Objective:To explore the correlation factors of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) suffered infection in hospital during induction remission. Methods:The clinical data of 51 children with ALL suffered infection in hospital during induction remission were analyzed. Results:All the 51 patients got infected, the infection in patients who suffered neutropenia were hard to control. The infections commonly occurred in respiratory and digestive system,skin or mucous. Conclusion:Positive results of etiology were uncommon,and mortality of children is less than that of adult.

Objective To study the characteristics and differential diagnosis of obsolete pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied withperipheral lung carcinoma.Methods CT findings of obsolete pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied with peripheral lung carcioma in 20 cases were retrospectively analysed.Results In 20 patients ,12 cases were diagnosed correctly because of them with typical CT findings of peripheral lung carcinoma,while 8 cases were misdiagnosed because of atypical CT findings of lung carcinoma.Conclusion Obsolete pulmonary tuberculosis accompained with peripheral lung carcinoma is common seen,atypical lung carcnioma is easily misdiagnosed.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of dibenzazepines ( DBZ ) injection on pulmonary hypertension in rat. Methods Rat models of pulmonary hypertension were established, and 30 male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group with saline injection, pulmonary hypertension model control group with hypoxia treatment and saline injection, DBZ group with hypoxia treatment and DBZ injection. The right ventricular pressure was determined by ultrasound cardiogram.Pulmonary arterial remodeling was detected by HE staining.Proliferation cell nuclear antigen and CCK-8 in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells were detected by Western blotting. Results The right ventricular pressure of pulmonary hypertension group was significantly increased compared with normal control group [(4.60±0.16) kPa vs. (3.37±0.18) kPa(P<0.01)].After hypoxia treatment, pulmonary arterial remodeling and proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells of the rats of pulmonary hypertension group were augmented remarkably. Rats from DBZ group showed reductions in right ventricular pressure, amelioration in pulmonary arterial remodeling and suppression in proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. The proliferation of rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells decreased significantly in DBZ treated group [(2.073±0.064) vs.(4.392±0.013)] compared with model control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Notch pathway takes part in the process of pulmonary hypertension, and DBZ injection can significantly suppress the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells with a protective effect on pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To study the effects of Yixinyin on viral myocarditis.Methods The beating myocardial cells were obtained from the ventricular myocardium of newborn Sparaque- Dawley (SD) rats and were incubated with Coxsackie B3 virus for 48 hours to establish the experimental model of viral myocarditis.With Yixinyin- contained serum added, the beating rate and survival rate of myocardial cells,and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase were measured at the 1st, 3rd and 5th day after infection. Results Serum contained Yixinyin can increase the beating rate and survival rate of the infected myocardial cells,and decrease the activity of lactate dehydrogenase significantly. Conclusion Serum contained Yixinyin has significant protective effect on myocardial cells infected with Coxsackie B3 virus in SD rats.

The common problems for non-special pediatric medical practitioners in the depart-ment of hematology include short-time of rotation, weak foundation of pediatric hematology and low enthusiasm of learning. The entrance education was highlighted in order to make refreshers familiar-ize with the severity of illness and eliminate the medical error. Basic theoretical study was strength-ened aiming at improving clinical skill and enhancing the learning interesting. Method of doctor-patient communication was reformed to reduce medical disputes.

Objective To investigate the role of microRNA-21(miR-21) on cardiac fibroblast proliferation and dif-ferentiation in the mouse model of myocardial infarction. Methods The mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) was es-tablished by ligation of the left coronary artery in male C57BL/6 mice(MI group). The echocardiographic assessment and his-tological evaluation were performed after ligation. The expression levels of miR-21 were measured by quantitative real-time PCR in the various myocardial tissues. The cardiac fibroblasts transfected with miR-21 mimic were over-expressed miR-21. The proliferation was assessed by immunostaining for 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EdU). Western blot assay was used to detect the expression ofα-SMA and Smad7 in the cardiac fibroblasts,and compared with control group and blank group. Results The expression of miR-21 was significantly increased in border area in MI group than that of sham group [(6.043 ± 0.231)×10-4 vs(1.620±0.451)×10-4,P<0.01]. There was a higher expression of miR-21 in miR-21 mimic group than that of control group and blank group [(4.839±0.705)×10-4 vs(1.143±0.064)×10-4 vs(1.017±0.201)×10-4,P<0.01]. The EdU positive rate was significantly higher in miR-21 mimic group than that of control group and blank group[(27.892±1.645)%vs(12.553 ± 1.227)% vs(13.946 ± 1.550)%,P<0.01]. The expression of α-SMA was significantly increased in miR-21 mimic group, while the expression of Smad7, a target gene of miR-21, was significantly decreased. Conclusion The over-expression of miR-21 in cardiac fibroblasts disrupts TGF-βsignaling pathway by reducing the expression of Smad7, which promotes the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblast, and finally regulates cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction.

