Objective To obeserve the effects of acute hypervolemic hemodilution(AHH) with hypertonic .sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch 40(HSH 40) on hemodynamics and fluid balance in patients under general anesthesia.Methods Fifty patients undergoing radical surgery for gastral cancer under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups with 25 patients each.Acute hypervolemic bemodilution (AHH) was performed with HSH 40 6 ml/kg in group A or with hydroxyethyl statch(HES) 6 ml/kg in group,which was infused within 30 minuts.HR,MAP,CVP were recorded before(T_0),at 30 min (T_1),60 min (T_2) after infusionand and the end of operation (T_3).The amounts of bleeding,HSH 40 and HES and urine output were recorded as well.Results There were no significant diferences in HR and MAP between two groups at all time points.CVP was sighificantly higher at T_1-T_3 than that at To in two groups.The urine output was more in groups A than that in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion AHH with HSH 40 can effectively expand blood vlume and increase urine output in surgical patients under general anesthesia.

Objective To illustrate the possible sy nergistic effect of arsenic trioxide(Ａｓ ２Ｏ ３) and uroacitides on inductio n of apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）. M ethods HCC cell lines BEL-7402 and Hep G 2 were trea ted with Ａｓ ２Ｏ ３ together with uroacitides for 4 successive days. Cell survi ving fraction was determined by MTT assay, morphological changes were observed b y immunofluorescence staining of Hoechst 33 258, cell cycle and the apoptosis in dex were determined by flow cytometry(FCM). Nude mouse bearing solid liver tumor was used in vivo experiments. Results With uroacitides added at the dosage of 1.0?g/L, apoptotic thres hold of Ａｓ ２Ｏ ３ on hepatoma cell lines was reduced from 5.0??mol/L to 1.0??mol/L (P

Purpose To discuss the value of MRI in the diagnosis of placenta implantation abnormality, and to explore preliminarily the relationship between MRI signs and types of placenta implantation abnormality. Materials and Methods The clinical preoperative data and postnatal pathological findings of 54 women at high risk of placenta accreta were collected. All the patients undertook the conventional pelvic MRI examination. The scanning sequences mainly included: sagittal, coronal and axial T2-weighted imaging-turbo spin echo, balance fast field echo. The MRI images were observed and the areas which showed low signal in all the three directions on T2WI were measured. Then the correlation between the areas of low signal on T2WI in placental and the types of placenta implantation abnormality was analyzed. Results The incidence of placenta implantation abnormality was 64.8% in our research (35/54). The main MRI signs were low signal on T2WI (68.5%, 37/54) and heterogeneous signal in placenta (57.4%, 31/54); the main sign of placenta percreta was tenting bladder (75.0%, 6/8). The types of placenta implantation abnormality were positively correlated with the areas of low signal on T2WI (r=0.454, P<0.05). Conclusion Pregnant women at risk of placenta accreta should be evaluated with imaging examinations, particularly with MRI scanning, to improve disease detection rate. The typical indirect signs of placenta implantation abnormality are low signal on T2WI and heterogeneous signal in placenta. The larger size of low signal area on T2WI in placenta, the deeper implantation of placenta.

Objective To study the plasma antioxidant vitamin status in patients receiving enteral nutrition(EN) or parenteral nutrition(PN) after upper gastrointestinal surgery.Methods One hundred and twenty patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal cancer surgery were randomized into EN and PN group.The plasma vitamin A,vitamin E and ?-carotene levels pre-and post-operation and one week after clinical nutrition supplement were studied.Results Vitamin A and ?-carotene levels decreased significantly after surgery(P=0.03 and P=0.01,respectively).Vitamin E decreased 10 weeks after the nutrition,and it was significantly lower in the EN group than in the PN group(P0.05).Conclusions A decrease of antioxidant vitamins is induced by surgery and vitamin E is recommended to be given in nutrition supplement patients,especially in the patients receiving EN.

BACKGROUND:Stimulation of the pudendal nerve as a target can improve neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury, by adjusting the frequency, intensity, pulse width, as wel as regulating synergistic effect of detrusor and urethral sphincter. OBJECTIVE: To assess the research status of electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve in the treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury. METHODS: We searched the folowing databases for articles addressing electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve for neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controled Trials (CENTRAL), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. The search was updated to July 2014, and the reference lists of the identified studies were manualy screened for additional studies. The study selection and data extraction were independently conducted by two reviewers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fourteen studies were included in this review. We derived the folowing points by analyzing the included studies: Electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve has positive effects on rehabilitation of neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury; pudendal nerve electrical stimulation can modulate the coordination of the detrusor and the external urethral sphincter, improve the bladder compliance and restore bladder function by regulating pudendal-to-bladder reflex and spinal reflexes to the bladder. Electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve may be potentialy implemented as a feasible treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury. More high quality researches should be conducted to clarify the efficacy and the potential active mechanisms of pudendal nerve electrical stimulation for neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury because the number of clinical reports published in this study area is limited, neurophysiological mechanisms underlying biphasic regulation of frequency on bladder function are not wel known, and which intensity of pudendal nerve electrical stimulation is more effective than others for the treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury remains unknown.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Professor Deng's Jinfu An Decoction(JAD)on intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods Ninety patients with intermediate and advanced NSCLC were equally randomized into 3 groups.GroupⅠreceived routine chemical therapy(CT), groupⅡreceived oral use of JAD,which is mainly composed of raw Arisaema cum Bile,raw Rhizoma Pinelliae, Radix Pseudostellariae,Culmus Phragmitis,Poria,Semen Persicae,Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii,Gekko Chinensis,Pseudobulbus Cremastrae seu Pleiones,Radix Salviae Mihiorrhizae,and groupⅢreceived JAD + CT. Three weeks constituted one phase,two phases constituted one treatment courses,and the treatment lasted 2 courses.The changes of clinical symptom and signs scoring,tumor mass,immune function,hemorrheological indexes,and quality of life(QOL)as well as body weight and toxic and side reactions were observed in the three groups.Results The symptom scores decreased in the 3 groups obviously(P0.05).Between the 3 groups,the improvement of QOL in groupsⅡandⅢdiffered from that in groupⅠ(P

