Objective:To observe the protective effects of sodium ferulate (SF) on rabbit myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Method: Sixteen rabbits were divided randomly into three groups: group A undergoing all procedures except for ischemia-reperfusion and treatment, group B given the routine treatment after ischemia-reperfusion, and group C receiving the routine treatment combined with the intravenous infusion of SF 40mg?kg~(-1) after ischemiareperfusion. Result: Group C showed a significant reduction in myocardial MDA content and plasma ET level (P

Objective To investigate biomechanical analysis of poly DL-lactic acid (PDLLA)biodegradable fusion cage of the lumbar vertebrae in vivo degradation. Methods Forty-eight healthy adult porcine were divided into experimental group and control group at randomly. PDLLA cage full of autogenous bone and bone block with the same size were planted in L45 intervertebrae respectively. At the 1st, 3rd, 6th,9th, 12th, and 18th month postoperatively, the animals were sacrificed and the surgical spinal segment was observed. The range of motion (ROM) was measured. Results The ROMs had no statistical differences at all motion directions between the two froups at the 1st month postoperatively. But the ROMs of experimental group were greater than those of control group at extension direction at the 3rd and 6th month postoperatively. The ROMs of extension was the greatest while the ROMs of right rotation was the least in both groups. At the 9th month postoperatively: the ROMs of experimental group greater than those of control group except at rotation. The ROMs of right rotation was the least in both groups. The greatest ROMs was at extension in experimental group and at right bending in control group. ALL ROMs tended to decrease and the ROMs of extension had comparability between tow groups. At the 12th month postoperatively, experimental group had greater ROMs at extension and left bending and less ROMs at other directions. Likewise statistical differences showed only at extension. 18th month postoperatively all ROMs were close between two groups. Conclusion After PDLLA cage is planted, the first 3 months is autologous stable stage. The period of 3rd to 6th months is easily released stage. The operative segments are stable from 9th to 12th months and acquired.Critical period between stability and instability is from 6th to 9th months. Bone fusion is from 12th to 18th months postoperatively.

BACKGROUND: The data of epidemiological survey on rheumatic diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are very rare in China, especially in Shenzhen. The comprehensive understanding of epidemiological situation of AS in Shenzhen can be used to draw up treatment plans by Shenzhen Health Bureau and some other health organizations.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiological features of AS.DESIGN: Randomized complete collection and cross-sectional investigation.SETTING: Shenzhen Rheumatism Institute of Guangdong Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: From December 2001 to April 2004, totally 6 684 adults aged over 16 years were selected from three regions (one region of river and lakes, one local mountain region and one inhabitant region) of Shenzhen. Among them, 5 922 adults (2 659 males and 3 263 female) were actually investigated and the investigative rate was 88.6%. Males were accounted for 44.9% and females were 55.1%, and the ratio was 1:1.23.METHODS: Step 1 and 2, the investigated individuals were questioned and their answers were recorded by the investigators. The questionnaire proceeded one by one for every individual and proceeded at homes. Step 3,the individuals with positive findings at steps 1 and 2 were examined by rheumatologic doctors. Step 4, individuals with suspected AS were subjected to human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) assays, radiographies including plain pelvic films, plain lumbar-vertebral films and if necessary, radiographies at other areas of spinal column as well as peripheral joints.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequencies of rheumatic complaints,prevalence rate of AS, positive frequencies of hum an HLA-B27, and comparisons with relevant data abroad.RESULTS: ① General frequency of rheumatism was 21.6%, and the highest complaint was at knee joint, then at waist, shoulder, neck and hand. In female, the frequencies of complaints at every joint mentioned above were higher than those in male (P ＜ 0.05). A total of 13 patients (4.7%) had to discontinue their work because of rheumatic diseases. ②Prevalence rate of AS was accounted for 0.37%, and the ratio between male and female was 4.5: 1. The onset of AS began at middle age in majority patients. ③ Positive frequency of HLA-B27 was 5.0%. ④ Rate of misdiagnosis, the rate of early diagnosis and the rate of long-term irrational drug-usage were 64%, 27% and 73%, respectively.CONCLUSION: In Shenzhen, the prevalence rate of AS (0.37%) is ranked higher than that in Beijing (0.26%), Shantou (0.26%), America(0.20%) and the whites of Greece (0.24%). The differences among them may be connected with the fact that in Shenzhen the young people occupy a large proportion of population.

