Objective: To construct eukaryotic expression vector pSecTag2/HygroB-DAF of human decay accelerating factor (DAF) and transfect NIH/3T3 cells after encapsulated by chitosan. Methods:The human DAF fragments were obtained by PCR form DAF-pGEM-T Easy Vector, cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pSecTag2/HygroB, and identified by restriction endonuclease’s digestion and DNA sequencing. After the particles of pSecTag2/HygroB-DAF were encapsulated by chitosan, the NIH/3T3 cells were transfected by chitosan-DAF nanoparticles and detected DAF expression by immunohistochemistry stain. Results:The DAF fragment was 1049 bp. Its sequence was as same as DAF cDNA in Genebank. After having been transfected by chitosan-DAF nanoparticles 24 hours, the NIH/3T3 cells showed diffusely positive in cytoplasms by anti-DAF immunohistochemistry. Conclusion:Eukaryotic expression vector of human DAF were constructed successfully and transfected it to NIH/3T3 cells after encapsulated by chitosan.

Objective To compare the treatment effects and toxicity of late co urse accelerated hyperfractionation radiotherapy (LCAFR), LCAFR plus concurren t chemotherapy (LCAFR+C) and conventional fractionation radiotherapy(CFR) on esop hageal cancer. Methods 150 patients with squamous carcinoma of thoracic esophag us were divided randomly into three groups: 1.CFR group, patients were irradiate d 2.0?Gy/f, 5 times a week, to a total does of 60?Gy. 2. LCAFR group, patients wer e first irradiated with CFR to 30?Gy, then followed by 1.5?Gy/f bid, at more t han 6 hours' interval, to the total dose of 60?Gy. 3.LCAFR+C group: The radiotherap y technique was the same as the LCAFR group, but weekly 20 mg DDP and 500 mg 5-Fu wer e added simultaneously for 5 weeks. Results All three groups completed their tre atment course. Of CFR, LCAFR and LCAFR+C groups, the 1-,2-,3- and 4-year sur viva l rates were 54%, 30%, 18%, 18%; 76%, 56%, 44%, 42% and 82%, 62%, 50%, 44%. The 1-,2-,3- and 4-year local control rates were 40%, 32%, 26%, 24%; 72%, 60%, 5 6%, 54% and 78%, 66%, 60%, 56%, with obvious better results in the latter two groups (P0.05). The acute toxic effect was severer in the LCAFR+C g roup than in the other two, with the difference significant between the LCAFR+C and CFR group, bu t not between the LCAFR and CFR group. The tolerance of the patients to LCAFR wa s better than that of LCAFR+C group. There were no significant differences in la te complications and causes of death between the three groups. The main cause of death was local recurrence and uncontrolled primary disease, which were signifi cantly lower in the LCAFR and LCAFR+C groups than in the CFR group. Conclusions Both late course accelerated hyperfractionation radiotherapy and late course acc elera ted hyperfractionation radiotherapy plus chemotherapy can significantly improve the local control and survival of esophageal cancer, but the latter has increase d toxicity. Concurrent small dose chemotherapy can not lowered the remote metas tatic rate.

To study the dynamic changes of CT perfusion parameters during the first 12 h in the embolic cerebral ischemia models. Local cerebral ischemia model were established in 7 New Zealand white rabbits. All CT scans were performed with a GE Lightspeed 16 multislice CT. Following the baseline scan, further CT perfusion scans were performed at the same locations 20 min, 1-6 h and 8, 10 and 12 h after the embolus delivery. Maps of all parameters were obtained by CT perfusion software at each time point. The brains, taken 12 h after the scan, were sliced corresponding to the positions of the CT slices and stained by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). On the basis of the TTC results, the ischemic sides were divided into 3 regions: core, penumbra and the relatively normal region. The changes of all parameters were then divided into 3 stages. In the first two hours (the first stage), the CBV dropped more remarkably in the core than in the penumbra but rose slightly in the relatively normal region while the CBF decreased and MTT, TTP extended in all regions to varying degrees. In the 2nd-5th h (the second stage), all the parameters fluctuated slightly around a certain level. In the 5th-12th h (the third stage), the CBV and CBF dropped, and MTT and TTP were prolonged or shortened slightly in the core and penumbra though much notably in the former while the CBV, CBF rose and MTT, TTP were shortened remarkably in the relatively normal region. We experimentally demonstrated that the location and extent of cerebral ischemia could be accurately assessed by CT perfusion imaging. The pathophysiology of the ischemia could be reflected by the CT perfusion to varying degrees.
Blood Flow Velocity ; Brain Ischemia/physiopathology ; Brain Ischemia/*radiography ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Stroke/physiopathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

AIM: By Applying magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS) to distinguish delayed neuronal death and reactive glial proliferation in ipsilateral hippocampus of MCAO reperfusion rats.METHODS: Sixteen adult Wistar rats with MCA occlusion for 1 h then perfusion through remove the embolus were used in the experiment.10 pseudooperaton rats were served as control.MRS and pathologic examination were performed six weeks after operation.The hippocampus modality,cell density and immunohistochemical results with N-acetylaspartate,creatine and myo-inositol changes were compared.RESULTS: The values of NAA,Cr and NAA/Cr ratio of ipsilateral hippocampus lesion in MCAO reperfusion rats(2.05?0.33,2.42?0.41 and 0.86?0.10) were decreased distinctly than those in opposite side(3.45?0.58,3.10?0.93,1.18?0.32) and control group(3.42?0.43,3.57?0.47,0.98?0.14).MI value and mI/Cr ratio in ischemic hippocampus(1.47,1.30) were visible increased than those in control group(0.15,0.15).CONCLUSIONS: MRS is a perfect technique for observing the cellular metabolic changes in CA1 region.Decrease in NAA resulted from neuron delayed injury and increase in mI resulted from reactive astrocytes proliferation can be matched respectively.However,the decrease in NAA is not perfectly corresponded to the degree of neuron lost.This change has closed correlation with reactive astrocytes proliferation.

