Acute pancreatitis is a common serious disease, and considered to be inflammatory disturbance course. The early storm of proinflammatory cytokine releasing evokes systemic inflammatorome response syndrome (SIRS) ,and leads to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MOPS). At the late phase, because massive of antiin-flammatory cytokines initiate compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome ( CARS), the body immune func-tions suffer suppressed and result in infection or toxemia. So reestablishing baulance of SIRS/CARS has considera-ble clinical meaning to the AP patient morbidity. In this article, we will overview the relevant factors and mecha-nisms of the SIRS/CARS induced by AP.

The prognosis of advanced gastric cancer and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma is poor. Although che-motherapy prolongs patient survival and improves quality of life to a greater extent best supportive care compared to, the median over-survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer is limited to approximately 7-10 months. With remarkable progress in the understand-ing of molecular mechanisms, molecular-targeted agents have been developed and evaluated in international randomized phaseⅢclini-cal trials. These agents may change the treatment mode of this disease. A ToGA study initially demonstrated that the trastuzumab, the monoclonal antibody of HER-2, as a molecular-targeted agent, in combination with chemotherapy, can prolong the overall survival of patients to 13.8 months. Several agents targeting angiogenesis, c-Met, PARP, and immunotherapy are currently subjected to clinical tri-als. This review summarizes the current status of molecular-targeted therapies for gastric cancer and GEJ adenocarcinoma.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a non-encoding small molecular RNA, is entitled to regulate gene expression after transcription, which plays a key role in the progress of tumorigenesis, growth and metastasis. MiR-29 family consists in miR-29a, miR-29b and miR-29c, all featured by the regulation of breast cancer. This review will summarize the regulation and molecular mechanism of miR-29 family in all critical stages of breast cancer, and evaluate the value of miR-29 as a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target.

Objective To evaluate the effects of FTY720 pretreatment on lung injury induced by limb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 230-260 g,were divided into 3 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),I/R group and FTY720 group (group F).Bilateral hind limb I/R was induced by applying rubber band tourniquet high around each thigh for 3 h followed by 3 h of reperfusion.FTY720 was given by intragastric gavage at 3 mg · kg-1 · d-1 for 7 consecutive days before I/R in group F,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group I/R.At the end of reperfusion,blood samples were collected from the carotid artery for blood gas analysis,and oxygenation index (OI) was calculated.The rats were then sacrificed and lungs removed for examination of pathological changes (with light microscope) and for determination of apoptosis rate (using flow cytometry) and expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP),caspase-12,c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK),Bcl-2 and Bax protein in lung tissues (using Western blot).Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was calculated.Results Compared with group S,OI was significantly decreased in group I/R,and apoptosis rate was increased,the expression of CHOP,caspase-12,JNK and Bax protein was up-regulated,and the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated,and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was increased in I/R and F groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I/R,OI was significantly increased,apoptosis rate was decreased,the expression of caspase-12,CHOP,Bax and JNK protein was down-regulated,and the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated,and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was decreased in group F (P＜0.05).The pathological changes of lungs were significantly attenuated in group F as compared with group I/R.Conclusion FTY720 pretreatment can attenuate lung injury induced by limb I/R in rats,and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related cell apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) on the H22 experimental hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Methods Totally 80 mice were inflicted to experimental hepatoma by implanting H22 cells to their liver lobes, and then equally and randomly divided into experimental hepatoma group (B) and GdCl3 pretreatment group (10 mg/kg, C). Another 40 mice served as normal control group (A). Ten mice from every group were killed respectively 7, 14, and 28 d after implantation. The left 10 mice were used for recording survival time and measuring the mass weight. Hepatic pathological histology was observed, and the expression of TNF-? was detected by ELISA and RT-PCR. Results ①Survival time was obviously higher in group B than in group C (P

