FLT3, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is the most common mutation in AML and has two classes of mutations: internal tandem duplications in the juxtamembrane domain (FLT3-ITDs) and point mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain (FLT3-TKDs). AML patients with FLT3 mutations tend to have a poor prognosis. As an independent factor, the presences of FLT3 mutations play an important role in the origin and development of AML and have prognostic value. Molecular targeted therapy represents a novel and popular therapeutic approach in the world. In this review, we explain clinical value of the FLT3 mutations, mechanism and research progression of the FLT3 inhibitor;and discuss difficulties and perspectives in the research of the FLT3 inhibitor.

West syndrome is one of the most common refractory epileptic syndromes with onsets mostly in infancy.The prognosis is generally poor.The morbidity rate reported in the literature is 0.2‰ to 0.5‰.Hormonal therapies(Adrenocorticotropic hormone and glucocorticosteroid)are recommended as preferred treatment options for West syndrome.It can effectively control spasms, ameliorate recognition impairment, and improve developmental outcomes.The incidence of side effects after hormonal therapy are high, and irritation, hypertension and infection are frequently reported.In this paper, advances in therapeutic mechanism, usage and dosage, short-term effectiveness, long-term effectiveness, prognosis and adverse effects of hormonal therapies are reviewed.

Apoptosis induced byP53 gene is one of the most important mechanisms of signal integration in cells,which identify the cell injury and start downstream apoptotic signals.PIG7 gene is induced byP53 and correlates with metabolism,inflammation and tumor occurence.Here we reviewed the recent findings in the molecular biology ofPIG7 gene and the correlation with human diseases.

Objective: To establish the quality standard for Shenqinaoqing Granule(Radix Astragali, Radix Ginseng, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, etc.) Methods: Astragaloside I of Shenqinaoqing Granule was determined by TLC-scanning, Rhizome Astragali, Radix Ginseng, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Radix Paeoniae alba were identified by TLC. Results: TLC spot developed were fairly clear, and the blank test showed no interference. Astragaloside I showed a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.50～5.05?g and the average recovery was up to 97.10%, RSD was 1.34%. Conclusion: The methods can be effecive for the quality control of the Shenqinaoqin Capsule.

Objective Zinc sulfate has anti inflammatory action in many animal models, however, the effects of zinc in colitis remained uncertain. The present study was to evaluate the role of zinc sulfate in experimental colitis and probe into its underlying mechanisms. Methods Colitis was induced by administrating 2,4,6 trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNB) rectally in Spragur Dawley female rats. Beginning at the first day of TNB colitis, the rats were treated with zinc sulfate enema once daily for 6 days. The rats were sacrificed at days 8. The effects of zinc sulfate were evaluated by examining mucosal lesion area, mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, mucosal prostaglandin E 2(PGE 2) and leukotriene B 4(LTB 4) levels. Results TNB induced severe colitis as evidenced by increased mucosal lesion area, mucosal MPO activity and PGE 2 and LTB 4 levels. Six days after the application of the zinc sulfate enema, the mucosal lesion area, MPO activity, PGE 2 and LTB 4 levels were all decreased significantly, except mucosal SOD activity that was remained unchanged after zinc treatments. Conclusions The data suggest that zinc sulfate enemas have an anti inflammatory action on experimental colitis through the mechanism other than increasing SOD activity.

Objective To analyze the influence of ionizing radiation on the viability of the regulatory T cells and the relationship between the expression of CD39 and apoptosis related factors in mice Treg cells.Methods Mice were administered to whole body irradiation with 2 Gy of γ-rays,then lymphocytes were separated from thymus and spleen.The percentages of CD4 + T and CD4 + FOXP3 +CD25 + Treg lymphocytes,apoptosis related genes of Bax,Bcl-2 and CD39 were analyzed with FACS.Results Treg cells had a higher survival fraction than CD4 + FOXP3-Tcon cells after irradiation,and the time-responses of Treg cells in thymus and spleen were different.The apoptosis rate of Treg cells increased at 4 d after irradiation(t =-3.6,-7.4,P ＜0.05).The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the CD39 expression were increased in thymus Treg cells (t =-3.4,-6.6,P ＜ 0.05),but decreased in spleen Treg cells (t =2.4,2.6,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Thechanges of apoptosis and Bax/Bcl-2 are in consistent with the expression of CD39 in the irradiated Treg cells.

