underwent sphenoidotomy by trans-natural opening of anterior of sphenoidal sinus, and intraoperative puncture showed characteristic cerebrospinal fluid,the exposed meninges were then repaird surgically;1 case with mycosis of sphenoidal sinus had been cured by thorough clearing of the leision in sphenoidal sinus combined with antifungal therapy;3 cases with malignancy of sphenoidal sinus had received major mass resection of sphenoidal sinus by trans-anterior ethmoid sinus-posterior ethmoid sinus approach, and followed with radio therapy and chemotheraphy;5 cases with NPC in-volving sphenoidal sinus had been treated by radio therapy and chemotherapy after pathological examinacation;5 cases with post-operative cerebrospinal rhinorrhea and granulation hyperplasia of sphenoidal sinus had been repaired successfully by trans-meatus nasi superior approach or tans-nasal septum approach.Conclusion:There are various surgical pathways to deal with sphenoidal sinus and correlated diseases under nasal endoscope.The operation will be direct, safe and minimal invasive if we choose the pathway properly. Thin slice CT scan and 3D reconstruction of sella, and DSA or angiography of brain before operation is one of effective means to prevent surgical complications for leisions beyond scope of sphenoidal sinus.