The expression of cancer gene products of insuline-like growth factor Ⅱ (IGF-Ⅱ),IGF-Ⅱ receptors (IGF-Ⅱ-R),and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptors (CSF-1-R) /c-fms in 17 cases of human primary hepatic cancer,the non-cancerous liver tissue adjacent to the cancer,and normal liver tissue was studied with immunocytochemistry (ABC),Western blot and Northern blot techniques.It was found that the expression of IGF-Ⅱ,IGF-Ⅱ-R and CSF-1-R was significantly higher in the cancers than in normal liver tissues,and the expression of IGF-Ⅱ and IGF-Ⅱ-R was higher in the non-cancerous liver tissues than in the cancers.It was noteworthy that the expression of IGF-Ⅱ in both the cancerous and non-cancerous hepatic tissues was characterized by its fetal type.However the expression of CSF-1-R was distinctly higher in the cancers than in the non-cancerous hepatic tissue.These findings,the authors believe,imply that the aberrant overexpression of IGF-Ⅱ,IGF-Ⅱ-R and CSF-l-R might be related to the mechanism of auto-crine-stimulated growtth of the cells of human primary hepatic cancer.

Objective To study the growth inhibition of human hepatoma cells tranfected with type Ⅱ insulin like growth factor receptor (IGF ⅡR) antisense gene. Methods We constructed the recombinant eucaryotic expression plasmids of IGF ⅡR sense and antisense genes, which were transfected into SMMC 7721 human hepatoma cell line using calcium phosphate coprecipitation, and selected in DMEM supplemented with 500 ?g/ml G418(Geneticin) for 2～3 weeks. Then the total number of colonies formed was counted. The effect of IGF ⅡR antisense gene transfection on endogenous IGF ⅡR mRNA levels was examined by Northern blot, and the growth rate and the ability of the transfected cells to form colonies in soft agar medium were also examined. Results The hepatoma cells transfected with IGF ⅡR antisense gene exhibited significant reduction in endogenous IGF ⅡR messenger RNA(mRNA) levels and loss of their ability for anchorage independent growth in soft agar. The IGF ⅡR antisense gene supressed the formation of colonies of SMMC 7721 cells resistant to G418 without alteration on cell growth curve. Conclusion The IGF ⅡR antisense gene expression effectively blocks IGF Ⅱ to IGF ⅡR autocrine and/or paracrine signal transduction pathway and reverses certain aspects of the cell malignant phenotype.

Objective To review the clinical and laboratory features of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Methods The clinical and laboratory data from 246 cases of TBM in Tuberculosis Treatment Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 1,1999 to December 31,2005 were collected and analyzed with SPSS 15.0 software. Results In 246 TBM patients,203(82.5%)was of basilar meningitis, 170(69. 1%)complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Fever,nausea, vomiting and headache were common symptoms in TBM patients. PPD skin tests were positive in 155(63.0%)patients, but only 12(4.9%)were acid-fast bacillus smear-positive in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF test showed that the white blood cells[(320 - 880)× 106/L], protein(0. 95 - 13.8 g/L)were increased, while glucose(1.53 - 3.2 mmol/L)and chloride content(90 - 111 mmol/L)were decreased. Adenosine deaminase ≥8 U/L was observed in 230(93.5%)patients, and 185(75.2%)patients were tuberculosis antibody positive. Eighty-one(32. 9%)patients showed nodular or annular shadows in cranial CT. After comprehensive therapy, 242(98.4%)patients recovered or improved and no sequela was observed, while 4(1.6%)patients died. Conclusion Early diagnosis of TBM should be based on clinical manifestations, changes of cerebrospinal fluid, imaging examination and PPD test.

Objective To determinted whether GM1 had a protective effect on injury induced by serum-deprivation and the possible mechanism in PC12 cells. Methods The viability of PC12 cells was quantified by MTT after serum-deprivation.The number of apoptotic cells and necrotic cells were determined by Hoechst 33258/PI staining.And the change of PKC protein expression on PC12 cells' membrane and cytosols was detected by Western blotting. Results 1.The viability of PC12 cells decreased after serum-deprivation and the serum-deprivation for 24 hours was chosen as an injury model in this research.Most of the PC12 cells presented apoptosis 24 hours after serum-deprivation.In addition,the PC12 cells' cytosols PKC protein decreased,while the PC12 cells' membrane PKC protein increased significantly,and this result suggested PKC's translocation to membrane and its activation.2.The viability of PC12 cells preincubated with GM1 in high concentrations(10,1,0.1?mol/L) increased significantly and GM1 protected PC12 cells from apoptosis after serum-deprived injury.GM1 reduced the damage of serum-deprivation on PC12 cells and inhibited PKC protein translocation after injury.3.The repair function of GM1 was effective to neuronal resume after serum-deprived injury.Conclusion Neuroprotective effects of GM1 on serum-deprived injury may be partly mediated through the regulation of PKC pathways and it is helpful for the recovery after injury.

