Objective In order to provide scientific evidence for revealing the pathophysiological changes, levels of the humoral and cellular immunity and cytokines in elderly patients with bacterial pneumonia were determined. Methods The changes of immunological markers including IgA, IgG, IgM,C3, C4,T cell subpopulation (CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +) and CD4 +/CD8 +, IL 2, IL 6, IL 8, TNF ? were examined for the elderly bacterial pneumonia group(BPG), the aged control group(ACG) and the young control group(YCG). Results The level of CD3 +〔(53 90?7 10)% vs (62 67?6 08)%〕, CD4 +〔(33 85?4 69)% vs (3 57?3 40)%〕, IL 2〔(4 09?0 69) ?g/L vs (6 72?0 52) ?g/L〕 and IL 8〔(0 28?0 07) ?g/L vs (0 39?0 09) ?g/L〕 in ACG were significantly lower than those in YCG. The levels of IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, CD8 +, IL 8〔(0 33?0 08) ?g/L vs (0 28?0 07) ?g/L〕, and TNF ?〔(1 25?0 23) ?g/L vs (1 10?0 20) ?g/L〕in BPG were significantly higher than those in ACG; and in BPG the levels of IgG, IgM, C3, IL 8 and TNF ? were significantly higher than those in YCG. However, the levels of CD3 +, CD4 + and the ratio CD4 +/CD8 +in BPG were markedly lower than those in YCG;the IL 2(2 730?0 612 ?g/L) was much lower than that of ACG〔(6 72?0 52) ?g/L〕 and YCG〔(4 09?0 69) ?g/L〕, respectively. Conclusions The occurrence and the progress of bacterial pneumonia in the elderly are related to the immunological functioning including the excessive humoral immunity, the super activation of complement system, the dysequilibrium of T cellular immunoloregulation network and the super excretion of inflammatory cytokines.

Objective To detect the levels of plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and investigate its relationship with liver function, ascites and heart structure in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods The levels of plasma NT-proBNP and various clinical and biochemical parameters were determined in 60 patients with liver cirrhosis and 30 healthy controls. Meanwhile Child-Pugh liver function was classified. All people underwent color Doppler echocardiography. Results The level of plasma NT-proBNP was significantly elevated in patients with liver cirrhosis [(38.63±36.05)pmol/L], compared with that of the controls [(7.50±8.25)pmol/L],P<0.01. There was no significant difference in different Child-Pugh class and aseites amount of liver cirrhosis. E/A < 1 and E wave decelerate time (EDT) was in-creased in liver cirrhosis. Conclusion The levels of plasma NT-proBNP in liver cirrhosis are significantly elevated, and related to early impairment of diastolic function. But it does not correlate with liver function and aseites.

Tumor metastasis and recurrence had become a key to curative effect and long-term survival,and it's hotspot of current clinical oncology research.Differential expression of proteomics between cancer and normal tissue can be used for discovering new tumor markers.Clinical detection of liver cancer-related protein molecules was useful to monitor and assess early diagnosis,recurrence and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Herein,this article reviewed the research progression of protein molecules in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Asialogycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) is a specific receptor of mammalian hepatocytes,exclusively up-take the glycoprotein in the blood.The number of ASGPR correlates significantly with liver function,and the reduction of the number of ASGPR suggest liver dysfunction.Decreased ASGPR in patients with liver cirrhosis or portal hypertension or hepatocellar carcinoma,lead to varying degrees of liver dysfunction,which made it more susceptible to post operative complications.liver ASGPR scintigraphy with Technetium-99 m DTPA-galactosyl human serum albumin (99m Tc-GSA),combinating with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) technology can assess the functional reserve of remnant liver and predict incidence of postoperative complications,then assist to evaluate the use fulness for clinically surgical decisions.Current situation and progress of 99mTc-GSA SPECT imaging in hepatic surgery were reviewed in the paper.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) in the treatment of immune throm-bocytopenia(ITP) .Methods 230 cases of ITP were collected in this hospital from December 2011 to December 2012 and randomly divided into two groups with 115 cases in each group .Among them ,the control group was treated by the conventional treatment of open splenectomy(OS) ,while the observation group was treated by LS .The differences of the operative time ,hospitalization dura-tion ,intraoperative blood loss and platelet count ,clinical effects and the occurrence situation of adverse reactions were compared be-tween the two kinds of operation method .Results The operative time and the length of hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shortened compared with the control group (t=14 .706 ,t=13 .625 ,P<0 .05);intraoperative blood loss was significant-ly decreased(t=18 .238 ,P<0 .05) and the platelet count was significantly increased (t=17 .248 ,P<0 .05);the total effective rate of the observation group was 96 .52% ,which was significantly higher than 86 .09% of the control group ,(χ2 =9 .35 ,P<0 .05);the adverse reaction rate and the recurrence rate in the observation group were 6 .09% and 6 .96% respectively ,which were significantly lower than 10 .43% and 19 .13% in the control group(χ2 =8 .35 ,χ2 =8 .75 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion LS for treating immune throm-bocytopenia has definite efficacy with high effective rate ,low adverse reactions and low recurrence rate .

