OBJECTIVE: To develop a radioactive sewage purification device that can effectively filter the nuclides in low-level nuclide-contaminated wastewater. METHODS: The radioactive sewage purification device was composed of lifting pump, stack filter, multi-medium filter, security filter, tubular ultrafiltration membrane, high-pressure pump and reverse osmotic membrane. The combined process of adsorption-ultrafiltration-reverse osmosis was used to separate radioactive elements from wastewater by reverse osmosis membrane separation system. Through two-stage multi-medium filter circulation system circulation treatment, radioactive sewage was purified. The flow rate of water treatment is 20 L/min. The filtration efficiency and purification efficiency of the device were tested by filtration experiments on elements containing radionuclide and purification experiments on radionuclide.RESULTS: The filtration efficiency on iodine, potassium, strontium and cesium, that are the common elements in radioactive sewage samples were 97.88%, 98.38%, 99.99% and 99.80%, respectively. The single purification efficiency of radionuclide ~(40)K in low-level radioactive sewage was over 90.00%. CONCLUSION: The device has high filtering efficiency for common elements such as iodine, potassium, strontium and cesium in sewage and high removal rate of radioactive activity for sewage containing ~(40)K. It can be further optimized and transformed into a suitable radioactive sewage water purifier.

Objective To indentify the cognitive status of Chinese patients to acne and the influencing factors to theirs' cognitive status,so as to provide solid evidences for the prevention and treatment of acne.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was made to conduct this survey of 16,156 acne patients,who seeked to the treatment in the dermatological departments from 112 hospitals in China.The survey consisted of several parts,including the general status of patients,the patients' cognition of occurrence,development and risk factors of acne,whether the first choice was seeking treatment at the hospital when the patients had acne and the condition of selection of skin care products.The factors were analyzed,which could impact the cognition of the patients' behavior of treatment,how did the patients' cognition to influence their medical behavior and skin care as well as the consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients themselves.Results The acne patients studied had the best knowledge of "acne is a skin disease","it not only occurs in the period of adolescence" and "the disease can be prevented and cured",which accordingly accounted for 80.65％,69.16％ and 65.49％ of the total patients respectively.However,the awareness of acne patients to heredity,high sugar and dairy products as risk factors for acne was insufficient,which accounted for 48.72％,42.40％ and 18.25％ of the total patients,respectively.Gender,age,educational level,occupation and health knowledge were the main factors affecting the cognitive level of patients;the survey also found that men,patient with educational level of junior high or even lower educational condition,occupation of labor workers or farmers and patients were lack of health education with poor knowledge of the genetics and dietary were risk factors for acne;patients with age over 36 years or with mild illness had poor knowledge of dietary risk factors for acne;the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The analysis of the influence of cognitive status on medical treatment behavior and skin care showed that the better the cognition,the higher the probability of patients would choose medical treatment as the first choice as well as choosing functional skin care products;the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The consistency of assessment of the severity of acne by doctors and patients was poor (Kappa value ＜0.4),and the assessment of severity of acne by patients was more serious than doctors' assessment.Conclusions Patient's cognitive status will affect their medical behavior and skin care,and there is also a phenomenon that patients have a more serious assessment of their acne condition.It is suggested that health education for acne patients should be strengthened in clinical medicine so as to improve their knowledge of acne as well as preventing from acne effectively.

