Objective To investigate the clinical epidemiology and clinical features of patients with rubella. Methods Data of clinical epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings of patients with rubella hospitalized in Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from 2002 to 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. Positive rates were analyzed using chi square test. Results Of the 408 patients with rubella,90.0% had histories of contacting with patients with rubella, and 75.5% were students. The common clinical manifestations were fever(71.1%),rash(100.0%),lymphadenectasis(90.0%).Laboratory findings were liver dysfunction(10.3%),myocardial enzyme abnormality(11.8%),WBC decrease(60.0%)and lymphocythemia(70.1%).The differences between adult group(n=125)and children group(n=283)were compared. The numbers of patients with eruption time within 1-2 days were 102 and 264,respectively(X~2=12.823.P＜0.01);those with deflorescence time within 1-3 days were 43 and 129,respectively(X~2=4.447,P=0.035);those with sporadic rash were 108 and 263,respectively(X~2=4.487,P=0.034);those with erythroic rash were 99 and 247,respectively(X~2=4.392,P=0.036);those with eruption order of head to trunk were 104 and 256,respectively(X~2=4.402,P=0.036);those with thrombocytopenia were 10.4% and 2.5%,respectively(X~2=11.686,P＜0.01);those with liver dysfunction were 17.6% and 7.1%,respectively(X~2=10.416,P＜0.01);those with myocardial enzyme abnormality were 20.0% and 8.1 %,respectively(X~2=11.774,P＜0.01),those complicated with broncho pneumonia were 0.8 and 6.7%,respectively(X~2=6.505,P=0.011);those complicated with hepatitis were 17.6 % and 7.1 %,respectively(X~2=7.117,P=0.008);those complicated with myocarditis were 18.4% and 7.1%,respectively(X~2=11.811,P＜0.01) and those complicated with arthritis were 12.0% and 2.8%,respectively(X~2=13.715,P＜0.01).Conclusions Compared with children patients with rubella, the constitutional symptoms of adult patients are more severe, and the proportion of liver and myocardial enzyme abnormality is higher, which should be paid more attention.

Objective To investigate the changes of epidemiological and clinical features of patients with hemmorrhagic fever renal syndrome (HFRS) over past 10 years in Harbin region. Methods The epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data of patients with HFRS in 1995 and 2005 in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The genotypes of Hantaan virus of patients in 2005 having an onset within 5 days were examined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Positive rates in different groups were compared using chi square test. Results One hundred and sixty-five cases were collected, including 78 in 1995 and 87 in 2005. There were significant differences in epidemiological area (X2=10. 483, P<0.05), clinical classification (X2=7. 907, P<0.05), clinical stage (X2=10.500, P<0.05), the variance of total white blood cells (X2=20. 315, P<0.01) and blood sugar changes (X2=9.958, P<0.01) between two groups of patients. Bases on clinical manifestations, there were significant differences in two groups (1995 and 2005): headache, 70.5% and 50.6% (X2=6.812, P<0.01); lumbago, 60.3% and 40.2% (X2=6.598, P<0.05); fossaorbitalis pain, 50.0% and 19.5% (X2=17.019, P<0.01); melena, 60.3% and 40.2% (X2=6.598, P<0.05); bleeding point and eeehymosis, 50.0% and 33.3% (X2=4.715, P<0.05) ; flush of faee, neck and upper chest, 59.0% and 40.2% (X2=5.782, P<0.05); membrane-like object in urine, 44.9 % and 29.9% (X2=3.964, P<0.05) rates of thrombocytopenia, 79.5% and 64.4% (X2=4.615, P<0.05) ; rates of liver dysfunction, 50.0% and 80.5% (X2=17.019, P<0.01); rates of cardiac muscle enzymoiogy dysfunction, 50.0% and 92.0% (X2=36.003, P<0.01). The genotypes of patients in 2005 were Hantaan virus (34.8%) and Seroul virus (65.2%). Conclusion The differences in epidemiological and clinical feature of patients with HFRS over past 10 years may be related with the change of virus genotypes, and further study should be done.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of total parenteral nutrition for patients with tetanus. Methods:TPN was used in 13 tetanus patients. The nutrition parameters were recorded in these patients and compared with those in 25 tetanus patients without TPN. Results:Compared with the control, body weight, albumin, Hb, peripheral lymphocyte count in TPN group were higher and the complication and mortality were less. Conclusions:Total parenteral nutrition can improve nutrition parameters and prognosis of tetanus patients.

