Objective To assess the human β-defensin-2 ( hBD2 ) gene therapeutic efficacy in a rat urinary tract infection (UTI) model via intravesical liposome-mediated gene transfer.Methods Fifty-six female Wistar rats (class SPF) weighting 1 80 -220 were randomly divided into an experiment group and a control group ( each n =28 ).The animals were administered either 250 μl recombinant pCAGG-hBD2 or control vector pCAGG intravesically.After 48 h,rats in both groups were infected via intravesical inoculation with 200 μl of the bacterial suspension of UTI89 ( 1 × 108 CFU/ml).The rats were sacrificed at 4,24,48,and 72 h post-inoculation.The bladders were aseptically removed and bisected.One half was fixed in neutral buffered formalin for histological analysis.The remaining half-bladders were homogenized and titered for surviving bacteria.The clean-catch urine sample from each rat was collected in sterile before they were killed for bacterial titers determined and WBC counted.Results Numbers of bacterial colony-forming unit in urine and bladders from hBD2 gene treated UTI rats were significantly lower than those from the control vector administered UTI rats at 24,36,and 72 h after infection ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The amount of WBC in urine was significantly less in the defensin group than in the control group.In addition,in vivo expression of hBD2 could reduce mucosa damage,interstitium edema and inflammatory cells infiltration in UTI animals.Conclusions The successful inhibition of UTI progression could be obtained with hBD2 gene therapy.Recombinant beta-defensin-2 could kill UTI89 in vivo and suppress the subsequent infection-induced inflammatory responses.

Objective To study chemical constituents in the leaves of Acanthopanax gracilistylus.Methods The chemical components were isolated and purified by silica gel,ODS C-18,and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatogram.The chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data.Results Seventeen compounds were isolated and identified as(-)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid(Ⅰ),quercetin(Ⅱ),kaempferol(Ⅲ),protocatechuic acid(Ⅳ),acankoreoside A(Ⅴ),acantrifoside A(Ⅵ),3?,11?-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupene-23,28-dioic acid(Ⅶ),?-sitosterol(Ⅷ),daucosterol(Ⅸ),palmitic acid(Ⅹ),rutin(Ⅺ),stigmast-5,22-dien-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside(ⅩⅡ),acankoreagenin(ⅩⅢ),3,11-dihydroxy-23-oxo-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid(ⅩⅣ),3-hydroxy-23-oxo-20(29)-lupen-28-oic acid(ⅩⅤ),myristin(ⅩⅥ),and acanthopanaxgric acid(ⅩⅦ).Conclusion Compounds Ⅱ-Ⅳ,Ⅶ,Ⅺ,ⅩⅡ,ⅩⅣ,and ⅩⅤ are obtained from the leaves of the plant for the first time and compounds ⅩⅦ is a new proved compound named acanthopanaxgric acid.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of high thoracic washing in leakage of thoracic esophageal anastomosis.Methods 16 cases of anastomosis leakage after esophageaoctomy were treated with high thoracic washing.Results 13 of 16 patients were cured,with a cure rate of 81.25% and the average hospital time of 46 days.One patient died of bleeding and one died of lung infection and respiratory failure.The other one gave up therapy and discharged selfishly.Conclusion High thoracic washing in treating leakage of thoracic esophageal anastomosis is a reliable way with effect,simple procedure and less complication

Objective Hotelling T2 Test was used to analyze the effect of sibutramine and to provide some information for new drug's exploration. Method Fifty-five patients with body mass index (BMI) over 25kg/m2 were selected according to generally accepted including and excluding criteria. The subjects were divided into 2 groups randomly. Control group was given placebo, and the experimental group were given sibutramine. Biological and biochemical indexes were examined pre-,during and post- clinical trial. Hotelling T2 test was used to compare the index mean vector of different phases. Results There were significant statistical differences between the two groups. (P

Objective To investigate the coping characters in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) by measuring the scores of life events, characteristic copings and coping styles. Methods Compared with those in health controls and peptic ulcer(PU) patients, Life Event Scale and Coping Style Questionnaire were used to evaluate 41 consecutive patients with IBS. Results IBS had a higher score of negative life events (43.92? 5.75 )than health controls (23.45?2.73, P =0.025) and PU(25.43?2.98, P =0.035). IBS also had a higher score of negative coping styles(40.79?8.01) than health controls (35.52?7.60, P =0.010) and PU(36.41?8.41, P =0.045). There was significant difference between IBS and health controls in the coping styles for fancying and withdrawal( P

Objective To investigate the effects of IFN-? and IL-4 on MIP- ? production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in lupus nephritis (LN) Methods MIP-1? expression in supematants was determined by Elisa and MLP-l? mRNA in PBMC was detected by RT-PCR. Results (1) IFN-? increased MIP-1? prouduction of PBMC in LN. (2) IL-4 inhibited MIP-1? production of PBMC in LN. (3) No significant effect on PBMC in controls was found by either IFN-? or IL-4. Conclusion IFN-? enhances MLP- 1? production of PBMC in LN wherease LL-4 inhibits it.