SUMMARY The patient, an 18-year-old girl, was found to have strong positive purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) test and calcified focus in her liver 2 years ago. She denied fever, cough, sputum, weight loss, night sweats, fatigue, and anorexia. After admission, physical examination, laboratory tests, CXR, abdominal CT, colonoscopy and gynecological examination were all normal except for the liver lesions. Percutaneous needle biopsy was performed under sonographic guidance and pathological examination showed caseous granuloma. She was diagnosed as primary liver tuberculosis and the lesions decreased after 2 months’ therapy of isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol. Primary liver tuberculosis could be asymptomatic and manifestated as calcified focus; percutaneous needle biopsy and pathological examination is helpful for the diagnosis. The asymptomatic liver lesions are still an indication for anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Objective To investigate the methods and efficacy of coronary stent placement in patients with myocardial bridge. Methods 4 patients with angina and ST-T changes in ECG were involved in the study. Coronary angiography showed there were 75%～90% systolic stenosis of LAD in all patients. Two of them were regarded as isolated myocardial bridge, and the others were regarded as myocardial bridge associated with atherosclerosis. The length of artery pressed by myocardial bridge was in the range of 10～18 mm. All patients who had repeated angina accepted stenting therapy. One of the stents was Crossflex, three were Nir stents. Stents size: (3.0～3.5)?(12～20)mm. All stents were expanded with 8～10 atm for 30～40 seconds. Results After stenting, coronary angiography showed no residual stenosis. In the follow-up 6～18 months there were no complaints of angina. In two of them, coronary angiography showed there were no restenosis after one year.Conclusion Coronary stenting is an optional method to treat patient who have myocardial bridge and have no efficacy after taking medicines, especially for the patients who have both myocardial bridge and atherosclersis. But futher study in large populations is still necessary.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of adult inpatients with abdominal type Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP)and to compare them with those without gastrointestinal symptoms.Methods The adult inpatients with HSP during January 2000 and December 2005 were reviewed retrospectively,and the clinical features of those with or without abdominal pain were compared.Results Sixty-three patients were included.Thirty-two patients(50.8%)complained of abdominal pain.Of these patients,43.8% had peri-umbilical colicky pain,40.6% middle-upper abdominal pain and 15.6% lower abdominal pain.The other clinical manifestations included nausea/vomiting(15.6%),positive feces occult blood test(50.0%)and elevated blood/urine amylase(25.0%).EGD showed mucosal congestion,red macula,erosion and ulceration mainly in the descending duodenum.Colonscopy showed inflammatory and ulcerative lesions at distal ileum and rectosigmoid.The biopsy pathology showed non-specific inflammatory cell infiltration.There were no differences in age,gender,allergic history and predisposing infection between those with abdominal pain and those without abdominal symptoms.The patients with abdominal pain had more mixed-type HSP(78.1% vs 22.6%,P

ve To improve the method of determination of aluminium in water. Methods The method of aluminium chrome azurol S-cetylpyridinium bromide spectrophotometry was used. Results The improved determi-nation of aluminium revealed perfect linear relationship in determining the standard aluminium solution series at the range of 0. 0-6.0?g/25 ml aluminium. The regression equation was calculated as y = 1. 031x + 0. 008(r=0.9994) . The detection limit was 0.02 mg/L aluminium. The coefficient variation was below 4.90% . The recovery rate ranged from 93.3% to 100.0% . Conclusion The improved method was rapid and easy to operate, suitable for determination of Al3+ in a large number of water samples.