Objective To establish an accuracy test method for MDCT dose assessment based on information in DICOM images.Methods The type of MDCT studied in this paper was widely used in clinical practice.A software package developed by java language was used to automatically read doserelated information from DICOM files of MDCT.The CTDIvol and DLP of each pectoral or abdominal scan was calculated based on these information and the basic scan parameters such as collimation,mAs and pitch.The calculated values were compared with the displayed values.Results For pectoral scans,the difference between the calculated and displayed values was between-2％-8％ for CTDIvol,and-2％-5％ for DLP.For abdominal scan,the difference between the calculated and displayed values was 0-2％ for CTDIvol,and-2％-3％ for DLP.Conclusions This method is useful for MDCT dose assessment and is worth disseminating its application for general use.

Male late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) has seriously affected the quality of life in elderly men.The pathogenesis of this disease is related with growing old,endocrine function degradation and hormone levels decreased.The core principle of the western medicine treatment is to supple the androgen,but recent discovery found that long-term androgen supplementation have certain side effects,which will increase the benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer risk.Traditional Chinese medicine treatment has a unique advantage in treating this disease,it can regulate the body's endocrine and hormone levels,and delay aging.So it can improve the conditions of palpitations,insomnia,irritability,sweating,sexual loss,fatigue,weakness and other symptoms.Now we reviewed the theory of governance,classical prescriptions,self prescription treatment,acupuncture therapy,and exercise therapy from the aspect of traditional Chinese medicine.

ObjectiveTo observed the effects of auricular point sticking auxiliary treatment on ⅢB chronic prostatitis.Methods20 patients with ⅢB chronic prostatitis were assigned to auricular point sticking combined with KeDuo-Hua therapy (trial group) or KeDuo-Hua therapy alone (control group).In 1 month of treatment cycles,the improvement of NIH-CPSI score was observed.ResultsThe pain or discomfort symptoms,voiding symptoms,quality of life score were (14.65±2.06),(5.80± 1.06),(8.05± 1.23) in the trial group respectively,and (14.10±2.05),(5.65± 1.31),(7.45±1.50) in the control group respectively before treatment; these values turned to (5.80±0.83),(2.80±1.15),(3.75±0.76) in the trial group,and (8.90±1.10),(2.90±1.37),(4.20±1.77) in the control group respectively after the treatment.The difference between the two groups was significant (P＜0.05).ConclusionAuricular point sticking auxiliary treatment of ⅢB prostatitis is effective.

Objective To study the epidemiological and clinical features of the patients with forest encephalitis. Methods The epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data and prognosis of forest encephalitis patients with forest encephalitis virus-specific antibody positive were retrospectively analyzed. Results The onsets of 79 patients with forest encephalitis were mainly in May to August. Fifty-six of them were forestry workers, 9 were forest beekeepers, 8 were inhabitants with experience of getting potherb and 6 were tourists. Of the 79 patients, cases with mild, moderate and severe type were 5, 35 and 39, respectively; 7 cases died and 13 presented sequelae, such as head drooping, paralysis of the upper extremities, epilepsy, trembling and psychonosema. All 79 patients presented fever, headache, nausea and vomiting; and some of them presented other symptoms including 32 (40.5%) conscious disturbance, 74 (93.7%) neck rigidity, 74 (93.7%) meningeal irritation sign positive, 20 (25.3%) convulsion, 38 (48.1%) complexion flush, conjunctiva and oral mucosa congestion, 19 (24.1%) neck, shoulder, upper extremity muscle and limbs paralyzed, 4 (5.1%) respiratory muscle paralysis and 3 (3.8%) dysphagia. The abnormal laboratory findings included that 60 (80.0%) elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure, 66 (88.0%) increased cell counts, 65 (82.3%) diffused and scattered slow waves on electroencephalograms, 8 (10.1%) liver dysfuncted and 18 (22.8%) elevated cardiac muscle enzymes. Conclusions Forest encephalitis is characterized by hyperpyrexia and central nervous system damage. The morbidity of severe patients is high, and the sequelae are common as well, to which we should pay much attention.