Objective To observe the safety and efficacy of preoperative Ticagrelor loading in emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods A total of 213 patients with acute STEMI before undergoing emergency PCI were randomly divided into Ticagrelor group(n =105)receiving 180 mg Ticagrelor loading dose,then 90 mg twice daily and Clopidogrel group(n =108) receiving 600 mg of Clopidogrel,then 75 mg once daily.Emergency PCI postoperative coronary artery TIMI flow grade and the change of incidence of no reflow,platelet aggregation rate,incidence of bleeding events and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) were compared between two groups.Results The rate of no-reflow was 7.6 ％ (8 cases)in Ticagrelor group,and 16.7 ％ (18 cases) in Clopidogrel group(x2 =3.26、P=0.030).Platelet aggregation rates at 1 h and 24 h after treatment were (55.6±4.3)％ and (48.6 ± 4.1) ％ respectively in Ticagrelor group,and (63.6 ± 3.8) ％ and (57.6 ± 3.6) ％ respectively in Clopidogrel group,which showed that platelet aggregation inhibition effect was better in Ticagrelor than in Clopidogrel (t =14.40、17.20,both P =0.001).Two groups had no major life-threatening bleeding events.Bleeding incidence had no statistically significant difference between two groups(x2 =0.14,P =0.710),and the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events showed no statistically significant difference(x2 0.04,P 0.840)between the 2 groups.Conclusions Preoperativeticagrelor loading treatment in emergency PCI therapy for acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction shows stronger antiplatelet aggregation function,significantly improve postoperative TIMI flow,and does not increase the incidence of bleeding events.

Objective To investigate the effects of rapid response system of chest pain on the short-term and long-term prognosis of patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods Referring to the international association of chest pain centers,the chest pain center was established in this hospital,and the corresponding management system and treatment process were worked out.A total of 374 acute STEMI patients who were recruited as the observation group were admitted to this hospital after the establishment of the chest pain center (December 2014 to June 2016),and 250 STEMI patients admitted before the establishment of the chest pain center (January 2012 to December 2012) were recruited as control group.Patients in observation group were treated in the chest pain center,and those in control groupreceived conventional treatment.The general situation,basic diseases,the finishing time of the first electrocardiogram(ECG),the time of door-to balloon expansion(D2B),the time of hospital stay,the average hospitalization expenses,in-hospital cardiac events and in-6-month cardiac events were compared between the two groups.All patients were followed up for 1 years,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular aneurysm,B type natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP),serum creatinine (Scr),C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and adverse cardiac events (heart failure,death,readmission rate etc.)were compared between two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the average completion time of the first electrocardiogram in the observation group was shortened (P=0.001),the time of entry balloon dilatation,the time of hospital stay,the average hospitalization expenses were less than that of the control group (P＜0.05),the adverse cardiac events (hospital death and heart failure) were lower in the observation group than in the control group (P＜0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,LVEF was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P＜0.05).the levels of LVEDD,pro-BNP,CRP and adverse cardiac events in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05),there was no significant difference in the formation rate of ventricular aneurysm and Scr between the observation group and the control group (P＞0.05).After 1 year of follow-up,LVEF was still higher in the observation group than in the control group (P＜0.05).The incidence of LVEDD,pro-BNP,CREA,CRP,left ventricular aneurysm formation rate,the incidence of adverse cardiac events were lower in the observation group than in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The establishment of rapid response system of chest pain treatment not only effectively shortenthe treatment time of STEMI patients,improve the treatment efficiency,shorten the hospital stay,reduce the cost of hospitalization,but also improve the quality of life and disease prognosis.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To cultivate stem-like spheres from SW620 cell line in the specific serum-free medium and evaluate the features of the cancer stem cells, and to investigate the effects of docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA) and eicosapen-taenoic acid ( EPA) on the growth of SW620 stem cell-like cells.METHODS: Human colon cancer stem cell-like cells ( CSCLC) were obtained from SW620 spheres cultured in serum-free medium.These cells were tested for the expression of SSEA-1 and TRA-1-81 by immunofluorescence staining.The mRNA expression of Sox-2 and Oct-4 was detected by real-time PCR.The efficiency of colony formation on a soft agar gel and tumor formation in the nude mice was compared between SW620 adherent cells and CSCLC.The inhibitory effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C on both types of cells were measured by MTS assay.MTS assay, Annexin V/PI staining and trypan blue staining were used to determine the effects of DHA and EPA on both types of cells.MTS assay was also used to analyze the combined effect of DHA or EPA with chemotherapeutic drugs on SW620 CSCLC.RESULTS:SW620 cells formed spheres in serum-free culture.The cells from spheres highly expressed SSEA-1 and TRA-1-81, transiently expressed Sox-2 and Oct-4 genes and were more resistant to 5-FU and mitomycin C treatments.These cells exhibited a greater ability in clone formation and tumorigenicity, indica-ting that these cells carried stem cell-like features, hence were considered SW620-derived CSCLC.DHA and/or EPA sup-pressed SW620 CSCLC by inhibiting cell growth, inducing cell apoptosis and sensitizing them to chemotherapeutic drugs. CONCLUSION:The cells with stem cell-like features, such as high efficiency in clonogenicity, tumorigenicity and resist-ance to chemotherapeutic drugs, can be obtained from SW620 spheres cultured in serum-free condition.DHA and EPA in-duce apoptosis in SW620-derived CSCLC and sensitize them to chemotherapeutic drugs.

