Objective: To sum up the therapeutic effect of early enteral nutrition(EN) in postoperative patients with esophageal or cardiac cancer.Methods: The clinical data of 106 postoperative patients with esophageal or cardiac cancer who had received early enteral nutrition treatment were analyzed retrospectively.Results: All the patients recovered well.The occurrence of the serious postoperative complication,such as anastomotic leak,hypoalbuminemia and so on had been decreased.Conclusion: Early EN for postoperative patients with esophageal or cardiac cancer is a physiological nutrition support way.EN can maintain gastrointestinal function and improve nutritional status.

Objective To investigate the pharmacological actions related with therapeutic effect and indications of crude and processed semen cassiae,and to compare the differences between them.Methods Serum contents of ALT and AST were determined in acute liver injury mice induced by CCl4,the intestinal propulsion of Evans blue was measured in normal mice and in constipation mice,and stool properties,defecation latency and defecate amounts in constipation mice were also investigated.Results Both crude and processed semen cassiae showed obvious liver-protective effects,and decreased the contents of ALT and AST in serum,but processed semen cassiae was better than crude in protecting liver.Both of them increased the intestinal propulsion in normal and constipation mice,improved the stool properties,shortened the defecate latency and increased the defecate amounts in constipation mice.Conclusion Both crude and processed semen cassiae have the effects of protecting liver,lubricating bowel and promoting defecation.The processed is superior to the crude in liver protection and enzyme decrease,and they have similar effect in lubricating bowel and promoting defecation.

Objective:Got high purity dendritic cells from PBMC recovered from one time used no leukocytes transfusion apparatus.Methods:Rinsed PBMC with natural salt water from one time used no leukocytes transfusion apparatus and induced PBMC with GM-CSF and IL-4.Results:Got 5.1?10 7 PBMC from every one time used no leukocytes transfusion apparatus and 4.7?10 6 DCs with a purity of 96.9% were obtained.These DCs express CD86(96.1%)?CD40(88.9%)?CD83(91.6%)?HLA-DR(92.9%)?HLA-ABC(99%)?CD54(97.5%) highly and a few number of these DCs could stimulate proliferation of allogeneic mixed leukocyte reactions strongly.Conclusion:The results of this research supplied basic data for further research of DC and its clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different surgical treatments on severe polycystic liver disease (SPLD). Methods A total of 22 patients with SPLD were surgically treated in our Department from December 1989 to July 1999. Of the patients, 5 were treated with the partial hepatic resection in combination with cyst fenestration (group A), 7 with laparotomic fenestration (group B), 4 with laparoscopic fenestration (group C) and 6 with puncture under the guidance of ultrasonography B (group D). The surgical outcome and long term follow up results were retrospectively analyzed. Results After the treatments, all the patients experienced immediate relief of symptoms. However, the follow up for an average of 3 years showed that 10 patients developed recurrence of the disease. The recurring rates were 0, 28.5%, 65.5% and 100% in groups A, B, C and D, respectively. Conclusions The approach of partial hepatic resection in combination with cyst fenestration is the most effective treatment for SPLD. Laparoscopic fenestration may not be an appropriate surgical way for treatment of SPLD.

Objective To study the effect of mitochondrial permeability transition(MPT) after ischemia/reperfusion(I/R), and to find the relationship between MPT and apoptosis of hepatocytes in rats. Methods SD rats were divided into three groups:sham operation group, I/R group, and I/R+CsA group. A model of hepatic I/R in rats was made according to the method of Nauta. Active caspase-3 in cytoplasm was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the content of cytochrome C protein was evaluated by Western blotting. The incidence of apoptic hepatocytes was determined by TUNEL method. Cyclosporine A(10 mg?kg -1?d -1) was used as an inhibitor of MPT owing to its inhibitive effect on mitochondrial permeability transition pore(PT pore), and the influences of CsA were analyzed. Results Pretreated with CsA ameliorated injury after reperfusion. The number of apoptotic liver cells was decreased. CsA significantly prevented the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria, demonstrating its effect on MPT through preventing PT pore from opening. Conclusion MPT may play a key role in the apoptosis of liver cell after I/R. CsA, a powerful inhibitor of PT pore, is capable of abating the effect of MPT, reducing the release of cytochrome C, retarding the activation of caspase-3 and hence ameliorates apoptosis of hepatocytes following I/R procedure.

