Objective To determine the content of calycosin-7-?-O-D-glucopyranpside in Danggui Buxie Dropping Pills.Methods HPLC method was used. The chromatographic column was YMC-C18(150?4.6 mm, 5 ?m), the mobile phase was methanol and water(40 ∶60), the detection wavelenth was 235 nm, column temperature at 20 ℃and flow rate was 1.0mL/min.Results Calycosin-7-?-O-D-glucopyranpside was separated well with other components and was in good linearity in the range of 0.02～0.80 ?g. The average recovery was 97.62 %and RSD=1.06 %.Conclusion The method is rapid and accurate and can be used for quality control of Danggui Buxie Dropping Pills.

New antibiotics with novel modes of action and structures are urgently needed to combat the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Bacterial signal peptidase I (SPase I) is an indispensable enzyme responsible for cleaving the signal peptide of preprotein to release the matured proteins. Increasing evidence suggests that SPase I plays a crucial role in bacterial pathogenesis by regulating the excretion of a variety of virulent factors, maturation of quorum sensing factor and the intrinsic resistance against beta-lactams. Recently, breakthrough has been achieved in the understanding of three-dimensional structure of SPase I as well as the mechanism of enzyme-inhibitors interaction. Three families of inhibitors are identified, i.e. signal peptide derivatives, beta-lactams and arylomycins. In this article, we summarize the recent advance in the study of structure, activity and structure-activity relationship of SPase I inhibitors.

The new educational system integrating both medical undergraduate and professional degrees,by integrating the curriculum system rationally,strengthening the clinical practice,innovating the assessment and management mode,establishes and enforces normative resident physician training system to cultivate high-starting point general practitioners led by medical colleges and provide qualified general practitioners,for the purpose of supporting the health reform successfully.

Reversible protein phosphorylation regulates multiple biochemical events. Mycobacterium tuberculosis phosphatases play important roles in regulating the pathogen physiology and interference of host signaling. They are also involved in the evasion of host immune response and blockage of the phagosome-lysosome fusion. Selective inhibition of phosphatase represents an ideal new avenue of anti-tuberculosis drug design. In this paper, we update the progresses about the regulation network of Mycobacterium tuberculosis phosphatases including MptpA, MptpB, MstP, SapM and their inhibitors. These serve as the basis for further antituberculosis drug target.

Nanomedicine offers great promise for early diagnosis and treatment of formidable diseases. The unique morphology and biology characteristics of bacteriophage provide unprecedented opportunity for such endeavor. The paper summarizes the application of bacteriophage in nanobiomaterials, nanomedicine, nanomedicine delivery and nanodiagnosis, especially the nano-imaging reagents and future direction concerning nanomedicine based on bacteriophage.

Bacterial communities usually develop biofilms abound in nature niche. The development of biofilm is a highly dynamic and complex process coordinated by multiple mechanisms, of which two-component system and quorum sensing are two well-defined systems. Biofilm is involved in the virulence of many pathogens. Therefore, targeting the key factors involved in the biofilm formation represents a novel and promising avenue for developing better antibiotics.

The effects of ATP-sensitive mitochondrial K(+) channel (mitoK(ATP)) on mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), cell proliferation and protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) expression in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were investigated. Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were immunized with saline (controls) or ovalbumin (OVA) with alum (asthma models). ASMCs were cultured from the lung of control and asthma rats. ASMCs were treated with diazoxide (the potent activator of mitoK(ATP)) or 5-hydroxydencanote (5-HD, the inhibitor of mitoK(ATP)). Rhodamine-123 (R-123) was used to detect Δψm. The expression of PKCα protein was examined by using Western blotting, while PKCα mRNA expression was detected by using real-time PCR. The proliferation of ASMCs was measured by MTT assay and cell cycle analysis. In diazoxide-treated normal ASMCs, the R-123 fluorescence intensity, protein and mRNA levels of PKCα, MTT A values and percentage of cells in S phase were markedly increased as compared with untreated controls. The ratio of G(0)/G(1) cells was decreased (P<0.05) in diazoxide-treated ASMCs from normal rats. However, there were no significant differences between the ASMCs from healthy rats treated with 5-HD and the normal control group. In untreated and diazoxide-treated ASMCs of asthmatic rats, the R-123 fluorescence intensity, protein and mRNA levels of PKCα, MTT A values and the percentage of cells in S phase were increased in comparison to the normal control group. Furthermore, in comparison to ASMCs from asthmatic rats, these values were considerably increased in asthmatic group treated with diazoxide (P<0.05). After exposure to 5-HD for 24 h, these values were decreased as compared with asthma control group (P<0.05). In ASMCs of asthma, the signal transduction pathway of PKCα may be involved in cell proliferation, which is induced by the opening of mitoK(ATP) and the depolarization of Δψm.