Objective To compare the efficacy of mechanical ventilation (MV) with low tidal volume (LTV) plus positive expiratory end pressure (PEEP) and conventioal MV in the treatment of traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS). Methods From Oct 1997 to Oct 2003, 26 cases of traumatic ARDS patients were treated by conventioal MV(group A, n=11) or MV with LTV plus PEEP(group B,n=15), and clinical data of the patients were recorded and compared. Results There were no statistical difference in the PaO 2 of blood gas analysis and hemodynamic indices between the two groups, while the PaCO 2 was higher in group B than that in group A(P

Objective To explore the efficacy of tentorium cerebelli hiatus incision for treatment of severe brain injury complicated with tentorial herniation. Methods Tentorium cerebelli hiatus incision was performed in 38 patients of severe brain injury with secondary brain stem damage resulted from tentorial herniation after intracranial hematoma evacuation and bone flap craniotomy decompression. The changes of four sides cistern, ambient cistern and interpeduncular cistern before and after operation were observed. Results There was a siginificant difference in the appearance ratio of four sides cistern, ambient cistern and interpeduncular cistern between the preoperation and postoperation(P

AIM: To explore the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of hypoxia inhalation on asthma. METHODS: Guinea pigs were randomized into the normal group(NG), asthmatic group(AG) and the hypoxia inhalation-treated group(HITG). The model of asthma was established in the latter two groups through sensitization and induction with 10% ovalbumin(OA) and 1% OA, respectively. The animals in HITG were treated with hypoxia inhalation (13.0%?0.5% O 2/N 2 mixed gas). The content of serum cortisol, the number of eosinophils(EOS) and percentage of hypodense eosinophils(HEOS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),the number of CD 4 +T-lymphocyte in peripheral blood(PB) and the tension of airway muscle were determined. RESULTS: (1)The content of serum cortisol was significantly higher in NG and HITG than in AG( P

Objective To evaluate the safety of temporary cardiac pacemaker during perioperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in patients with bradyarrhythmia. Methods Temporary cardiac pacemakers were installed preoperatively in 34 elderly patients with bradyarrhythmia for LC. On operation the ultrasonic harmonic scalpel, instead of electrotome, was used to perform dissection and coagulation. Results LC was completed successfully in all the 34 patients without surgery-related complications or perioperative serious cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions Utilization of temporary cardiac pacemaker and ultrasonic harmonic scalpel may considerably enhance the perioperative safety and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular complications in elderly patients with bradyarrhythmia.

Objective To investigate the expression of C/EBP homology protein (CHOP) in peripheral brain tissue of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its correlation with the injury severity.Methods The study included peripheral brain tissues of 41 TBI patients (TBI group).Another 16 autopsy specimens succumbed to other diseases (except for TBI or other central nervous system diseases) were selected as controls.The control group and TBI group were subdivided into immaturity group (≤18 years),adult group (18-59 years) and elderly group (＞59 years).According to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) on admission,TBI group was classified as severe TBI group (GCS of 6-8) and particularly-severe TBI group (GCS of 3-5).CHOP expression in peripheral tissues after TBI was compared in between different age,gender and GCS.Nerve cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL technique and correlation between CHOP level and apoptotic number was analyzed.Results There were no age and gender differences regarding CHOP expression in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group,expression of CHOP presented notable up-regulation in TBI group (P ＜ 0.05).Expression of CHOP presented no gender difference in TBI group (P ＞ 0.05),but its expression was lower in the aged than in adult or immaturity (P ＜ 0.05) as well as notably higher in particularly-severe TBI group than in severe TBI group (P ＜ 0.05).Nerve cell apoptosis in TBI group was far greater in number than that in control group (P ＜0.05).A positive correlation was observed between CHOP level and apoptotic index (r =0.72,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Expression level of CHOP after TBI is closely related to the injury severity and nerve cell apoptosis,but the apoptosis pathway induced by CHOP may not be a major factor in secondary brain injury after TBI in the aged patients.