Objective To evaluate the inhibitory effect of photocatalytic titanium dioxide (TiO2)on the growth of a human epidermal squamous cell carcinoma cell line A431 and its mechanism.Methods Cultured A431 cells were classified into various groups to remain untreated (blank control group),be treated with different concentrations (100,200,300,400,500,600 mg/L) of TiO2 nanoparticles alone or in combination with ultraviolet (UV,main wavelength 253.7 nm,power 30 W,distance 30 cm,exposure duration 15 min) irradiation.After additional culture for different durations,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate cell growth,annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (PI) double staining to observe cell apoptosis,and Rho123 staining to determine mitochondrial transmembrane potential.Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 13.0 software.Analysis of variance (AOV),t test and Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) test were performed to assess the differences in these parameters between these groups.Results The growth of A431 cells was inhibited by pretreatment with TiO2 nanoparticles followed by UV irradiation,and the inhibitory effect was enhanced as the dose of TiO2 nanoparticles increased.As AOV and SNK test showed,there were significant differences in the growth inhibition rate among A431 cells treated with different concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles at the three time points (24,48 and 72 hours) after UV irradiation (n =6,F =21.54,77.56,20.27,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).No statistical inhibition was observed in the growth of A431 cells treated with TiO2 nanoparticles alone compared with untreated A431 cells (all P ＞ 0.05).Photocatalytic TiO2 nanoparticles also induced the apoptosis but decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential in A431 cells.In detail,the apoptosis rate was 8.86％ ± 0.22％,11.72％ ± 0.29％ and 31.24％ ± 0.78％ in A431 cells treated with TiO2nanoparticles of 100,200,400 mg/L followed by UV irradiation,respectively,compared to 2.69％ ± 0.28％ in the blank control group (n =3,F =256.61,P ＜ 0.05).Decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential (expressed as total fluorescence intensity) was observed in A431 cells treated with TiO2 nanoparticles of 100,200,400 mg/L followed by UV irradiation compared with blank control group (758.48 ± 15.42,676.60 ± 14.35,557.71 ± 13.12vs.2943.65 ± 70.26,F =208.57,P ＜ 0.05,n =3),and SNK test also revealed statistical differences between these groups.Conclusions TiO2 nanoparticles combined with UV can inhibit the growth of but induce the apoptosis in A431 cells,which may be associated with the reduction in mitochondrial transmembrane potential in A431 cells,while TiO2 nanoparticles alone show no inhibitory effect on the growth of A431 cells.

Objective To observe the effects of Bupi-Guhuo decoction in treating astringent Ⅰ,Ⅱ degree of female stress urinary incontinence.Methods 70 Women patients with stress urinary incontinence in outpatient of urology of Xiyuan Hospital of CACMS from December 2012 to October 2011 were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 35 cases in each group.The treatment group was treated with Bupi-Guhuo decoction,twice daily,1package per time; while the patients in the control group were treated with pelvic floor muscle training therapy.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.Results The score of ICS-Q-SF and the amount of urinary incontinence comparison:2 weeks after treatment [the treatment group was (6.42～0.79) and (8.85～ 1.07) g respectively; the control group was (6.81～0.91) and (9.35～ 1.23) g respectively].Both groups had obvious improvement than before the treatment [the treatment group (7.73 ～ 1.52) and (12.92 ～2.08) g respectively,the control group was (7.71～ 1.48)and (13.28～2.43) g respectively] (P＜0.01).4 weeks after the treatment [treatment group was(2.68～0.91)and(2.62～1.08) g respectively,the control group was (6.25～0.81) and (8.02～ 1.32)g respectively].Compared with the effects of 2 weeks after treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01) in the treatment group,while with no significant change (P＞0.05) in the control group.At the 2 weeks,4 weeks treatment,the effects in the treatment group and the control group had statistical difference (P＜0.05 or 0.01).(②)Clinical curative effect comparison:After treatment,the total effective rate was 67.7％ (21/31) in treatment group and 37.0％ (10/27) in the control group,showing significant difference (P=0.000,P＜0.01).Conclusion Bupi-Guhuo decoction had better therapeutic effects than pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of female Ⅰ,Ⅱ degree of stress urinary incontinence,also with a time-effect relationship.

The need analysis of information resource for appropriate health technologies is important for the related information transmission channel and promotion of those technologies at primary level.This paper introduces the current status of the information resource construction of appropriate health technologies in China,and analyzes the needs and means of transmission in terms of users,holders and spreader,taking Zhejiang as an example.Methods of literature review,questionnaire survey,interview,and symposium were employed.