BACKGROUND:Posterior lumbar interbody fusion is a typical therapeutic method of lumbar degenerative disease. Present studies suggested that adjacent segment degeneration occurs after fusion. Recently, more and more scholars paid attention to the development of non-fusion of the spine. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To compare clinical effects of Dynesys dynamic stabilization system fixation and posterior lumbar interbody fusion in treatment of lumbar degenerative disease. ＜br> METHODS:From July 2009 to July 2011, clinical data of 56 patients with lumbar degenerative disease were retrospectively analyzed. There were 28 cases of Dynesys dynamic stabilization system fixation, and 28 cases of posterior lumbar interbody fusion. Operation time, bleeding volume, and postoperative hospitalization time were compared in both groups. Visual analog scale was used to assess pain. Oswestry disability index was utilized to evaluate clinical effects. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 56 patients were fol owed up for 18-24 months. Visual analog scale and Oswestry disability index scores were significantly improved at 12 months after treatment in both groups (P＜0.01). Significant differences in operation time, bleeding volume, and postoperative hospitalization time were detected between both groups (P＜0.01). Dynesys dynamic stabilization system group was better than posterior lumbar interbody fusion group. Range of motion was better in the Dynesys dynamic stabilization system group than in the posterior lumbar interbody fusion group (P＜0.01). During fol ow-up, nail rope system and polyester sleeve loose were not detectable in the Dynesys dynamic stabilization system group. These results verified that compared with posterior lumbar interbody fusion, Dynesys dynamic stabilization system for lumbar degenerative diseases has a high safety and smal trauma, and can keep advantages of a fixed segment, and exert a certain effect on degeneration of intervertebral disc in the adjacent segment.

BACKGROUND: As a convenient and useful physical activity measurement tool,pedometer is widely used in research and intervention about physical activity of population. OBJECTIVE: To assess validity and reliability of the pedometer in measuring daily physical activity. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: The experiment was performed at the Department of Kinesiology,Nanjing Institute of Physical Education and Sports from April to June 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty college students,15 majoring in Kinesiology and 15 majoring in social and physical education,15 females and 15 males,with an average age of (20?1) years,were selected from Nanjing Institute of Physical Education and Sports. METHODS: Participants wore a Digi-Walker200 for one week to record results of pedometer measurement,and filled in Bouchard Physical Activity Diary every day to note activity in 24 hours and calculate energy consumption. All participants completed International Physical Activity Questionnaire including large and moderate intensity activity,walking and sitting in a week. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Daily steps,energy expenditure,sedentary time,waking time,exercise time,and weekly physical activity condition. RESULTS: Step counts were positively correlated with daily energy expenditure,walking time,and exercise time,and negatively related with sedentary time. Step counts of different physical activity levels were significantly different: more step counts could better reflect physical activity levels. Furthermore,exercise or continuous walking (more than 15 minutes) could significantly increase step counts. Daily physical activity including 30-minute moderate intensity activity could achieve or exceed the target steps of 10 000. CONCLUSION: Pedometer provides a useful and objective indicator of daily step counts assessing daily physical activity,but it is difficult to reflect activity intensity and patterns.

Objective To observe the effects of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy in the treatment of polypoid lesions of gallbladder and the effects on postoperative rehabilitation of patients. Methods 78 cases of patients with polypoid lesions of gallbladder treated in our hospital from August 2011 to November 2014 were selected as the study object. According to the order of medical treatment and hospital admission , the patients were numbered and randomly divided into laparoscopy group and combined group , with 39 cases in each group. The laparoscopy group were treated by laparoscopic cholecystectomy while the combined group were treated by laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy gallbladder-protection surgery. The operation indicators , recovery of gastrointestinal function and incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups were observed. After discharge , the 2 groups of patients were followed up for 1 year. The improvement of postoperative digestive tract symptoms and rehabilitation of patients was observed. Results The intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative fasting time, defecation time and hospitalization time of the combined group [(20.13 ± 7.48) mL, (0.51 ± 0.98) d, (1.20 ± 0.84) d, (1.98 ± 1.54)d] were less than those of the laparoscopy group (P <0.05); The incidence rate of complications in the combined group (10.26%) was lower than that in the laparoscopy group (33.33%) (P < 0.05); Immediately at the end of operation and 1 week after operation, VAS scores of the combined group [(4.23 ± 0.41), (2.46 ± 0.17) ] were lower than those in the laparoscopy group (P < 0.05); At the last follow-up, KPS score of the combined group increased to (89.98 ± 1.24), which was higher than that in the laparoscopy group (P < 0.05); GradeⅠpostoperative recovery in the combined group accounted for 87.18% which was higher than that in the laparoscopy group (64.10%). There was no case of grade III and the proportion was lower than that in the laparoscopy group (15.38%). The differences in proportions of grade I and III between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion To adopt laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy in the treatment of polypoid lesions of gallbladder , the curative effect is certain and the minimally invasive advantage is obvious. The long-term recovery effect is good and the safety is high.