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid artery intima-media thickness and renal function in patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods 424 patients of type 2 diabetes without dialysis were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.According to their artery intima-media thickness (IMT),the patients were divided into normal group and higher IMT group.All patients according to UAER or 24h urinary protein were divided into normal proteinuria group,micro-proteinuria group and clinical proteinuria group.The biochemical examination,eGFR,and atherosclerotic plaque of different groups were compared.Pearson or spearman correlation was used to analyze the relationship between eGFR,IMT and other parameters.Risk factors for eGFR decline were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results Compared with normal group,patients in the higher IMT group were older [(63.3±10.2) year vs (52.5 ± 10.6) year,P ＜ 0.05],and underwent longer duration of diabetes [(8.9±6.7) year vs (6.2±5.7) year,P ＜ 0.05].Their level of eGFR was decreased [(75.92±28.00) ml/min vs (91.64±24.05) ml/ min,P ＜ 0.05],while plaque incidence (71.3％ vs 18.3％,x2=112.42,P ＜ 0.01) and prevalence of hypertension (56.4％ vs 29.6％,x2=27.22,P ＜ 0.01) increased.Correlation analysis showed that IMT was positively correlated with age (r=0.503,P ＜ 0.01),duration of diabetes (r=0.204,P ＜ 0.01),24 h urine protein (rs=0.175,P ＜ 0.05),plaque (rs=0.562,P ＜ 0.01),and hypertension (rs=0.193,P ＜ 0.01),but negatively correlated with eGFR (r=-0.307,P ＜ 0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that age,serum uric acid,24 h urine protein and carotid artery intima-media thickness were independent risk factors for eGFR decline [OR=1.115,95％CI(1.053,1.165),P ＜ 0.001;OR=1.008,95％CI (1.002,1.014),P=0.006;OR=1.492,95％ CI(1.170,1.903),P=0.001;OR=1.619,95％ CI(1.121,2.339),P=0.010].Conclusion Carotid artery intima-media thickness is an independent risk factor for kidney function decline in patients of diabetes.

BACKGROUND:Hemodialysis therapy is an important means for the treatment of acute renal failure, which aims to remove excess water and toxins and maintain acid-base balance of a patient, creating conditions for medication and nutrition therapy while avoiding multiple organ failure. OBJECTIVE:To compare bicarbonate-and lactate-buffered solutions for acute continuous hemodiafiltration in acute renal failure. METHODS:A computer-based search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, SCI, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Journal Ful Text Database, Chinese Medical Association Journals for randomized control trials related to bicarbonate-versus lactate-buffered solutions for hemodiafiltration in acute renal failure published before January 2014. The quality of the included studies was evaluated by Cochrane Handbook, and data were analyzed by RevMan 5.1 from the Cochrane Col aboration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Four studies (171 patients) met inclusion criteria. Overal , patients treated with bicarbonate-buffered solutions had fewer cardiovascular complications and symptomatic hypotension events as wel as lower serum lactate levels than patients who received lactate-buffered solutions (P<0.05). There were no differences in mortality, serum bicarbonate levels, serum creatinine, serum pH, carbon dioxide partial pressure. The current evidence shows that patients undergoing bicarbonate-buffered solutions may experience fewer cardiovascular complications and symptomatic hypotension. Given the limited research, it is insufficient to recommend for clinical use.

OBJECTIVETo verify the clinical efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion on depressive states of stroke patients' spouses.

METHODSForty-four subjects who were stroke patients' spouses and according with inclusive criteria with mild or moderate depressive states were randomly divided into an acupuncture-moxibustion group and a blank control group, 22 cases in each group. In the acupuncture-moxibustion group, acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Shenting (GV 24), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3), and suspended moxibustion was used at Shenque (CV 8), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Zhongwan (CV 12). The treatment was given twice a week for continuous 8 weeks. In the blank control group, neither acupuncture nor moxibustion treatment was given, and the patients were only treated with health and psychological guidance. Before treatment and after 8-week treatment, scores of self-rating depression scale (SDS) and numbers of insomnia severity grade were observed.

RESULTSIn the two groups, the scores of SDS were both reduced than those before treatment (both P<0.05), and the decrease in the acupuncture-moxibustion group was more obvious (P<0.05). After treatment, the number of insomnia severity grade in the acupuncture-moxibustion group was improved than that before treatment (P<0.001), and the improvement was evidently superior to that in the blank control group (P<0.05). The numbers of insomnia severity grade of the blank control group before and after treatment had no statistic significance (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe acupuncture and moxibustion intervention plan has clinical treatment significance on the improvement of mild and moderate depressive states for the stroke patients' primary caregivers who are the patients' spouses.

Aged ; Depression ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Spouses ; psychology ; Stroke ; psychology