OBJECTIVETo conduct a clinical trial of ketogenic diet (KD) in patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) and evaluate its safety and feasibility by measuring blood ketone bodies and blood glucose levels.

METHODTen patients with acute SCI were recruited in the trial during the period from May, 2012 to October, 2013. The patients received a standard KD after fasting for 48 h. The levels of blood ketone, blood glucose and uric ketone were tested daily, and routine blood examination, electrolytes, liver and kidney function, body mass index (BMI), sensory and motor function, and adverse reactions were monitored weekly to assess the safety and feasibility of KD.

RESULTSKD treatment lasted for a mean of 12.9 days (4 to 29 days) in these patients. In all the patients, blood ketone level increased during the fasting and maintained a level above 2.0 mmol/L after taking KD, while the uric ketone level ranged from +++ to ++++. The blood glucose level was in the normal range during KD. Except for blood chloride level and BMI, routine blood test results, electrolytes, liver and kidney function showed no significant changes after KD. No significant changes were observed in the sensation of light touch and pinprick. The average motor ASIA score increased from 33.3 to 35.1 after KD. Gastrointestinal dysfunction (diarrhea, nausea, poor appetite, gastric pain, and abdominal distension) was recorded in 5 patients, hypoglycemia occurred in one patient early after KD, and one patient experienced urticaria during KD. All the adverse reactions were relieved after symptomatic treatments.

CONCLUSIONThis preliminary clinical trial demonstrated that KD could increase ketone bodies level and maintain a normal blood glucose level, suggesting its safety and feasibility in patients with acute SCI.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Diet, Ketogenic ; adverse effects ; methods ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; diet therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To conduct a clinical trial of ketogenic diet (KD) in patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) and evaluate its safety and feasibility by measuring blood ketone bodies and blood glucose levels. Method Ten patients with acute SCI were recruited in the trial during the period from May, 2012 to October, 2013. The patients received a standard KD after fasting for 48 h. The levels of blood ketone, blood glucose and uric ketone were tested daily, and routine blood examination, electrolytes, liver and kidney function, body mass index (BMI), sensory and motor function, and adverse reactions were monitored weekly to assess the safety and feasibility of KD. Results KD treatment lasted for a mean of 12.9 days (4 to 29 days) in these patients. In all the patients, blood ketone level increased during the fasting and maintained a level above 2.0 mmol/L after taking KD, while the uric ketone level ranged from+++to++++. The blood glucose level was in the normal range during KD. Except for blood chloride level and BMI, routine blood test results, electrolytes, liver and kidney function showed no significant changes after KD. No significant changes were observed in the sensation of light touch and pinprick. The average motor ASIA score increased from 33.3 to 35.1 after KD. Gastrointestinal dysfunction (diarrhea, nausea, poor appetite, gastric pain, and abdominal distension) was recorded in 5 patients, hypoglycemia occurred in one patient early after KD, and one patient experienced urticaria during KD. All the adverse reactions were relieved after symptomatic treatments. Conclusion This preliminary clinical trial demonstrated that KD could increase ketone bodies level and maintain a normal blood glucose level, suggesting its safety and feasibility in patients with acute SCI.