Objective: To investigate constitutional and phys ical stamina status in soldiers with different adaption periods in Tibetan areas . Methods: Two hundred and eithty-two male soldiers from a barr acks at an elevation of 3 600 m were divided into 2 groups: the veteran group ( n=143) in Tibet for 1.45±0.22 year, and the recruit group (n=139) in Ti bet for 0.33±0.00 years. The test items included body weight, cirumference, st a nding long jump, chin-up, 100 m dash and 3 000 m jogging, all were evaluated ac cording to the national military standard, which were Comprehensive Evaluation o f Health in Troops, and Examination and Evaluation of the Physical Stamina of So ldiers. Results: The physical stamina indexes of both the vetera ns and the recruits were up to the national military norm on the whole, ranking as moderate. The veteran group showed no significant difference in standing long jump and 100 m dash,（P<0.05), but obvious lower level in chin-up and 3 00 0 m jogging（P<0.01）, compared with the national military norm. The recr ui t group showed significant lower level in chin-up, 100 m dash, 3 000 m jogging as compared with the national military norm（P<0.01）, and also significant lower level in chin-up and 3 000 m jogging （P<0.05 or P<0.01) as compa red with the veteran group. Conclusion: The physical stamina of both the veterans and the recruits meet the basic national military requirements , ranking as moderate. The soldiers who have been in service for over 1 year hav e better explosive force, but they need more tolerance and aerobic exercises. Th e newly recruited need more exercise to raise tolerance to the hypoxic environme nt in plateau areas so as to shorten the adaption time to high altitude.

Objective To explore the safety of the human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) after silencing of human leukocyte antigen A2 expression .Methods We divided the cells into three groups:normal cultured cells of the 8th passage served as control group , and hBMSCs after HLA A2 silencing expression of the 5th and 15th passage as experimental groups 1 and 2 ,respectively .The hBMSCs were recultured by sterile methods .The growth curve ,telomerase activation ,and expressions of P27 ,cyclin D2 and cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) were utilized to explore the safety of the hBMSCs induced by LV‐siRNA‐HLA A2 .The BMSCs were transplanted to the subcutaneous layer of nude mice .Tissue types were detected 24 weeks after transplantation . Results The cell curves had no obvious left or right shift in all the groups . The telomerease activation in experimental groups 1 and 2 did not significantly differ from those in control group . The expressions of anti‐oncogene P27 ,cyclin D2 and CDK4 had no obvious difference between the two experimental groups and control group , either . There was only ectopic osteogenesis 24 weeks after the BMSCs (HLA A2 gene silenced ) were transplanted to the subcutaneous layer of the nude mice .Conclusion There was no obvious evidence to support that hBMSCs had undergone change in safety after the silencing of HLA A 2 expression .

Glaucoma is an irreversible cause of blindness,and it does serious harm to visual functions.Symptoms of glaucoma,visual impairment,a variety of symptomatic treatment and adverse reactions of drugs result in great obstacles and reduce quality of life.Preventive treatment intervenes glaucoma at an early stage by providing patients with guidance on therapies,diet and daily life,which are effective and may effectively improve their quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the characteristic of nasal mucosa absorption in vivo of tetramethylpyrazine hydrochloride (TMP HCl) in rats. Methods: The nasal circulatory perfusion test of TMP HCl was performed in rats.Results: The absorption rate constants was increased with the increasing of the concentration of TMP HCl; The absorption rate constants was increased with the elevating of pH values at the pH value range of 4.70～7.00. Conclusion:When the pH value of nasal circulatory perfusion liquid of TMP HCl is 7.00, the nasal mucosa absorption is optimal.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and clinical value of early enteral nutrition (EEN) combined with microecological agents in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese biomedical literature database, Wanfang Database, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were analyzed, and the retrieval time range is from the establishment of the datebase to November 1, 2019. To compare the clinical efficacy of EEN combined with microecological agents (experiment group) and single EEN treatment (control group) in SAP patients, and to compare the main outcome indicators: serum C-reactive protein level, incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, incidence of pancreatic infection necrosis, incidence of other complications, mortality, and length of hospital stay. And secondary outcome measures: plasma interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α level, gastrointestinal score, and incidence of surgical intervention. The quality of the included literature was evaluated by using the Cochrane systematic evaluator's manual 5.1.0 risk of bias assessment tool, and meta-analysis was performed by using Stata16.0 software.Results:A total of 762 patients were enrolled in 9 RCTs. The results of meta-analysis showed that: among the main outcome indicators, C-reactive protein level [Mean Difference ( MD)=-7.58, 95% CI: -23.71-8.55, P>0.05], incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome [Logarithm Risk Ratio (Log RR)=-0.30, 95% CI: -0.71-0.10, P>0.05], incidence of pancreatic infection and necrosis (Log RR=-0.21, 95% CI: -0.57-0.16, P>0.05) and mortality rate (Log RR=0.13, 95% CI: -0.36-0.62, P>0.05) the differences were not statistically significant. The incidence of complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (Log RR=-0.29, 95% CI: -0.51-0.07, P<0.05), and the length of hospital stay in the experimental group ( MD=-4.45, 95% CI: -7.47--1.43, P<0.05) was significantly shorter than that in the control group. Plasma IL-8 levels ( MD=-7.43, 95% CI: -14.28--0.57, P<0.05), TNF-α level ( MD=-38.96, 95% CI: -72.96--4.95, P<0.05)and gastrointestinal score ( MD=-0.15, 95% CI: -0.17--0.13, P<0.05)were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group, and the incidence of surgical intervention was significantly lower than that of the control group (Log RR=-1.63, 95% CI: -8.96-0.57, P>0.05) no statistical significance. Conclusion:EEN combined with microecological preparations can reduce the length of hospital stay in SAP patients and the incidence of complications. Therefore, EEN combined with microecological agents may be beneficial for SAP patients.