Objective To explore optimal effectiveness concentration of Iodophor(a iodic complex) disinfectant in order to reduce further the intrapartum infection rate of pericineum incision.Methods Pericineums of 4760 puerperants with lateral perineotomy were sterilized by 5% Iodophor disinfectant solution,these puerperants had child-birth in period from Jun 1998 to Aug,2002 in our hositpal,as experimental group.Other hositalized 3520 puerperants with lateral perineotomy during Mar.1996 to May 1998,their pericineums were sterilized by 0 5% Iodophor disinfectant solution,as control group.Results Intrapartum infection rate of operation-assisted labor,spontaneous delivery was lower in the experimental group than those of control group.There was obvisusly difference(P

Objective To develop a Vocational Interest Scale of University Students which fits the contemporary current university students, and it could give directions to university students when they were choosing a vocation. Methods Taking Holland's theory as the guide and taking 65 items of Self-Directed Search (SDS) for reference, then adding 28 items which standed for contemporary current university students' ideas of vocational interest to develop original Vocational Interest Scale of University Students. Results The formal scale included 7 tendency(subscales) and 61 items,7 subscales were technology tendency, administration tendency, business trade tendency ,art tendency ,investigation tendency,transaction tendency. The reliability of the scale was very good, the Cronbach's coefficients and spit-half reliability were over 0.7. The factor analysis abstracted 7 factors and the total variance explained reached 45%. The factor analysis results indicated that the scale had a good structure.Conclusion This scale make vocational interest as measuring object and could be a useful tool to give directions to university students who are choosing some vocation.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of CA125 and CA153 for the combined detection of the disease in breast cancer patients.Methods 100 cases of breast cancer patients were selected as the breast cancer group,and the same period 100 cases of benign breast lesions were selected as the benign group,100 cases of normal healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The expression levels of CA125 and CA153 in the three groups were detected.Results CA153 and CA125 levels in the breast cancer group was (78.4 ± 23.76) U/mL,(71.3 ± 24.7) U/mL; The benign group CA153 and CA125 content were (13.4 ± 3.7) U/mL,(20.6 ± 12.4) U/mL;CA153 and CA125 in the normal control group content were (0.9 ± 0.8) U/mL,(19.3 ± 11.3) U/mL; CA153 and CA125 in the breast cancer group were significantly higher than those of the benign group and the normal control group,the difference was statistically significant (F =34.15,28.42,all P ＜ 0.05) ; CA153 and CA125 alone detected in breast cancer detection rate was 31.0 ％,24.0 ％,respectively,combined detection of CA153 and CA125 in breast cancer detection rate was 66.0％,CA153 and CA125 alone detected in breast cancer detection rate was significantly lower than the combined detection CA153 and CA125 in the breast cancer detection rate (F =8.21,P ＜ 0.05).CA153 and CA125 expression of breast cancer patients after treatment than that of before treatment significantly reduced,and compare the data with statistically significant (t =21.82,22.31,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The clinical detection of CA125 and CA153 united can effectively improve the diagnosis of breast cancer effect,combined detection of higher sensitivity and specificity.Meanwhile,the combined detection of breast cancer clinical monitoring also ha ssome significance,which is worthy of clinical application.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacoeconomic results of 3 varieties antihistamines in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria. METHODS: 96 patients with idiopathic urticaria were randomly divided into Group A, B and C, treated with mizolastine ,cetirizine and loratatine for 28 days, respectively. The therapeutic effects and recurrence within 7 days after drug withdrawl were observed, and the results were analyzed using cost-minimization analysis. RESULTS: The effective rates in Group A, B, and C were 96.7%, 94.1% and 93.8%, respectively. The recurrent rates within 7 days after discontinuation of the treatment were 40.0%, 35.3% and28.1%, respectively . The cost of drugs were 116.76 yuan, 45.64 yuan and 128.8 yuan, respectively. CONCLUSION: Cetirizine is the preferable treatment prescription for idiopathic urticaria

