Objective s To train postgraduate medical students the ability of effectively using network resources and independently studying,and to explore new model of clinical liver cancer teaching. Methods The teaching model of problem-based learning (PBL) to clinical liver cancer teaching was applied. Results The teaching model of PBL changed graduate student the status of passive acceptance to active participation. The teaching process was full of livingness,and the teaching quality was improved. Conclusion The teaching model of PBL can break through the limitations of passive acceptance of book knowledge in traditional teaching model and improve the ability to handle the comprehensive clinical knowledge of liver cancer,which provides a new model to the teaching of liver cancer to graduate medical students in clinic.

Objective To investigate the effect of Biyankang Tablets on quality of life and recurrence rate in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Methods A total of 78 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis treated in our hospital during October 2014 to November 2016 were selected, and they were randomly divided into the control group and the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group according to the order of admission, with 39 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with FESS, and the TCM group was additionally treated with Biyankang Tablets. The clinical efficacy, inflammatory factors [interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-8 (IL-8)], the prognosis [visual analogue scale (VAS) score of rhinosinusitis and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30)], drug safety and recurrence rates in the two groups were observed. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of treatment in TCM group was significantly higher than that in the control group (89.74% vs 71.79%) (χ2=4.044, P<0.05). After treatment, IL-4, IL-8 and VAS scores in the two groups were significantly decreased, and the scores of EORTC and QLQ-C30 were significantly increased, and the changes of scores in TCM group after treatment were more significant than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups, and the recurrence rate in TCM group was significantly lower than that in the control group in 1 year after treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion TCM Biyankang Tablets is significantly effective in the treatment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis after FESS. It can significantly inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors, effectively improve the prognosis and quality of life, and significantly reduce the recurrence rate.

Objective This study investigates the effect of collectivism-individualism on parenting goals of middle school students' parents. Methods COLINDEX and Kohn's Parental Values Survey were used. 378 parents participated in the study. Results Fathers had higher score(3.23±0.73) on individualism than do mothers (3.05±0.44,F(1,359)=5.25,P <0.05);and highly educated (college or above) parents had higher scores(4.00±0.86) than do those with less education(for senior high school:3.91±0.81; junior high school or below:3.83±0.97,F(2,363)=4.72,P <0.01). Regression analysis indicated that collectivism had significant effects on goals of "take responsibilities and adapt to environment" ( P <0.01) and "conform to norm and obey parent" ( P <0.01). Both collectivism and individualism had significant effects on goal of "explore and be enterprising" ( P <0.05;P <0.01). Conclusion Parents with high collectivistic value expected their children to assume responsibilities,to adapt to the society,to adhere to norms and to obey authority. However,parents with high individualistic value encouraged their children to be independent and enterprising.

Objective To explore the construct validity of collectivism and individualism scale( COLINDEX) and the reliability and construct validity of its Chinese revision;and to study the development of middle school students' value. Methods The revised scale was used and 5875 middle school students were tested. Resuits Two-factor model of COLENDEX was not substantiated by data,while three factors were abstracted by EFA and confirmed subsequently by CFA. Four factors were abstracted from the Chinese revision of COLINDEX, and four-factor model was confirmed. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the total scale (0.90) and four sub-scales (0.84,0.76,0.84 and 0.74 )were all significantly high. MANOVA was performed to detect gender and grade differences of means in the four dimensions of the revised scale. The main effects of gender and grade reached the significant level; however, interaction between them did not. Conclusion Collectivism and individualism, two dimensions of Chinese middle school students' value, were not mutually independent. The revised version of COLINDEX was qualified to be used in further research. The grades on collectivistic items of middle school students were higher than those on individualistic items.

Objective: To research the application of perspective imaging of intense laser proton beam in tumor cells, experi-ments are carried out on an ultra-intense picosecond pulsed laser facility, and the results of perspective imaging on biological samples by high energy proton beam, which is excitated among the interaction of picosecond laser with solid target, is showed. Methods: The laser energy is 12 J, the pulse width of laser is 1.5 ps, the laser focal spot diameter is 15 μm, the coefficientf or the off-axis paraboloid lens is 1.5. The target used in the experiment is made by coating a CH film with 1 μm on the back of the 15 pan-thick Cu. The distance between the proton source (laser spot) and the ant sample is 7 mm (i.e. the object distance), the distance between the sample and the RC film is 63 mm (i.e. the image distance). The detector is a stack of RCF or CR-39 films. Results: The ant is taken as the sample, a high energy proton beam, which is excitated as above on the rear surface of target, makes a 2-dimensional perspective imaging of an ant with high contrast, nanometer spatial resolution and density reso-lution. Conclusions: The result provided possibility of the application of perspective imaging of intense laser proton beam in tumor cells.