Objective To evaluate the storage performance of storage bags for apheresis platelets produced by Shandong Weigao Group Medical Polymer Co .,Ltd ( experimental bags ) with Trima set platelet storage bags produced by the U .S. Gambro BCT as the control .Method One unit of apheresis platelets was divided into two equal parts , added to control blood bags and experimental blood bags respectively .All samples were stored at ( 22 ±2 )℃ with consecutive oscillation . The platelets′count, mean volume, aggregate activity (ADP, THR), pH, glucose, lactate concentration, lactate dehydro-genase concentration , hypotonic shock reaction , expression of CD62P and phosphatidyl serine on surface of cell membrane were detected at 0,3,5 and 7 d respectively.Results There was no significant difference in platelet quality after five days of storage between the experimental group and the control group (t-test, P>0.05).Conclusion Two types of platelet stor-age blood bags have similar storage performance for apheresis platelets .

Objective To describe the prevalence of hyperuricemia of centenarians in longevity areas of China and the risk factors were analyzed. Methods All centenarians in 7 longevity areas were selected,and people aged 40 ～, 60 ～, 80 ～ and 90 ～ were selected randomly in the same 7 areas. The data of demographic data, dieting habits and diseases history were collected by questionnaire survey. Hyperuricemia and associated risk factors, physical examination and biochemical tests were collected. Logistic regression was used to analyze the hypemricemia and its relevant factors. Results The highest prevalence of hyperuricemia was found in centenarian men, which was 12.73％, the highest prevalence of hyperuricemia among 90～ women was 18.75％. The hyperuricemia group were more prone to have hypertension, diabetes, renal function decreased, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high density lipoprotein. Logistic regression analysis showed that renal function declined, high TG, high density lipoprotein hyperlipidemia, blood urea nitrogen increased, drinking were risk factors for hyperuricemia. Conclusion The prevalence of hyperuricemia in people older than 90 years and above in longevity areas is high. The results suggest that the treatment strategy for hyperuricemia should be a comprehensive one that combines preventive measures with medication interventions.

Objective To study the relationship between the medial artery calcification and expression of core-binding factor alpha 1 (Cbf α-1) and collagen Ⅱ (Col Ⅱ) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5 patients.Methods Pieces of radial arteries were taken from 40 patients with CKD stage 5 during internal arteriovenous fistula operation.Ten patients with subtotal gastrectomy and normal renal function were chosen as control.The vessels were examined for calcification by von Kossa stain and for the presence of Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ by immunohistochemistry.According to von Kossa stain,CKD stage 5 patients were divided into no calcification group,mild-moderate calcification group and severe calcification group.Other related factors including serum calcium,phosphate,intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH),C-reactive protein (CRP),triglyceride(TG),cholesterol(TC) and lowdensity lipoproteins(LDL) were also detected.Results Seventeen (42.5％) of CKD Stage 5 patients showed vascular calcification,while calcification was not found in controls.Most calcification occurred in medial layer.Positive immunohistochemical staining of core-binding factor and Col Ⅱ was found in the smooth muscular cell plasma of medial layer in the vessels with calcification.However,above positive staining was also observed in 78.3％ of no calcification group.But there was little staining in control group.Positive staining score of Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ in severe calcification group was significantly higher than that in no calcification group.Same findings were obtained in mild-moderate calcification group,but the difference between them was not statistically significant.CRP and Ca × P were positively correlated with staining score of Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ.Serum phosphate was positively correlated with Cbfα-1 (r=0.786,P＜0.01) and Col Ⅱ (r=0.785,P＜0.01) respectively.Conclusions 42.5％ of CKD stage 5 patients in our group shows vascular calcification,which occurrs mainly in medial layer.High expression of Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ can be observed in vascular calcification of radial arteries,which is earlier than vascular histological changes.Cbfα-1 and Col Ⅱ may be involved in the development of vascular calcification.

Objective To explore the relationship between high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and renal function among people aged 90 years and over in longevity regions in China.Methods Totally 506 subjects aged 90 years and over in 5 longevity areas from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) 2008-2009 were included in the study.Demographic,behavioral and lifestyle parameters and self-reported chronic diseases were collected by general health-related questionnaire.We conducted the physical examination and also measured serum hsCRP and other indicators of renal function.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between hsCRP and renal function.Results The prevalence of elevated hsCRP was 36.6％ in people aged 90 years and over,43.0％ in male and 34.8％ in female.No significant gender difference was observed among them (x2 =2.4184,P=0.1199).The prevalence of elevated hsCRP were 34.4％ in 90-99 years group and 39.2％ in the centenarian group,and there was no significant difference between the two groups (x2 =1.2425,P =0.2650).We found significant statistical difference in prevalence of elevated hsCRP between declined renal function group (42.0％) and normal group (33.3％) (t=3.8450,P=0.0499).The level of serum creatinine were (89.5±37.4) μmol/L in elevated hsCRP group and (81.5±31.4) μmol/L in the normal hsCRP group among the people aged 90 years and over.Significant difference was found between the elevated and normal hsCRP group (x23.8450,P=0.0161).In the multivariate logistic regression analysis,the risk factors of renal function decline were female,smoking,hypertension,hyperuricemia and elevated hsCRPCOR=1.676 (95％CI:1.091-2.573)].Conclusions Elevated hsCRP increases the risk of renal function decline among people aged 90 years and over in China.