Objective To study the effect of hypothermia on cerebral mitochondrial respiratory function and ultrastructure after traumatic brain injury(TBI). Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to moderate brain injury by using lateral fluid-percussion(LFP)and randomly divided into sham operation group,normothermic TBI group(rectal temperature for 36-37℃)and hypothermic TBI group(rectal temperature for 31-32℃ lasting for two hours).The ipsilateral brains were dissected and homogenized brain tissues were extracted to obtain mitochondfia by density-centrifugation and speed-centrifugation at 2,24 hours and at days 3 and 7 after TBI.The mitochondrial uhrastructure was studied by electron microscope.The indices of respiratory control rate(RCR)and P/O ratio of mitochondrial respiratory function were measured after oxygen consumption was determined with a Clark-type electrode.Results The mitochondrial uhrastructure of normothermic TBI group was damaged severely while that of hypothermic TBI group kept relatively integrated.The RCR and P/O ratio were markedly decreased two hours after TBI and reached the lowest level at the 24th hour(P＜0.01).At day 7,RCR kept at a lower level compared with sham operation group but P/O ratio recovered to normal.Change of RCR was similar in hypothermie TBI group and normothermic TBI group.However,RCR of the hypothermic TBI group was significantly higher than that of the normothermic TBI group within three days after TBI.In the meantime,P/O ratio recovered to normal three days after TBI. Conclusion Hypothermia can improve cerebral mitochondrial respiratory function and protect the mitochondrial structure after TBI.

Objective To investigate the effect of immediate breast construction using prosthesi after nipple-areola-sparing mastectomy.Methods The immediate breast construction using prosthesi after nippleareola-sparing mastectomy was performed in 26 cases with breast cancer from January 2008 to December 2011 in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital.The postoperative cosmetic results and the complications were observed.The therapeutic effects were followed up.Results All operations were successful.The s,uperior rate of cosmetic result after one month according to JCRT was 88.5 ％ (23/26).No severe complication was found.After a median follow-up of 26 months (range 3-48 months),there was no recurrence and metastasis.Conclusion The immediate breast construction using prosthesi after nipple-areola-sparing mastectomy is maneuverable with satisfactory aesthetic result and the clinical effect,which deserves the further clinical application.

Objective To observe the serum VEGF/ES ratios before and after operation and at clinical relapse in patients with breast cancer, and to discuss the potential effect of tumor surgery and postoperative relapse on the angiogenesis balance. Methods The serum VEGF and ES levels of 59 cases of breast cancer before and after operation and at clinical relapse were determined using competitive enzyme immunoassays and ELISA, (respectively), and compared with the results of 30 cases of benign breast tumors and 59 cases of normal (controls). Results (1) Preoperatively, the serum ES and VEGF levels of breast cancer patients were (significantly) elevated, as compared to the other 2 groups, and the VEGF/ES ratio was 9.1. Postoperatively, at 3 weeks, VEGF level decreased significantly and ES remained at a high level. The VEGF/ES ratio was (3.3). (2)At the time of clinical relapse, serum VEGF level was followed by marked elevation, and the VEGF/ES ratio increased up to 14.2. Multivariate analyses showed that the postoperative VEGF/ES ratio was an independent factor related to the postoperative recurrence of breast cancer. Conclusions Breast cancer surgery may affect the balance between serum VEGF and ES, and the determination of VEGF/ES ratio can have auxiliary value in the assessment of prognosis of breast cancer patients.

Objective To investigate the compliance with endocrine therapy(ET) and assess the factors associated with treatment accuracy for breast cancer.Methods 379 patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer undergoing complete treatment from Jun.2006 to Jun.2008 in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital were followed up.Factors related to compliance were analyzed.Results Among the 322 (85.0％) patients successfully interviewed,15 (4.7％) patients did not receive ET,43 (13.4％) patients stopped taking drugs after discharge,14 (4.3％)patients had intermittent ET,and the rest 250 patients obeyed 5-year oral ET regularly.The treatment accuracy was 77.6％ (250/332).We found that majority of withdraw occurred within 2 months and within 2 years,accounting for 39.5％ and 48.8％,respectively.Job and education status were relevant to these patients.Moreover,too much concern of adverse drug effects and difficulty of long-term medication were the main reasons to noncompliance.Conclusions ET is effective in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients and has been used as a conventional therapy.However,due to the long therapeutic period and lack of medical supervision after discharge,its treatment accuracy and compliances are becoming low,resulting in decreased efficiency.It is therefore necessary to investigate such patients' management to improve the compliance and treatment accuracy of ET.

Objective To summarize our experience on diagnosis and treatment of bilateral primary breast cancer (BPBC). Methods Clinicopathologic records, including clinical manifestations, diagnosis and immunohistochemical expressions of 16 patients with BPBC, treated from 2001 to 2009 in Jiangsu Provincial Cancer Hospital, were analyzed retrospectively. Results The 16 patients with BPBC accounted for 0.47% of all patients diagnosed as malignant tumors of breast during the same period in our hospital. All of the 16 patients were women, with the median age of 53 years (ranged 41-69 years). 7 patients were in bilateral synchronous breast cancer (BSBC), with the median age 47 years (ranged 41-54 years), among whom 5 patients got BSBC just before menopause. 9 patients were in bilateral asynchronous breast cancer (BABC), with the median age 58 years (ranged 43-69 years), among whom 1 patient got BABC before menopause. The median interval between the first and second breast carcinoma of BABC was 52 months (ranged 14-196 months). Conclusions Compared with BABC, the occurrence age of the patients with BSBC was smaller. BABC was more common in premenopausal women. The interval time of BABC was irregular. The active follow-up after the occurrence of contralateral breast cancer and endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-positive patients were recommended.