TLC-scanner method was used to determine the content of schizandrin A and tanshinone ⅡA in wulingwan. The average recovery of both schizandrin A and tanshinone ⅡA are 98.31% (CV = 2.1% ) and 99.15% (CV = 1.1% ) respectively.This method is simple and rapid.Its reproducibility is satisfactory.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dezocine on the c-fos expression in neurons in the midbrain periaqueductal gray in a rat model of incisional pain.Methods Thirty-six pathogen-free healthy adult male Wistar rats,weighing 250-300 g,were divided into 3 groups (n =12 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),incisional pain group (group I) and dezocine group (group D).A 1 cm longitudinal incision was made through skin,fascia and muscle of the plantar aspect of the right hind paw in sevoflurane-anesthetized rats.In group C,the rats were only anesthetized and underwent no operation.In group I,0.9％ sodium chloride solution 2 ml was injected via the caudal vein at 15 min before the model was established.In group D,dezocine 1 mg/kg (diluted to 2 ml in 0.9％ sodium chloride solution) was injected via the caudal vein at 15 min before the model was established.At 24 h before operation (T0) and 2,6 and 24 h after operation (T1-3),the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and cumulative pain score were measured.After measurement of the pain threshold at T3,the whole brain was removed for determination of the c-fos expression in neurons in the midbrain periaqueductal gray by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with group C,the MWT was significantly decreased,cumulative pain scores were increased,and the expression of c-fos in neurons in the midbrain periaqueductal gray was upregulated at T1-3 in I and D groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I,the MWT was significantly increased,the cumulative pain score was decreased,and the expression of c-fos protein in neurons in the midbrain periaqueductal gray was down-regulated at T1.3 in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion Dezocine mitigates incisional pain through inhibiting the expression of c-fos in neurons in the midbrain periaqueductal gray of rats.

Objective To study the short-term and medium-term effects of mini- strip anchor and capsulotomy in the treatment of first metacarpophalangeal joint dislocation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods From January 2015 to December 2016,fifty-eight RA patients with first metacarpophalangeal joint dislocation were randomly divided into study group (20 cases),joint replacement group (19 cases) and non-operation group (19 cases). Postoperative evaluation indexes: the wound healing was observed in accordance with ＂trial standard of functional evaluation of upper limbs of Chinese Medical Association Hand Surgery Society＂. The surgical outcomes of the three groups were compared. The hand function and quality of life were assessed by Michiga Hand Outcomes Questionnaire ( MHQ ) and arthritis impact measurement scale 2 (AIMS2) before treatment, 6 months after treatment and 12 months after treatment. Results All the patients in the study group and the joint replacement group healed by first intention without any early complications. According to the criteria of upper extremity functional evaluation of Chinese Medical Association,the curative effect of the operation was evaluated. In the study group,15 cases were excellent,3 cases were good,2 cases were poor,the excellent and good rate was 90. 0%. In the joint replacement group, 15 cases were excellent,3 cases were good,1 case was poor,and the excellent and good rate was 94. 7%. After treatment for 6months, the MHQ scores were improved significantly in the three groups (( 48. 36 ±8. 24) vs. (73. 06±10. 55); (47. 56±7. 75) vs. (81. 42±8. 54); (48. 75±8. 85) vs. (65. 91±8. 26)) (F＝33. 19,35. 12,28. 42, P＜0. 05). The MHQ scores of study group ( (73. 06±10. 55)points) and joint replacement group ( ( 81. 42 ± 8. 54) points) were significantly higher than those of non-operation group ((65. 91± 8. 26) points) ( P＜0. 05), and the MHQ scores of joint replacement group were significantly higher than those of study group (P＜0. 05). At 12 months after treatment,there was no significant difference in MHQ score between the study group ((82. 45±7. 18)points) and the arthroplasty group ((84. 36±6. 33) points) (P＞0. 05) . At 6 and 12 months after treatment, AIMS2 scores of each group were significantly improved,but AIMS2 scores of study group (( 216. 51 ± 35. 28) points, ( 230. 28 ± 23. 51) points) and arthroplasty group ((221. 45±31. 63) points,(234. 15±21. 42) points) were significantly higher than those of non-operation group ((192.69±41.31) points,(200.43 ±28.42) points) (P＜0.05).At 6 and 12 months after treatment,there was no significant difference in AIMS2 scores between the study group and the arthroplasty group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ) . Conclusion Micro-strip line anchors combined with posterior capsulorrhaphy in the treatment of first metacarpophalangeal joint dislocation in rheumatoid arthritis can achieve good stability of articular reduction,significantly improve the joint function and quality of life and have ideal short-term and mid-term effect.

【Objective】 To investigate the changing trends in etiology and treatment of male urethral stricture in recent 10 years. 【Methods】 A total of 940 male patients with urethral stricture admitted to the Department of Urology of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital during Jan.2013 and Dec.2022 were continually collected.The clinical data were divided into two groups according to the time of admission, namely the group from 2013 to 2017 and the group from 2018 to 2022, for a comparative analysis of the previous and subsequent 5 years.The etiology, location, length and the type of treatment of urethral stricture were retrospectively analyzed. 【Results】 The causes of the 940 cases of male urethral stricture were trauma in 447(47.55%), iatrogenic injury in 220(23.40%), idiopathic causes in 128(13.62%), lichen sclerosus (LS) in 78(8.30%), infection in 46(4.89%), and other causes in 21(2.23%).The treatment methods were urethroplasty in 691(73.51%), direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) in 122(12.98%), urethral dilatation in 86(9.15%), and suprapubic cystostomy in 41(4.36%).Compared with the previous 5 years, in the past 5 years, the proportion of urethral stricture caused by trauma decreased significantly (60.34% vs. 41.71%, P<0.001), while the proportion of iatrogenic injury increased significantly (17.63% vs. 26.05%, P=0.005). In the past 5 years, the proportion of urethroplasty increased from 68.81% to 75.66% (P=0.027), while the proportion of DVIU decreased from 19.66% to 9.92% (P<0.001). In the past 5 years, the proportion of membranous urethral stenosis decreased significantly (26.98% vs. 50.85%, χ²=51.06, P<0.001),the proportion of penile urethral stricture (21.40% vs. 7.80%, χ²=26.37, P<0.001) and meatal stenosis (9.30% vs. 4.75%, χ²=5.80, P<0.001) increased significantly. 【Conclusion】 In the past decade, trauma was the main cause of male urethral strictures, but its proportion showed a decreasing trend.Iatrogenic injury led to a gradual increase in urethral strictures, which was the second leading cause of male urethral stricture.The application of urethroplasty increased significantly, making it the main treatment method for male urethral stricture.