Objective To evaluate the treatment of current status and prognosis in childhood APL with APL2008 ,which was administrated since 2008 in our center .Methods A total of 43 children with newly diagnosed APL between 2008 to 2014 were studied retrospectively .Treatment options and current status were summarized from 28 patients who received APL2008 therapy . Results Studied 43 patients were at median age of 8 years and 4 months ,with 28 boys and 15 girls .The main clinical manifestations were infection ,anemia ,bleeding ,fever ,hepatomegaly ,splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy .The proportions of low ,intermediate and high risk groups were 27 .9% ,48 .8% and 23 .3% ,respectively .Eleven cases could be diagnosed as DIC .Bone marrow morphology showed abnormal elevation of promyelocyte .37 patients had distinctive immunophenotype such as frequent expression of CD33 , CD117 and MPO .PML/RARαfusion gene positive rate was 100% in 43 children and cytogenetic analysis were positive in 37 cases , of which specific genetic lesion in APL cells with t (15 ;17)(q22 ;q12) was found in 28 cases ,and karyotypes was found in 9 cases as infrequent chromosomal abnormalities .In 43 patients ,4 cases were early dead from intracranial hemorrhage at early stage ,and 11 cases were given up early .There were only 2 cases dead ,2 cases relapsed and 1 case lost among 28 APL children ,which enabled ef‐ficacy analysis possible .96 .4% of these 28 cases achieved HCR .The 2 year Kaplan Meier estimates of OS and EFS were 85 .9% ± 7 .6% and 80 .4% ± 8 .8% .But OS and EFS would be 94 .7% ± 5 .1% and 88 .9% ± 7 .4% if 3 patients who had non standard treat‐ment were excluded .Conclusion Childhood APL were characterized by anemia ,bleeding ,fever and infiltration .APL′s coincidence rate between PML/RARa fusion gene and morphology ,immunology and cytogenetics were 95 .3% ,90 .2% and 86 .5% ,respective‐ly .APL2008 significantly improved the prognosis of APL .

Objective To study the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (Trem-1)in psoriatic vulgaris and normal skin tissues and blood,and to explore the potential pathogenesis of psoriasis.Methods Immunohistochemistry and Real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of Trem-1 in the blood and tissues of normal skin and psoriasis.Results The positive expression rate of Trem-1 in psoriatic lesion was significantly higher than normal tissue.Trem-1 was expressed in the whole epidermis,with a significant difference (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of Trem-1 was significantly higher in psoriatic skin tissues and blood than in normal skin tissues and blood (P<0.05).Moreover,the mRNA expression of Trem-1 was positively correlated with PASI (P<0.05).Conclusion Abnormal expression of Trem-1 might be related to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Trem-1 will cure psoriasis vulgaris as the potential therapeutic target.

Objective To investigate the relationship between EVI1 gene expression and clinical features and prognosis of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods EVI1 gene was detected in AML children, correlation of clinical and lab features, prognosis of AML children with EVI1 gene were analyzed. Results EVI1 expression is positive in 38 of 145 children with AML. There were no significant differences in age, gender, hemoglobin concentration, leukocytes and platelet count, subtype of morphology, ratio of chromosomal anomaly and complex karyotypes between EVI1 positive and EVI1 negative group (P>0.05); coexist genes were detected in 9 cases (23.68%) of EVI1 positive group. Rate of complete remission (CR) was 91.67% in 24 cases of EVI1 positive patients received chemotherapy. Relapse rate was 64.29% and 14.29% in EVI1 positive patients who received chemotherapy and allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), retrospectively and significant differences were found (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in CR but significant difference was found in event free survival (P<0.05) for EVI1 positive and EVI1 negative patients who received chemotherapy. EVI1 gene kept negative when bone marrow relapse occurred in two patients with EVI1 positive at diagnosis. Conclusion EVI1 gene may play adverse role in pediatric AML; prognosis of EVI1 positive AML patients can be improved by allo-HSCT; follow-up of EVI1 transcript levels is insufficient to monitoring of minimal residual disease.

Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior related to stroke and rehabilitation in the stroke patients and their relatives. Methods Questionnaires were performed in 60 stroke patients and 100 relatives. Results 71.7% patients knew "what is stroke". 40% knew "hypertension is the most risk factors of stroke". 45% patients and 41% relatives knew that the risk factors for stroke were hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking and drinking. 35% patients and 29% relatives learned that the prevention of stroke should start being young. 50% patients did not understand post-stroke rehabilitation. Patients learned some to limit their smoking, alcohol, salt intake and alter their personality. More than 80% relatives wished to help the patients abstain smoking, limit fat and salt. 55% patients agreed to control the blood pressure. About 40% patients or their families did not know it was necessary to monitor the blood pressure and lipid, 70% relatives would help the patient exercise. Less than 50% patients began to treat their hypertension, heart disease and diabetes. 40% accepted low-fat diet and regular exercise. 35% measured their blood pressure and lipid regularly, or go to the hospital for the medical examination. Conclusion At present, the knowledge, attitude and behavior related to stroke and rehabilitation in stroke patients and their relatives need to be improved.