Objective To understand the incidence trend of ventilator -associated pneumonia(VAP)in ICU and to evaluate the effects of the interventions on the incidence of VAP,so as to provide scientific evidences for the prevention of VAP.Methods A study of 149 patients with VAP occurred in the 3 710 patients of ICU before and after intervention during 7 /2010 -12 /2014 in Wujin People's Hospital,Changzhou city was conducted.It was divided into two stages:baseline survey and stem expectations,VAP interventions included:training and education,chlorhexidine oral care and maintain appropriate endotracheal tube cuff pressure,elevated head of bed to up to 30°and improved hand hygiene.Hospital infection control professionals collected the number of patients,basic information,length of hospital stay,days of receiving mechanical ventilation and the VAP incidence data in ICU.And then change of the VAP incidence of the intervention before and after the intervention was compared and evaluation of the effect of combined intervention measures.Results Prospective data from 3 710 patients hospitalized in ICU were collected for an aggregate of 14 831 days,the utilization rate of ventilator was 55.2%.The occurrence of VAP was 149 cases.The average rate of VAP was 18.2 cases per 1 000 ventilator -day.VAP was associated with a crude mortality of 7.56%and with increased ICU LOS of 13.2d.As the results of the interventions,the rate of VAP was decreased from 52.38 /1 000 during 7 /2010 -6 /2011 to 5.71 /1 000 during 1 /2014 -12 /2014.Conclusion The rate of VAP in the inves-tigated ICU has led to a decreased incidence of VAP under the comprehensive interventions.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of montelukast and ketotifen combind with BCG-PSN(polysaccharide nucleic acid fraction of bacillus calmette guerin for injection) in decreasing the incidence of asthma following brochiolitis.Methods 30 patients with brochiolitis were given montelukast,ketotifen and BCG-PSN,compared with 31 patients with brochiolitis without the treatment.The total course were two months for oral montelukast,three months for oral ketotifen,and six months for injecting BCG-PSN.The time of follow up was over 1 year and the cases of patients developed asthma were investigated,serum level of IgE,IgA,IgG,IgM were tested before and after the treatment.Results After follow up 1 year,1/30(3%) of patents with brochiolitis receiving treatment developed asthma compared with 9/31(29%) of the controls with brochiolitis(P

Objective:To study the effect of recombined TNF ? combined with induction of apoptosis and its relation with expression of bcl 2 in SW480 human colon cancer cells.Methods:The inhibitive effect of 5 Fu and TNF ? was measured by MTT.Apoptosis of colon cancer cells was studied by TUNEL.The expression of bcl 2 gene was determined by immunohistochemical analysis.Results:After SW480 colon cancer cells were treated with combination in various concentration of 5 Fu and 3 000 U/mL of TNF ? for 48 h,MTT assay revealed a significant decrease of relative viability in compasrison to the control.When SW480 colon cancer cells were treated with 3 000 U/mL of TNF ? and 125 ug/mL of 5 Fu in combination for 48 h,TUNEL method showed the number of nick end positive cells was significantly increased in comparison to the control.The expression level of bcl 2 gene lowered significantly than that of the control group.Conclusion:These results confirmed that combined TNF ? and 5 Fu could synergistically induce apoptosis in SW480 cells and decrease the expression level of bcl 2 gene.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of tension-free mesh-plug repair in inguinal strangulated hernia. MethodsUsing the mesh-plug materials (Perfix-Plug) of Bard surgical product company, we performed operation on 19 patients suffering from strangulated indirect inguinal hernia. In these cases,14 patients were older than 60,17 patients had other severe diseases,and 5 cases had small intestine necrosis. ResultsThere was no postoperative mortality. The only complication was scrotal haematoma which occurred in one patient. All the patients retrieved motility two days after operation except those who had intestinal necrosis and underwent intestinal anastomosis. The length of hospital stay was 2 to 4 days or 6 to 7 days respectively in patients without or with intestinal necrosis. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 16 months, and no recurrence was observed. ConclusionTension-free mesh-plug repair has the advantages of safety, minimal invasion and rapid recovery. Meanwhile, this method can be applied to those with intestinal necrosis with satisfactory results.

Objective To study the key technology and initial results of laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with B posthepatitic cirrhosis.Methods From March 2007 to September 2008,37 HCC patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis were treated with laparoscopic liver resection in our hospital.Results Thirty-two patients received successful total laparoscopic liver resection,3 handassisted laparoscopic liver resection,and 2 were converted to open surgery.Anatomic liver resection was performed in 23 patients including 4 left hepatectomy,8 left lateral segmentectomy,1 extended left hepatectomy,2 right hepatectomy,8 segmentectomy.Fourteen patients underwent nonanatomic liver resection.Liver parenchyma was transected under regional hemi-hepatic blood occlusion in 10 patients,under intermittent Pringle's manoeuvre in 15 cases,and without hepatic blood inflow blockage in 12 cases.The mean operative duration was 212 min(76-435 min)and mean blood loss 354 ml(100-1300 ml).Mortality rate was 0%.Six patients developed 9 postoperative complications including intraabdominal hemorrhage in 1 case,ascites and hydrothorax in 3 and encapsulated effusion of liver section in 2.The mean postoperative hospital stay was 8d(4-15d).In a follow-up from 2 to 21 months,3 patients developed intrahepatic tumor recurrence.One of the 3 patients died 6 months after reoperation,and the other 2 received chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation,respectively.Conclusion Laparoscopic liver resection for HCC with posthepatitic cirrhosis in selected patients is a safe procedure with oncologic efficiency.Its advantages include reduced invasiveness,quick rehabilitation,few postoperative complications and short hospital stay.