OBJECTIVE:To provide references for the evolving and standardization of Chinese online pharmacy regulation. METHODS: We explored the online pharmacy regulations in the USA and European countries in term of the mode, scope and means of regulation as well as analyzed the existing problem in online pharmacy of China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Some issues such as administrative regulation and self-discipline of industries, domestic regulation and international cooperation, pharmacy regulation and consumer education etc should be taken into fully consideration in the practice of Chinese online pharmacy regulation.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare powder of promoting blood circulation to arrest pain and to establish its quality con?trol method.METHODS:Qualitative identification of panax pseudo-ginseng,frankincense and dragon blood in the powder of promoting blood circulation to arrest pain was performed by TLC method.The content of dracorhodin in the dragon blood was determined by TLC Scanning Method.RESULTS:Good linear relationship was achieved when the sample size of dracorhodin perchlorate remained within the scope of0.6?g～3.2?g(r=0.9999).The average recovery rate was98.22%(RSD=1.53%).CONCLUSION:This preparation method is feasible,and the quality control method is simple,accurate and reproducible.

Objective To investigate the relationship between Alzheimer disease(AD) and plasma homocysteine (HCY) level. Methods Rate of mini mental state examination(MMSE) and levels of plasma homocysteine and folate and vitamin B12 were determined in 68 AD patients, which were compared with 60 healthy older. Results The mean plasma level of HCY was higher in AD patients than that in contrast group,and the very reverse of plasma level of folate and vitamin B12(P15?mol/L,the odd ratio(OR) was 4.3(95% CI 1.89～7.43). Plasma level of HCY was negatively correlated with that of folate and vitamin B12 and rate of MMSE in two groups. Conclusion The high level of plasma HCY is an important risky factor to AD patients. The lack of nutrition elements of folate and vitamin B12 et al can result in the rising of plasma HCY.

Objective To promote worldwide standardization of methods to determine creatinine by tracing to reference measurement for achieving universal accuracy measurement of creatinine.Methods The results of external laboratory assessment (EQA) survey in China and CAP were compared and analyzed. Results There was significant difference among different measurement methods and assay systems.Conclusion It should promote worldwide standardization of determine creatinine, which makes it trace to reference measurement liquid chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (LC-IDMS).

Brain computer interface (BCI) is an interactive communication technology which can be achieved independent of human peripheral nerves and muscles.It provides a man-machine communication and control channel,without using muscular tissue,and makes the communication with outside world possible.This review describes the composition and working principle of the BCI system on the basis of the pervious research results.Then,it focuses on the comparative analysis of physiological parameter and the methods of feature extraction of visual evoked potential technology,spontaneous MU rhythm technology,slow cortical potential technology and so on.At last,the application of BCI technology and the prospect of its development are summarized.

Objective To study the protective mechanism of S-adenosylmethionine ( SAM) underlying liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharides ( LPS). Methods One hundred BABL/c mice were randomly divided into LPS group and SAM group. Mice in LPS group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg LPS,and the mice in SAM group were injected with 100 mg/kg SAM 2 h before receiving the same dose of LPS. The survival rate of mice in 2 groups was recorded in 24,48,72 and 120 h after LPS injection. Histopathological changes in liver of mice were examined in 0,1,3,6,12 and 24 h after LPS injection. Tumor necrosis factor-? ( TNF-?) and interleukin-10 ( IL-10) levels in serum were measured by ELISA analysis at above time points. Expression of Toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4) and liver X receptor ? ( LXR?) in hepatic tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results SAM increased the survival rate of mice from 50. 0% ,40. 0% ,30. 0% ,and 30. 0% before LPS injection to 80. 0% ,70. 0% ,60. 0% ,and 50. 0% after its injection ( P

S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) is a physiologically active molecule in all the organizations and the human body fluids, and it is important to participate in a variety of biochemical reactions, the regulation of liver regeneration, liver cells differentiation and various sensitivity of the injury. The SAM affects the liver through a variety of ways. It is confirmed that the SAM and MTA can block the LPS-induced TNF-α of Kupffer cells to protect the liver. In a word, S-adenosylmethionine may be beneficial to LPS-induced liver in-jury in clinical treatment.

