Objective　To evaluate the efficacy and safty of pegging hydroxyapatite orbital implants.Methods　Fourty-five patients who received drilling and pegging of hydroxyapatite orbital implants were studied retrospectively, and all patients used the peg and sleeve system followed-up 2 to 24 months.Results　The rate of success of the first operations is 82.2%. Complications associated with pegging included peg hole drilled on an angle, drilling off-center, drilled hole shallow, granuloma and infection, total complications occured in 22.2% in the review, most that are of a minor nature can be cured.Conclusions　The hydroxyapatite orbital implants can be directly coupled to the prosthesis through a peg system, allowing a wide range of prosthesis movement and giving a more lifelike quality to the prosthesis. When and how to drill and exactly hole on implant is the key for pegging.

Objective To study the ultrastructural changes of hypertrophic scars and animal wound healing models induced by radionuclide 90 Sr exposure and to get the most effective dosage and time in the prevention and treatment of scars. Methods The clinical hypertrophic scars and animal wound models were exposed using 90 Sr applicator in this study. The exposure doses were 200 800 cGy and 200 4 000 cGy. Then the fibroblastic ultrastructure of the tissues from the experimental and control groups were observed with transmission electron microscope. Results Compared with the control groups, capillaries and fibroblasts obviously increased in small and medium doses (200 600 cGy) groups and fibroblastic function was activated. The fibroblasts decreased and fibroblastic function was inhibited in large dose (800 2 000 cGy) groups. Conclusions Small and medium dose of 90 Sr can accelerate wound healing, and can therefore be used in the treatment of early wounds (2 3 days after wounded) ; large dose of 90 Sr can prevent scars from hyperplasia, and can be used in the wounds of the first week after operation; 1 000 2 000 cGy 90 Sr can cure the old hypertrophic scars or keloids; It is useless that 90 Sr exposes before operation for prevention of scars.The most effective method to prevent scars from hyperplasia is large dose of 90 Sr exposure after operation.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of selective portal vein embolization (SPVE) in treatment of liver tumor in rats and to provide the groundwork for its future clinical applications. Methods 24 healthy rats underwent the embolization. Pre and post SPVE portogram and liver chemical profile were obtained. Four rats were sacrificed at 10 min, 7,14, 21 and 28 days respectively following follow up portography. The liver, heart, lungs and kidneys were examined macroscopically and microscopically. Fifteen rats implanted with Walker 256 tumor sized from 3 to 10 mm in liver were scanned with MRI and portography pre SPVE taken. Post SPVE 3 rats were examined with MRI for each group at the same interval as above and the lives were examined microscopically. Results (1) The blood flow to the target portal branches were immediately halted after SPVE. These vessels remained occluded without collateral formation up to 28 days. (2) The liver indexes and BUN level increased after embolization, but returned to normal within 21 d. Macroscopic and microscopic changes were not found in the heart, lungs or kidneys. (3) In the healthy rats, the affected segment was atrophic and the remaining liver underwent compensatory hypertrophy. Histologic examination revealed that the targeted portal veins were coagulated, the endothelium were degenerated and the local hepatocytes were necrotic after embolization. (4) In the rats with implanted liver tumor, the affected segment including the tumor was necrotic and atrophic. The tumors were completely necrotic, and no viable tumor cell was seen under microscope in 12 among the 15 rats. Three tumors 10 mm in diameter were not completely necrotic. Part of tumor cells were still alive and infiltrated into the surrounding liver. Conclusion SPVE with ethanol is effective in the treatment of small liver tumor in rats. However,in case of bigger tumors involving several segments, SPVE should be combined with other treatment.

Objective To determine the genetic subtypes and susceptible population of Cryptoccocus neoformans in China. Methods We analyzed 129 strains of Cryptococcus neoformans isolated during the period from 1980 through 2006 in 18 Prov-inces and municipalities of central and eastern China using epidemiological method,PCR fingerprint,and multilocus sequence typing (MLST).Results About 71.5% (91/129)of the clinical strains were isolated from the patients without any recognizable immunodeficiency.Only 8.5% (11/129)of the strains were from AIDS patients.The remaining 20.9% (27/129)were from patients with underlying diseases other than HIV infection.Furthermore,PCR fingerprinting and MLST showed that serotype A strains exhibited a unique VNⅠsubtype,which was distinguishable from the reference VNⅠmolecular types.For convenience we named this unique genotype as VNⅠc.Conclusions People without any recognizable immunodeficiency are the main susceptible population of the 129 clinical strains of Cryptococcus neoformans ,which contrasts with the reports from other countries.The different genetic subtypes of Cryptococcus neoformans between China and other countries may contribute to such a difference.

Objective To study and evaluate islet cell adenoma of preliminary diagnosis.Method Retrospective analysis Wag done on 22 patients clinical data of preliminarily diagnosed islet cell adenoma.They were divided into two groups according to final diagnosis,group of islet cell adenoma(n=16)and group of reacfional hypoglycemia n=6).Results There were significant differences between the two groups in term of fames,cold sweat,cataphora,Whipple triad,hungry test,the ratio offasting blood insulin and fasting blood glucose exceeding 0.3 (I/G＞0.3) (P＜0.05).No statistical differences were found on blood glucose level in hypoglycemia onset,psychiatric symptom.Conclusion The clinic data is helpful for preliminary diagnosis,and Whipple triad,hungry test,I/G＞0.3 above all.