Objective To establish a method for the in-vitro culture of astrocytes from cerebral cortex of neonatal rats.Methods Astrocytes were isolated from cerebral cortex of the neonatal SD rats aged 24 hours,and then were cultured in the high-glucose DMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum added.The morphological features of astrocytes were examined under inverted microscope.The growth of the third generation of astrocytes was observed with counting plate method and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay.Results The astrocytes from cerebral cortex of neonatal rats grew well,the astrocytes showed typical morphological features,and no other kinds of cells was found.Conclusion A simple and practical in-vitro culture method for rats astrocytes is established.

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) belongs to group C or group G β-hemolytic Streptococcus, SDSE infection cases are mostly related with the consumption of contaminated dairy or meat products, the major symptom is upper respiratory tract infection, and is easily to be misdiagnosed.In June 2014, an outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infection due to SDSE occurred in a kindergarten in Xi'an City.All cases were followed up, the initial case developed as latent nephritis, the main cause for the development of latent nephritis was not performing diagnosis and treatment timely.In order to enhance the understanding of the epidemiological and clinical features of SDSE infection, strengthen prevention and control ability, and reduce the occurrence of adverse sequelae, investigation of the case and epidemic situation should be reported.

Objective: To investigate the effects of novel targeted non-viral vector in gene therapy of human glioma. Methods: The EGF-R targeting gene delivery system GE7 was constructed. Human Glioma cell line U251 was transfected in vitro with ?－gal as reportor gene and p21 as therapeutic gene using this gene delivery system. By means of the assay of ?-galactosidase staining, Western blotting, in situ end labeling apoptosis cells and DNA ladder, the transferring of exogenous genes and the apoptosis of the tumor cells were examined.Results: It was showed that gene transfer efficiency is over 80%. When transfected with p21 gene, the growth of cells was inhibited significantly, and the apoptosis was detected in the transfected cell by the methods of in situ end labeling and DNA ladder. Conclusion: The GE7 gene delivery system has the ability to transfer exogenous gene to tumor cells and the expression of the therapeutic gene can inhibit the growth of the cells.

Objective To investigate gene transfer efficiency of a novel target non-viral vector GE7 and effects of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV 1-tk)/ganciclovir(GCV) mediated by it in vitro. Methods The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) target gene delivery system GE7 was constructed.Human ovarian cancer cell line CAOV3 was transfected in vitro with ?-galactosidase(?-gal) as reporter gene and HSV 1-tk gene as therapeutic gene using this gene delivery system.By means of the assay of X-gal staining, Northern blotting, cell growth-inhibiting curve and so on,the transferring efficiency of exogenous genes and killing effects are observed. Results It showed that gene transfer efficiency is over 80%.When 10 mg/L GCV was put into ovarian cells transfected with HSV 1-tk gene, 95% of cells were killed, and the apoptosis ratio reached up to 30. Conclusions The GE7 gene delivery system is an effective and safe delivery system.GE7/ HSV 1-tk /GCV therapeutic gene system is appraising for ovarian cancer.

After more than3 years of pilot (since 2010), standardized training of resident physicians in Shanghai has made great progress, however, it still needs to be improved. Cerebral and spinal vascular diseases are main types of neurological diseases and they seriously influence people's life and health. Interventional neuroradiology plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral and spinal vascular diseases. However, in the current residency training system in Shanghai or other provinces of China, the training of interventional neuroradiology is not included. In this paper, the authors analyzed the important role of interventional neuroradiology in diagnosis and treatment of cerebral and spinal vascular disorders and discussed the feasibility, method, and time arrangement of including interventional neuroradiology curriculum into the schedule of neurology standardizedresidency training and hoped to provide reference for the relevant departments to formulate a future policy.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between stenosis of intra- or extra-cranial cerebral large artery and capsular warning syndrome(CWS). Methods Eleven consecutive CWS patients hospitalized during period of time from November 2008 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.Result In these 11 patients with CWS, 5 patients had motor symptoms only, 4 patients had pure sensory symptoms, and 2 patients had sensorimotor symptoms. Ten patients underwent cervical contrast-enhanced MRA and intracranial MRA examination. The results showed no sign of arterial stenosis. Seven CWS patients eventually had strokes, 1 progressed to stroke despite receiving the therapy of antiplatelet and anticoagulation. All stroke lesions were located in the capsula interna. All the CWS patients had vascular risks: 7 were smoker, 8 had hypertension, 1 had diabetes mellitus, and 5 had hyperlipidemia. One patient had a history of previous stroke; no patient had a history of ischemic heart disease or atrial fibrillation. At follow-up(10. 2 ±3.4)mouths, the average modified Rankin scale score for all patients was 0. 73 ± 1.20.Conclusion CWS was not associated with stenosis of the intra and extra-cranial large cerebral arteries.CWS may be associated with small-vessel single-penetrator disease.