Objective To conduct a clinical trial of ketogenic diet (KD) in patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI) and evaluate its safety and feasibility by measuring blood ketone bodies and blood glucose levels. Method Ten patients with acute SCI were recruited in the trial during the period from May, 2012 to October, 2013. The patients received a standard KD after fasting for 48 h. The levels of blood ketone, blood glucose and uric ketone were tested daily, and routine blood examination, electrolytes, liver and kidney function, body mass index (BMI), sensory and motor function, and adverse reactions were monitored weekly to assess the safety and feasibility of KD. Results KD treatment lasted for a mean of 12.9 days (4 to 29 days) in these patients. In all the patients, blood ketone level increased during the fasting and maintained a level above 2.0 mmol/L after taking KD, while the uric ketone level ranged from+++to++++. The blood glucose level was in the normal range during KD. Except for blood chloride level and BMI, routine blood test results, electrolytes, liver and kidney function showed no significant changes after KD. No significant changes were observed in the sensation of light touch and pinprick. The average motor ASIA score increased from 33.3 to 35.1 after KD. Gastrointestinal dysfunction (diarrhea, nausea, poor appetite, gastric pain, and abdominal distension) was recorded in 5 patients, hypoglycemia occurred in one patient early after KD, and one patient experienced urticaria during KD. All the adverse reactions were relieved after symptomatic treatments. Conclusion This preliminary clinical trial demonstrated that KD could increase ketone bodies level and maintain a normal blood glucose level, suggesting its safety and feasibility in patients with acute SCI.

Objective To investigate the causes and prevention strategies of postoperative spinal cord injury after anterior approach surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods The clinical data of 749 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy treated with anterior approach surgery from 2001 to 2009 were retrospectively studied.There were five patients with spinal cord dysfunction instantly or early after operation,including three males and two females at average age of 52 years (range,48-62 years).Two patients were combined with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score was average 12.4(9-16)preoperatively.The surgeries included anterior cervical diskectomy(or corpectomy)and interbody fusion(iliac bone graft or cage or titanium mesh)and locking plates fixation.The blood loss was 50-200 ml.The symptoms included instant spinal cord injury in two patients,loss of the motor and feeling of both legs at 6 h after surgery in one,paralysis of one side limbs at 24 h after surgery in one and numbness of limbs at 5 days after surgery in one.Four patients were treated by large dose of methylprednisolone.Five patients underwent anterior exploration surgery,of which one patient received posterior cervical one-door expansive laminoplasty. Results The patients were followed up for average 16 months(12-24 months).The JOA score of four patients was recovered at three months and WaS better than preoperation after surgery.The function of spinal cord of one patient showed no improvement at one year after surgery.The causes for spinal cord injury included inappropriate surgical manipulation in decompression and haemostasis in two patients,insufficient decompression in one,epidural hematoma in one and absorbable hemostatic gauze in one. Conclusions The major causes of postoperative spinal cord injury in anterior approach surgery for cervical spondylofic myelopathy are the delayed postoperative injury.The spinal cord can recover to normal and has satisfactory prognosis if discovered promptly.We must avoid the spinal cord injury by surgical Manipulation that may result in permanent neurological deficits.

OBJECTIVE To study the cause of bacterial infection of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) in intensive care unit(ICU) and summarize effective methods to prevent and control the infection.METHODS Epidemiologic study on 300 patients with VAP in ICU from Dec 1,2003 to Jul 13,2006.Preventing and controlling strategy was as follows.RESULTS Pathogenic bacteria of VAP in ICU mostly were multidrug-resistant ones,of which the G-were 56.3%,G+ were 23% and fungi were 13.7%.CONCLUSIONS To control VAP in ICU proper technique and method are important.Management of hospital infection and related training of staff in ICU are the basic way.