Objective To explore the effects of keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR) transgene on sodium channel in alveolar type Ⅱ cells with LPS-induced acute lung injury, to provide the evidence for gene treatment in acute lung injury. Method Totally 40 male Sprague-Dawtey rats were randomly divided into four groups, including normal control (n=8), injured control (n=10), normal transgene (n=10) and injured transgene (n=12). The models of acute lung injury were produced using LPS, and the successful criteria was the obvious enlargement in the lung tissue. The rats in normal transgene group and injured transgene group were injected with 1 mL of KGFR adenovirus vector through rats' tail vein. At 72 hours later, the rats in injured control group and injured transgene group were injected with LPS in dose of 5 mg/kg (BW). While rats in normal control group and normal transgene group were injected with equivalent saline simultaneously. Another 48 hours later, rats in the four groups were killed. The lung tissue were collected for analysis. The expression of sodium channel in rats' alveolar type Ⅱ cells were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunoeectron microscope. Difference among the experimental groups were estimated by ANOVA analysis (LSD-t-test). There was statistical signifi-cance when P<0.05. Results The levels of sodium channel expression in rats' alveolar type Ⅱ cells were differ-era, with normal control group (47.7±3.33), normal transgene group (46.9±5.21), injured tramgene group (29.19±4.11) and injured control group (5.1±2.3). The level of sodium channel expression in injured trans-gene group was lower than that in normal transgene group (t=9.134, P<0.001) and normal control group (t=10.601,P<0.001), but signifieantly higher than that in injured control group (t=16.466, P<0.001). Conclusions The transgene vector can effectively promote the expression of sodium channel in alveolar type Ⅱ cells in rats with LPS-indueed acute lung injury, and can alleviate sodium and water reteraion in alveolar.

Objective To discuss the application and effect evaluation of the standard operation procedure ( SOP ) teaching method during applying surgical practice teaching in local medical college . Method 123 undergraduate students from Grade 2011 clinical medical major in Medical College of Shaoguan University were selected as objects of study. The students were divided into test (odd) group and control (even) group by draw. The two groups were taught by the same teachers, while the SOP method was applied to the test group (n=62) and the traditional surgical clinical teaching method was applied to the control group (n=61). Meanwhile, we used a combined method of the formative assessment and final assess-ment to compare and analyze the teaching feedback. After their graduate internship, we compared their autonomous study capability, clinical evaluation thought, normativity of the operation and capability in their intern positions as well as the degree of satisfaction of the test of two groups by doing a survey among them. All these were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software, and t test was used to compare two groups' measurement in-formation and count data with chi-square. Results The comprehensive evaluation scores of the test group were significantly higher than the control group, in which the margin was of statistical value [(79.394 ± 8.049) vs. (71.703±10.462), t=39.632, P=0.000]. The percentage of excellence of the test group was signif-icantly higher than the control group, in which the margin was of statistical value (59.68% vs. 39.35%, χ2=5.082, P=0.024). The percentage of failure of the test group was lower than the group taught by the tradi-tional method, in which the margin was of statistical value (3.22%vs. 16.39%, χ2=4.652, P=0.031). Its for-mative assessment result on the evaluation of the experimental teaching process and summative assessment scores were higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant [formative scores points: (46.018 ±5.749) vs. (42.771 ±6.459), t=19.445, P=0.000; summative scores: (33.659 ±3.437) vs. (29.063±4.366), t=36.249, P=0.000]. As far as their clinical graduate internship adaptation capabilities were concerned, students from the test group had more satisfaction on the teaching feedback over 4 perspectives than the other group, in which the margin was of statistical value. Experimental groups' satisfaction showed that: 93.55% of students thought the standard operation procedure (SOP) teaching method was beneficial to improving their clinical practice skills, 91.94%thought that it improved their surgical clinical work ability to adapt, 85.48% thought it helped to cultivate their surgical clinical thinking and innovation ability. Conclusions The SOP teaching method in surgical practice teaching helps to enhance students' clinical operation and adaptation capability and promote the teaching quality.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the necessity of MRI as a routine examination for diagnosis of glomus tumor.

METHODSFrom Nov. 2013 to July 2014, 7 cases of glomus tumor were treated in our department. All patients had typical clinical symptoms of glomus tumor and received preoperative X-ray and/or MRI examination. The diagnosis was confirmed by postoperative histopathologic examination. All the patients were retrospectively analyzed by reviewing the preoperative examination results and PubMed search results.

RESULTS2 cases underwent only X-ray examination before operation with no positive results. 3 cases underwent both X-ray and MRI. No positive finding happened in X-ray, while MRI showed glomus tumor characteristic on T1- and T2-weighted images which demonstreated a more intense signal after injection of gadolinium. The last 2 cases underwent only MRI examination, which revealed positive images of glomus tumor.

CONCLUSIONSMRI plays an important role in diagnosis of glomus tumor and should be adopted as a routine examination.

Objective To investigate alteration of SHP-1 mRNA and protein of bone marrow cells of leukemia mice after ?-ray exposure.Methods A total of 318 BALB/c mice were exposed to ~(60)Co ?-ray once a week for 4 weeks,and the total dose of ?ray received by mice was 7.00 Gy.By pathological examination,39 mice developed thymic lymphoma,14 acute lymphocytic leukemia,21 T-lymphoblast leukemia/lymphoma,1 spiroma,4 malignant yolk sac tumor.Exposed to ?-ray,the mice that developed leukemia or were free of canceration were used in our study(n=10 in each group),and another 10 mice free from irradiation served as control.SHP-1 mRNA and protein in femoral bone marrow cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR) and Western blotting respectively.Results SHP-1 mRNA in leukemia mice was(5.26?2.14),significantly higher than that of mice free of canceration(3.68?1.27) and controls(2.95?1.09)(P