Objective To explore the strategy and response of medical emergency centers to unexpected disaster,such as snowstorm in 2008.Method The response of Wuxi Medical Emergency Center to the snowstorm in 2008 was retrospectivey analyzed.Results Because of the disaster response plan in advance,preparation for the ambulance,and effective integration of pre-hospital care,pre-hospital tasks were completed successfully.But there existed some unsatisfied points,such as anti-skid chains wasn't fully prepared,and affected the efficiency of emergency treatment.Conclusions The increase of government input,good preparation,emergency network construction,scientific and timely disaster response plans are key to disaster events,such as snowstorm.

Objective To investigate the technique and application of nasolacrimal duct imaging using MR hydrography.Methods Eight healthy volunteers(16 lacrimal ducts)and 17 patients affected by primary epiphora(32 lacrimal ducts)underwent MRl with three.dimensional fast recovery fast spin echo (3D-FRFSE)MR dacryocystography(MRD)sequence after sterile saline solution had been instilled into the conjunctival sac.For all patients affected by primary epiphora,FRFSE T2-weighted oblique coronal and axial images were obtained after MRD.All patients(32 lacrimal ducts)underwem lacrimal endoscopy.which served as a standard of reference for confirming MR findings.Results Eight cases of 16 normal lacrimal passages were showed by MR hydrography with administering topical sterile saline solution,which demonstrated the lacrimal sac well and whole course of the nasolacrimal duct.Endoscopic findings confirmed nasolacrimal duct obstruction secondary to chronic non-specific inflammation:the color of the mucosa of the nasolaerimal ducts was grey-red,and the obstructive sinuses were filled with nonelastic grey-white membrane.The accuracy of 3D-FRFSE MRD sequence in diagnosing obstructive level was 78%(25/32). The lacrimal ducts above the obstructive level showed watery hypo-intensity on 3D-FRFSE MRD.and the lacrimal ducts below the obstructive level could not be showed.Abnormal findings were presented in all cases of obstructive nasolacrimal ducts with Axi-FRFSET2 WI and Cor-FRFSET,WI sequences:long T2 fluid signals were seen in the lumens of tlle lacrimal sac and(or)nasolacrimal duct above the obstructive level. equal or slightly long T2 soft-tissue signals were seen in the lumens of the nasolaerimal duct below the obstructive level.and the mucosa of the ducts thickened Conclusion MR imaging performed after the topical administration of sterile saline solution can reveal normal nasolacrimal duct and is feasible in evaluating obstructive nasolacrimal ducts.

Chromosome Y does not recombine with any other at meiosis except that on pseudoautosomal region. Polymorphic markers on the chromosome Y are paternal inheritance and are haploidly inherited. Variance of the sequences comes from accumulated mutation. These properties make them unique and important not only to anthroponomy and genetics but also to forensic science and medicine.
Forensic Medicine ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Y Chromosome

OBJECTIVETo obtain population genetic data at 15 short tandem repeat(STRs) in Shandong Han population.

METHODSFifteen STRs were genotyped in 200 unrelated individuals from Shandong Han population using Identifiler(TM) Kit.

RESULTSIn this Shandong Han population, the observed heterozygosities of the 15 loci ranged from 0.605 to 0.882, and the expected heterozygosities were 0.625-0.862, the polymorphic information contents ranged from 0.57 to 0.85, the discrimination powers ranged from 0.795 to 0.958, and the exclusion probabilities ranged from 0.297 to 0.758. The non-differentiation exact P values at TPOX loci were more than 0.05 between Shandong and Han population of Henan, Jilin, and Jiangsu. The non-differentiation exact P values between Shandong Han population and others populations were more than 0.05 at others loci. The P value at D13S317 was more than 0.05 between Shandong Han population and Ewenki population.

CONCLUSIONThese loci are polymorphic in Shandong Han population, and the discrimination powers and exclusion probabilities were high in the 15 STRs except TPOX and TH01.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Female ; Forensic Genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genome, Human ; genetics ; Genomics ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

The Rh blood group system is one of the most complex and important systems known in humans. It has two homologous structure genes in tandem on 1p34.3-36.1 that encode Rh protein. The Rh protein is a membrane in red blood cell that has 12 transmembrane spans. Rh antigens have many variants; there are three genetic polymorphisms in the RhD-negative individual. The Rh blood group system is of great significance in clinical transfusion and hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). Rh PCR genotyping is used for prenatal diagnosis in fetus, but still it has some defects, and in this connection further knowledge about Rh system will be necessary to solve the problem.
Erythroblastosis, Fetal ; blood ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Rh-Hr Blood-Group System ; blood ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo construct a genetic map based on data from the Chinese population in northern part of China and to compare relationship between physical distance and genetic distance on chromosome 22.

METHODSPCR amplification was employed to genotype 6 STR loci on chromosome 22, and pedigree analysis was performed.

RESULTSA genetic map of Chinese Han population in the northern part of China was constructed and a preliminary comparison of the physical and genetic distances between 6 STR loci on chromosome 22 was made.

CONCLUSIONThere is complex relationship between genetic distance and physical distance: the distance between STR loci is related to physical distance but also recombination fraction, and there are differences of the genetic and physical distances on chromosome 22 between Chinese and Caucasian, and between the male and female.

China ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Pedigree