Objective To observe the expressions of c-Ski in renal tissue of diabetic nephropathy rats, and discuss its significance. Methods Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Control group, diabetic group and treatment group. Rats were killed at the 16th week after experiment. Histopathologic changes,in renal tissue were observed and immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA and c-Ski. Results The expression of c-Ski had a negative correlation with TGF-β1 and α-SMA. Compared to diabetic group, the expression of c-Ski was significantly increased in treatment group. Conclusion c-Ski may be a protective factor of tu-bular epithelial-myofibroblast transformation.

Objective To investigate the drug effect of children with Dent disease who received therapy of po-tassium citrate and thiazide diuretics and angiotensin -converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEI),and to provide the refe-rence for the clinical treatment.Methods Dent disease patient who were followed -up in Bayi Children′s Hospital Af-filiated to Beijing Military Region General Hospital during the period of July 2006 and March 201 4 were selected.The patients were administered a therapy of potassium citrate associated with thiazide diuretics and ACEI according to the level of proteinuria and calciuria and serum potassium.The underlying changes before and after the treatment were com-pared and analyzed.Results In 1 5 children with Dent disease,they were all male cases,onset age ranged from 3 months to 1 1 years old[(2.62 ±3.1 1 )years old],and the disease duration ranged from 0.50 to 9.50 years old [(2.81 ±2.34)years].The patients were followed up for 0.50 to 7.50 years[(3.61 ±2.62)years].There was a sig-nificantly statistical difference in calcium/creatinine and daily Ca -creat ratio in contrast to before treatment[(0.41 ± 0.1 9)mg/mg vs(0.26 ±0.1 2)mg/mg,t =2.603,P =0.021 ;(6.76 ±2.0)mg/kg vs (4.34 ±1 .97)mg/kg,t =5.265,P =0.000],there was no significantly statistical difference in 24 -hour urinary protein quantity in contrast to before treatment[(0.96 ±0.62)g/24 h vs (0.87 ±0.44)g/24 h,t =1 .01 6,P =0.327].One case with kidney stone and 5 cases with nephrocalcinosis had a negative result of renal ultrasound after treatment.Conclusions Treatment of potassium citrate combination with thiazide diuretics and ACEI can significantly decrease urinary calcium excretion, make a disappearance of kidney stone and nephrocalcinosi,and it may have a role in protecting renal function.Treat-ment of benazepril can not significantly decrease the proteinuria and has no substantial improvement in low molecular weight protein urine.

Objective To compare the efficacies of automatic erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) analyzer using EDTA as blood anticoagulant ,traditional Westergren method and ESR analyzer using sodium citrate as blood anticoagulant in detecting ESR , in order to chose the appropriate one for clinical application .Methods A total of 40 samples were collected and divided into 3 groups .The ESR was detected by using XC‐A30 automatic ESR analyzer using EDTA as blood anticoagulant (XC ESR analyzer) , Westergren method and VISION‐C automatic ESR analyzer using sodium citrate as blood anticoagulant (VISION ESR analyzer) ,re‐spectively .Statistical analysis was used to comparing the detection results of ESR among the three methods .The repeatability test was carried out for evaluating repeatability of VISION ESR analyser .Results There was statistically significant difference in ESR detected by using Westergren ,XC ESR analyzer and VISION ESR analyzer(F=86 .497 ,P=0 .000) .There was statistically signifi‐cant difference in ESR between that detected by using XC ESR analyzer and that detected by using Westergren (t= -4 .08 ,P=0 .004) .The ESR detected by using VISION ESR analyzer was positively correlated with that detected by using Westergren (r=0 .975 ,P=0 .000) .There was no statistically significant difference in ESR between that detected by using VISION ESR analyzer and that detected by using Westergren(t=0 .65 ,P=0 .638) .The repetitive tests of analyzer shown that the within‐run coefficient of variation(CV) and between‐run CV both were less than 10% .Conclusion The ESR detected by using VISION ESR analyzer which is simple operation and with credible result has good correlation with that detected by using Westergren .The VISION ESR analyzer might be suitable for clinical application .