OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of two therapeutic schemes in the treatment of the first at?tack of schizophrenia.METHODS:206inpatients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to receive antipsychotics plus cognitive behavior therapy(scheme A)or to receive antipsychotics alone(scheme B),the cost-effectiveness of the two schemes was analyzed by the theory of pharmacoeconomics.RESULTS:The costs for scheme A and B were(4460.68?1034.33)yuan and(3883.32?853.46)yuan respectively(P

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of Bailemian Capsule(bulbus lilii,Radix et rhizome seu acanthopanacis senticosi caulis,Caulis polygoni multiflori,Flos albiziae,Concha margaritifera) in combination with buspirone in generalised anxiety disease. METHODS:Seventy-seven patients with generalized anxiety disease were randomly assigned to two groups:Bailemian Capsule in combination with buspirone in the treated group; buspirone alone in the control group. A period of six weeks was one treatment course in each group. The clinical effectiveness was evaluated according to HAMA reactions. RESULTS:HAMA score(P

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and adverse reaction of venlafaxine combined with Bailemian capsule for somatization disorder.METHODS:145 patients with somatization disorder were randomly assigned to receive venlafaxine alone (single group) or in combination with Bailemian capsule (combined group) for 8 weeks.Clinical global impression scale (CGI) and symptom check (SCL-90) were used to assess the efficacy and treatment emergent symptom scale (TESS) was used to assess the adverse reactions.RESULTS:After 8 weeks of treatment,CGI score showed the total effective rate were 88.14% for single group and 94.18% for combined group (P

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of sertraline combined with Shumian capsule for depression of dyssomnia.METHODS:86 patients with depression were randomly assigned to receive sertraline alone(single group) or in combination with Shumian capsule(combined group) for 8 weeks.Clinical effectiveness was evaluated using HAMD and PSQI,and TESS was used to assess the adverse effects.RESULTS:After treatment for 8 weeks,the total effective rate was 88.2% for combined group and 85.7% for single group(P

Objective : To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Morita therapy combined with citalopram in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD). Methods: Fifty-six patients with OCD were randomized to two groups. The patients (N=28 ) in observed group were treated with Morita therapy combined with citalopram. The patients (N=28 ) in control group were treated with citalopram alone. The efficacy and safety were assessed with Y-BOCS, CGI-SI , HAMD and TESS scales. Results : The scores of Y-BOCS , CGI-SI and HAMD scales in observed group were significantly lower than that in control group at the end of 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 6 month after the treatment (P0.05) . Conclusion: Morita therapy combined with citalopram was more effective than citalopram mono-therapy in the treatment of OCD.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies demonstrated that freeze-drying had great influence on internal heat transfer, such as pore distribution and void connectivity, however, the mechanisms involved in heat and mass transfer during drying is poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: Based on the previous studies, micro CT was served as analytical tool, to observe the movement characteristics of sublimation interface in freeze-drying process.METHODS: With aorta of pig, micro-CT scanning, image reconstruction and the technique of grey value analysis were used to observe and analyze the sublimation process in freeze-drying. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The slope of freeze-drying temperature curve was large at first, causing quick sublimation rate. The grey value of freeze-drying and ice crystal area was very different in second-dimensional cross-sectional reconstructed image.Sublimation interface was clear and sublimation took place simultaneously both in the outer'surface and inner surface. The movement of sublimation interface was obvious at this time. Along with the time, the slope of freeze-drying temperature curve became small, leading to slow sublimation rate. The movement of sublimation interface turned unciearly.For the vertically placed artery, when heated at the bottom, the sublimation takes place both in the outer surface and inner surfaceat the same time. The sublimation interface slowly approaches to the middle of vessel wall. With time prolonged, resistance for heat and mass transfer in freeze-drying is increased, and the sublimation rate becomes slowly.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the pharmacoeconomics effectiveness of venlafaxine combined with quetiapine in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression.METHODS:74 patients with treatment-resistant depression were randomly divided into treatment group(n=38) and control group(n=36).Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were evaluated at baseline and the end of 12 weeks treatment using Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD).The total cost of the two groups was calculated and cost-effectiveness analysis was carried out.RESULTS:The per capita cost of treatment group and control group were 1 688.69 and 1487.22 yuan.The HAMD reduction score of 2 groups were 14.5 and 10.2 and the C/E of 2 groups were 116.46 and 145.81,respectively.CONCLUSION:Venlafaxine combine with quetiapine is more economical and practical than venlafaxine alone in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression.

0.05).CONCLUSION: There is no pharmacoeconomic difference between aripiprazol and risperidone in the treatment schizophrenia.

Objective To evaluate the impact of sequence on the quality of bowel preparation in patients with anesthesia for same-day sequential bidirectional endoscopy and propose the optimal procedural sequence.Methods Single center blinded randomized observational study.Sixty-five patients were randomized to either the gastroscopy-first group or the colonoscopy-first group.Bowel cleanliness according to Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS) scores were evaluated,also done the propofol dosage,caecal intubation time,procedure duration and complications.Results The BBPS score of entire colon showed no difference (6.72 ± 1.34 vs.6.89 ± 1.50,P =0.638),but the BBPS of ileal-cecum portion was higher in the colonoscopy-first group (1.21 ±0.54 vs.1.55 ±0.73,P =0.035).The total procedure time,propofol dosage and complications were similar between the two groups.Conclusion The bowel cleanliness of ileal-cecum portion in colonoscopy-first group is better than that of gastroscopy-first group during sequential bidirectional endoscopy in patients with propofol sedation.We propose colonoscopy first in patients with suspicious ileal-cecum lesion.

Objective To evaluate the strategies and effect of surgical treatment for concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Literatures on concomitant AAA and CRC published from January 1988 to December 2008 were retrieved from Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Ovid, CBMdisc, CNKI and et al, and correlated indexes were extracted for analysis. Differences among the groups were analyzed using the t test, chi-square test and fisher's exact test. Results A total of 367 cases of concomitant AAA and CRC treated by operation were retrieved. The length of operation delay of patients who received radical resection of CRC first was (115 ± 21 )days, which was significantly longer than (42 ± 8 )days of patients who received open abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (OAAR) first (t = 18. 9, P <0.05). The 30-day complication rate and accumulative length of hospital stay of patients who received one-stage radical resection of CRC + OAAR were 10.5% ( 12/114 )and (23 ±6) days, and 26.0% (47/181) and ( 16 ±4)days of patients who received two-stage radical resection of CRC + OAAR, with a significant difference ( χ2 = 10.42, t = 12. 01, P <0.05 ). The accumulative length of hospital stay of patients who received radical resection of CRC + endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) was (12 ±4) days, which was significantly shorter than that of patients who received radical resection of CRC + OAAR [ ( 19 ±5 ) days ] ( t = 9.48, P < 0. 05 ). The 4-year survival rate of patients who received two-stage radical resection of CRC + OAAR was 43.5% (27/62), which was significantly lower than that of patients who received two-stage radical resection of CRC + EVAR [69.2% (18/26) ] or one-stage radical resection of CRC + OAAR [73.7%(14/19) ] (χ2 =4.83, 5.28, P<0.05). Conclusions If the diameter of AAA is under 5 cm, radical resection of CRC should be firstly carried out; but if the diameter of AAA is above 5 cm, OAAR should be firstly carried out to prevent the rapture of tumors. One-stage surgery is better than two-stage surgery if patients could tolerate it.