Diabetes has become a global epidemic disease now. Its chronic progressive deterioration and the acuteand chronic complications affect the quality of the patients' lives seriously. The prevention and treatment of diabetes has become one of the research focuses in recent years. NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3) inflammasome can recognize the metabolic stress signals, and cause caspase-1 activation and interleukin-lp (IL-1p) production, and is closely related to diabetes development. The latest studies have shown that NLRP3 inflammasome will be a new potential target for the treatment of diabetes. This article reviews the activation and regulation of NL-RP3 inflammasome, and the effect of NLRP3 inflammasome on glucose metabolism and its targeted therapy in diabetes.
Carrier Proteins ; Caspase 1 ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Inflammasomes ; Interleukin-1beta ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein

Objective To investigate the effect of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) on lung function and inflammatory mediators in cough variant asthma (CAV).Methods Fifty patients with CVA were randomly divided into group A (n =30) and group B (n =20),and 20 normal cases were recruited as healthy group (group C) in this study.All the cases were given a lung function test,bronchial dilation test(BDT) and serum levels of inflammatory mediators(interleukin(IL)-5,IL-8 and IL-10) assessment.The cases in group A were given longterm ICS intervention therapy of inhaled budesonide aerosol at dose of 200 μg/day with 6 months' follow-up period.The cases in group B and C were given salbutamol and symptomatic treatment if necessary.Assessment about lung function (forced vital capacity (FVC),1 s forced expiratory volume (FEV1),peak expiratory rate (PER) and maximum mid-expiratory flow rate(MMEF)),BDT,and inflammatory mediators in all groups were performed before and after treatment.Results (1) Lung function:before treatment,the level of FVC,FEV1 and PEF in three groups were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05).MMEF in group A and B is significantly lower than that in group C (F =58.40,P ＜ 0.05).In group A,MMEF was significantly improved (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01) after 3 and 6 months ICS treatment.In group B,MMEF was not statistical improvement compared with before treatment(P ＞0.05).The BDT positive rate in group C was significantly lower than that in group A and B.The BDT positive rate in group A decreased after ICS treatment for 3 and 6 months.Meanwhile,the BDT level decreased as the longer treatment.In group B,there was no statistical decrease in terms of BDT positive rate(P ＞0.05).(2)Inflammatory mediators:in group C,the serum levels of IL-5 and IL-8 were lower than those in group A and B,but the level of I L-10 was higher than it in the other two groups(P ＜0.05).After 3 and 6 months ICS treatment,the serum levels of IL-5 and IL-8 were significantly decreased and the level of I L-10 was increased.The longer course was given,the more obvious change they have.There was no statistical difference in group B after 3 to 6 months treatment.It was statistical difference between group A and group B after 3 to 6 months treatment (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ICS treatment can significantly improve lung function and inflammatory mediators in patients with cough variant asthma.The better improvement will get if the longer treatment is given.

Objective To prepare and purify the polysaccharides in Shuanqian fungal substance (FS);To study its monosaccharide composition and property. Methods Strychnos nux-vomica was under a thirty-day solid fermentation through Trametes cinnabarina. Then crude polysaccharide was got after the process of drying, smashing, water boiling, condensing, decoloring, removing protein and ethanol precipitation. The content of polysaccharides in Shuanqian FS was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Dialysis and gel chromatography method was used to purify the crude polysaccharide. The purified composition was analyzed by acid hydrolysis and thin layer chromatography. Results The content of crude polysaccharide was 47.68%and yield was 10.52%. It showed that polysaccharide in Shuanqian FS contained glucose and galactose, but no nucleic acid and protein. Conclusion Polysaccharide in Shuanqian FS was an offwhite powdery heteropolysaccharide, which contained glucose and galactose.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy of Tianmeng capsule in the treatment of climacteric female with burning mouth syndrome(BMS).METHODS:A total of 248 climacteric female of patients with BMS were randomly assigned to receive Tianmeng capsule plus comprehensive psychotherapy(experiment group,n=124)or VitB1+Oryzanol +VitE plus comprehensive psychotherapy(control group,n=124)for 1 month.RESULTS:The total effective rate was 91.9% for the experiment group versus 48.4% for the control group(P