Objective To explore the effect of one-piece shoulder pillow on patients suffering from shoulder pain and skin erubescence during gynecological laparoscopy with lithotomy position and trendelenburg position. Methods Two hundred and six patients who underwent gynecological laparoscopic operation were divided into control and experiment groups according to cardinal or even number of registration. The patients in both groups were set in lithotomy position and trendelenburg position during the operation, with the difference in the use of a common shoulder pillow for support in the control group but no use in the experiment one. On-position time and incidence rate of shoulder pain and skin erubescence were compared between two groups. Result The sholder pain and skin erubescence were less than those of control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Use of one-piece shoulder pillow can reduce the incidence rates of shoulder pain and skin erubescence after gynecological laparoscopic operation with lithotomy position and trendelenburg position.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have documented that,the increase of anti-cardiolipin(aCL) antibody titer has an obvious positive relaltionship with the vascular thrombosis,thrombocytopenia and repeated abortion in the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome,but there is little information on the aCL antibodies in lupus nephritis(LN).OBJECTIVE:To ascertain the preyalence and significance of aCL antibodies in Chinese patients with LN.DESIGN:Prospective follow-up study of one sample.SETTING:Department of Rheumatology in Xiangmihu Branch of Shenzhen Fourth People's Hospital,Shenzhen Institute of Rheumatology in Guangdong Medical College.PARTlCIPANTS:The study was performed in 97 LN Patients consecutively recruited in the Department of Rheumatology in Xiangmihu Branch of Shenzhen Fourth People's Hospital between March 2001 and October 2003.All the included patients met the revised criteria of American College of Rheumatology for the diagnosis and classification of LN.And they all knew the fact saying yes.METHODS:The clinical data and auxiliary examination result were recorded when hospitalizalion.The aCL antibodies were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and Were considered as positive if over 100 U/mL.High-dose oral administration of prednisonc combined with cyclophosphamide intravenous pulse therapy were applied for inducing release.The curative effect was remained by using azathioprine and prednisone at a decreasing dose.Meanwhile the complications such as hypertension,hyperlipemia and arthralgia were prevented by drugs.All the patients had routine visits at six-month intervals for a total of 3 years,Clinical and seroIogic manifestations of Patients with LN were tested and recorded regularly.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Gender,age,systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index,clinical manifestations,vascular thrombosis,pregnancy outcome and renal function.RESULTS:All the 97 LN Patients were included in the study.and 83 of them entered the result analysis while the other 14 cases were lost.The overall prevalence of aCL antibodies in 97 subjects was 39%(38 cases).Hypertension,thrombocytopenia and Raynaud's phenomenon were more frequent in LN Patients with aCL antibodies.The aCL IgG antibody-positive Patients showed a greater risk for the occurrence of vascular thrombosis;Pregnancy morbidity of miscarriages,premature birth,fetal death and the probabmty of developing irreversible renal function deterioration occurred at a greater frequency in aCL antibody-positive patients.CoNCLUSIoN:The prevalence of aCL antibodies in LN Patients is 39%.A higher incidence of hypertension.thrombocytopenia and Raynaud's phenomenon is found in patients with aCL antibodies.Detection of aCL antibodies in Patients with LN may be usefol to predict the development of vascular thrombosis,pregnancy morbidity and irreversible chronic renal function deterioration.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of selective renal artery embolization (SRAE) for the treatment of kidney diseases. Methods Seventy-four cases of renal carcinomas, 11 cases of renal angiomyolipomas (RAML) and 72 cases of traumatic renal haemorrhages were first demonstrated by renal arteriography under Seldinger technique to ensure a site, range and neighbouring relation of lesions and then followed by percutaneous catheterized selective renal arterial embolization with embolic agents. Results The edema around the carcinomas and abscesses became obvious, and bleeding were reduced, which were convenient for operation after SRAE for the preoperative adjuvant treatment of renal carcinomas. The clinical symptoms were improved obviously in 9 eases with advanced renal carcinoma after palliative treatment. The tumour volumes of 11 RAML were decreased evidently by 15 %-65 % with the average of 42 %. The bleeding in 68 cases of traumatic renal haemorrhage were ceased completely in 1-4 days after embolism, 2 cases with serious renal fragmented injury and huge perirenal hematoma combined with shock received successful operation after SRAE, 2 cases bleeding again after SRAE were cured by the second SRAE. No severe complications occurred after embolization in all the patients. Conclusions As a minimal invasive technique,selective renal artery embolization is a safe, effective method with less complications and an adjuvant pre-op-erative therapy for renal carcinoma or a palliative treatment for advanced carcinoma and an effective treatment for RAML and traumatic renal haemorrhage.

Objective To discuss the efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty for pediatric ureteropelvic junction obstruction(UPJO). Methods Retroperitoneal laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty was performed on 24 patients with UPJO.The age of the patients ranged from 3 to 14 years(mean,7 years).The diagnosis was set up by ultrasonography,IVU,CT or magnetic resonance urography.All the patients had hydronephrosis,with 4 cases mild,10 cases moderate and 10 severe ones. Results All operations were completed laparoscopieally,without conversions to open surgery during operation.The mean operative time was 180 min(range 150 to 200).The mean blood loss was 60 ml(range 40 to 100)and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 7 d (range 5 to 9).All 24 patients were followed-up for 6 to 24 months(mean,1 4 months).There was no stricture at UPJ.Eighteen patients had complete resolution of hydronephrosis and 6 patients showed obvious alleviation in hydronephrosis. Conclusion Retroperitoneal laparoseopie dismembered pyeloplasty could be a mini-invasive,safe,and effective procedure for the treatment of UPJO in pediatric patients.