Objective To explore the practice and efficacy of multidisciplinary collaborative management in the prevention and control of multidrug-resistant organism(MDRO)healthcare-associated infection(HAI).Methods MDROs isolated from clinical specimens and MDRO infection in hospitalized patients in April 2012-March 2013(before intervention)and April 2013-March 2014(after intervention)were analyzed retrospectively.Since April 2013,multidisciplinary collaborative management has been implemented,isolation of MDROs and MDRO HAI in hospitalized patients before and after intervention were compared and analyzed.Results 798 and 833 MDRO strains were isolated before and after the intervention respectively,isolation rate of MDROs after intervention was lower than that before intervention(25.71%vs 31.89%,P<0.001).After the implementation of multidisciplinary collaborative management,incidence of MDRO HAI decreased from 0.94%before intervention to 0.63%;hand hygiene compliance rate of health care workers(HCWs)increased from 36.44%before intervention to 53.51%;compliance rate of contact isolation increased from 65.29%before intervention to 90.88%;rational usage rate of antimicrobial agents increased from 64.93%before intervention to 72.53%;specimen detection rate in patients with therapeutic antimicrobial use increased from 41.36%before intervention to 58.72%,differences were all statistically significant(all P<0.001).Conclusion The practice of multidisciplinary collaborative management can effectively implement the prevention and control measures of MDRO HAI,effectively reduce the occurrence of MDRO HAI.

Objective To investigate the changes of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty on the auditory function in adult patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).The possible mechanism of hypoxemia was analyzed,and hypercapnia might affect auditory function and the effect of operation to hearing was improved.Methods A total of 82 adult patients who were made a diagnosis by polysomnography (PSG) with severe OSAHS had been diagnosed by pure tone audiometry,tympa-nometry,auditory brainstem responses (ABR),and otoacoustic emissions (OAE) before and 6 months after surgical treatments.The control group included 43 non-snoring healthy people through the same line of the above test.Results (1)Among 82 patients who underwent uvulopalatopharyngoplasty,symptoms were resolved in 51 patients,significantly improved in 24 patients,and somewhat improved in7 patients at 6 months followed-up,yielding a total effective rate of 100％.(2)There were no significant differences in hearing threshold across 250 to 4 000 Hz on pure tone audiometry between OSAHS and control groups (P ＞ 0.05),although hearing thresholds at high frequencies showed significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).(3)The latencies of ABR waves Ⅰ and Ⅴ in the OSAHS group were significantly longer than control group (P ＜ 0.05).The interpeak lantency intervals of wave Ⅲ ～ Ⅴ in patients with OSAHS were longer than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference was showed before and after surgery (P ＞ 0.05).(4)Distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) detection rate and amplitudes at all frequencies were poorer in OSAHS group before surgery compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05),and significant changes were found after surgical treatments (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions OSAHS can impair auditory function,probably from chronic hypoxia,which can be improved by surgical treatment in adult patients with severe OSAHS.

Objective To analyze the related factors,and discuss the causes and prevention measures of pharyngocutaneous fistula caused by total laryngectomy.Methods The complete chnical data of 118 patients underwent laryngeal ancer surgery were analyzed retrospectively.Analyzed the relationship between pharyngocutaneous fistula and the factors of sex,age,pre-operative nutrition states,preoperative radiotherapy,prior tracheotomy,neck dissection,tumor position,clinical stage of tumor,patho-staging,post-operative infection comobidity with analysis of single factor.Results Among the 118 cases of laryngeal carcinoma,17 cases were pharyngocutaneous fistula after operation,the incidence was 14.4％ (17/118).According to the statistical analysis results,the predominant influencing factors in the causation of pharyngocutaneous fistula were:pre-operative nutrition states,pre-operative radiotherapy,clinical stage of tumor and post-operative infection.Concusion Pharyngocutaneous fistula after total laryngectomy is related to many factors,avoiding the above mentioned factors can reduce the rate of fistula and improve the life quality.