Objective:To optimize the extraction procedure of total alkaloid in Radix Aconiti.Methods:The orthogonal design(L9(34) ) was carried out for the optimum extraction conditions guided by yield of the extract and the content of aconitine,hypaconitine and mesaconitine determined with RP-HPLC method,the mobile phase was MeOH-H2O2-CHCl3-DEA(70∶30∶ 2∶0.1).Results:The best extraction process was as follows:moisten with ammonia test solution,then leach for 24 hours with 15 times of ether.Conclusion:The optimum extraction methods are rational.

Objective To optimize the extraction technology of alginic acid in Laminaria japonica Aresch. Methods The influence of the amount of solvent, the extraction time and temperature (3 factors) on the alginic acid content and yield was investigated by orthogonal test L9(34), and carried on to inspect the methodology. Result The optimum extraction condition was A1B1C2, that was adding 30 times solvent (1%Na2CO3), whisk extracting for one hour at 60 ℃. Conclusion The temperature is the most important factor. The content of alginic acid decrease obviously at above 60 ℃. The optimum extraction technology is reasonable.

AIM: To analyze the total chrysophanol contents in the processed seeds of Cassia Tora and the contents of chrysophanol in the crude and processed seeds from different districts are compared. METHODS: HPLC with a Kromasil C 18 column was used and MeOH 0.1%H 3PO 4(85∶15) used as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL?min -1 and detection wavelength was 254 nm. RESULTS: The contents of total chrysophanol was 0.196 4% and the average recovery was 96.95%. The content of free chrysophanol was increased after processing, total and combined chrysophanol were decreased. CONCLUSION: The method is reliable of controlling the quality of Cassia obtusifolia and can be used for further studies in the processing of Cassia obtusifolia.

Objective To investigate the current situation of obstetric & gynecology clinical teaching,in order to improve it.Methods Questionnaire investigation was used to get the information of the gravidas and parturients' attitude to clinical teaching,and analysis the strategy.Results It was tough to make obstetric clinical teaching fine,especially to the male.Conclusion It was helpful to better the obstetric & gynecology clinical teaching,by improving teaching mode and paying more attention to communication between patient and doctor

Objective To investigate the value of CT scans in differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm.Methods CT findings ofthyroid neoplasm in 29 cases including 8 cases thyroid adenoma,4 cases nodular goiter and 17 cases thyroid carcinoma identified by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results The contour of thyroid adenoma was distinct,a completely enhanced ring in 5 cases and enhanced nodules in 3 cases were showed on contrast-enhanced scan.4 cases of nodular goiter showed homogenous cystic low density the lesions were localized and distinct in contour,the cystic wall could be seen.Thyroid carcinoma appeared unhomogenous density,the edges contour of lesion was not distinct and infiltration on adjacent tissue might be seen.Conclusion CT scan might play an important role in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm.

Objective To investigate rhein on podocyte nephrin gene expression and nephrin on glomerular in diabetic nephropa-thy (DN)rats .Methods DN rats mode were made by Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 60 mg/kg once .the DN model was divided into 2 groups:rhein treatment group (A) ,model group (B) ,and in addition ,set up a control group (C) .body weight ,kidney weight ,relative kidney weight ,24-hour urinary protein excretion ,serum creatinine ,blood urea nitrogen of rats were detected after 8 weeks of intervention .kidney pathological changes were observed by using light microscope ,electron microscope . immunohistochemical technique used to nephrin protein expression .Results Both the DN rats 24 -hour urinary protein excretion and podocyte nephrin gene expression of group A decreased significantly (P<0 .05) ,improvement in renal function .Conclusion Rhein on DN kidney has a protective effect ,which may be related to its podocyte nephrin gene expression.