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of Chinese medicinal liniment pourmask and smearing in the treatment of acne. Methods Two-hundred and nine cases of acne were divided into two groups: treatment group (106 cases) was treated with Chinese medicinal liniment pourmask and smearing for 1 to 4 weeks, and control group was treated with gypsum fibrosum pourmask combining chloramphenicol and salicyic acid tincture for 1 to 4 weeks. Results At 8th week the cure rate, effective rate and improved rate in the treatment group and control group were 70.75 %, 29.25 %, 0 % and 34.95 %, 42.72 %, and 22.33 % respectively. Side effects were not found in the treatment group. Ten cases (9.71 %) in control group had contact dermatitis. Conclusion Chinese medicinal liniment pourmask and smearing have a good efficacy and safety in the treatment of acne.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the function of sustaining quality improvement in preventing perineum wound infection.METHODS The perineum wound infection situation in 2003 was retrospectively analyzed,and since then the measures for sustaining quality improvement were implemented.RESULTS In 2004 and in 2005 the perineum wound infection percentage and the stitch inflammation rate were obviously reduced than in 2003.The difference was statisticaly significant.CONCLUSIONS Sustaining quality improvement is an unceasing,gradually advancing and long-term process.The prevention of perineum wound infection is a long time work for obstetrics workers.To carry out strictly the aseptic technical operation,grasp skilled suture technology,choose easily absorbable suture,maintain suitable cleanliness and nursing and use the antibiotic could be effectively to prevent the perineum wound infection and the stitch inflammation occurrence.

OBJECTIVE: Duplicating the classical alcoholic hepatic injury model, to provide an ideal animal model for research on prevention and treatment of hepatic injury. METHODS: According to the prescription of Lieber-DeCarli, the same calorie fluid animal feed, which contained ethanol or non-ethanol, was prepared. Twenty-three rats were divided into normal control group (n=5), control liquid diet group (n=9), ethanol liquid diet group (n=9). Rats in the normal control group were fed normal diet, and rats in the control liquid diet group and ethanol liquid diet group were fed the corresponding diet for eight weeks. The pathologic changes of hepatic tissue were observed. The activities of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the liver tissue gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), the content of triglyceride (TG), and the lipid peroxidation by-products were assayed. RESULTS: Compared to the normal control and the control liquid diet groups, the activities of ALT, AST, and gamma-GT, and the lipid peroxidation by-products increased significantly in the ethanol liquid diet group. The pathological changes of cellular swelling and fatty degeneration in the ethanol liquid diet group were severe. CONCLUSION: Alcoholic hepatic injury model can be successfully duplicated by Lieber-DeCarli prescription.

Objective: To investigate the occupational health survey of 1-brominepropane (1-BP) enterprises and understand the impact of 1-BP on the health of occupational exposure population. Methods: The occupational health data of 15 1-BP workers were collected from 3 time nodes in 0 months, June and December, and the effects of occupational exposure to 1-BP on health were analyzed. Results: In the workplace with pure 1-BP, the mean air concentration in the workplace was 26.8 mg/m³, and the personal contact level was 29.7 to 63.4 mg/m³. The occupational health monitoring data showed that white blood cell count (WBC) , red blood cell count (RBC) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were compared in 0 months, June, and 12 months, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion During the 12 months observation period, the occupational exposure to 1-BP caused the number of peripheral blood erythrocyte and leukocyte count and the level of alanine transaminase in the workers, but it did not exceed the normal reference range.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding blood-borne occupational exposure among reproductive health staff in Tianjin, China.

METHODSBy random, stratified, and clustered sampling, 507 reproductive health-related medical workers in Tianjin were selected. A Self-Administered KAP Questionnaire on blood-borne occupational exposure was employed to gauge the general characteristics, awareness of knowledge, attitudes to occupational exposure, implementation of pre-exposure protection, incidence of occupational exposure, and demands for continuing education.

RESULTSAmong all respondents, 63.15% (305/483) were aware of the reporting procedures and related departments after the incidence of occupational exposure. The awareness rate of classification of HIV occupational exposure was 48.45% (234/483). About preventive medication time after HIV and hepatitis B virus exposure, the awareness rates were 37.89% (183/483) and 31.47% (152/483), respectively. The average score of occupational exposure knowledge among respondents was 74.45±14.00. The multivariate analysis indicated that medical staff of obstetrics and gynecology, females, doctors and high-level medical institutions showed significantly higher awareness than urology professionals, males, nurses, and medical staff of primary health care institutions, respectively (t = 12.140, t = 5.428, t = 2.582, F = 4.218, P<0.05). Of the respondents, 93.17% (450/483) and 94.41% (456/483) thought that washing hands properly and wearing protective glasses were effective methods for the prevention of occupational exposure, but only 15.94% (89/483) and 3.93% (19/483) adhered to proper hand washing and wearing protective glasses within nearly one year in practical work. Of the respondents, 60.46% (292/483) had experienced the occupational exposure during their vocation, and 95.65% (462/483) needed respective trainings.

CONCLUSIONThe awareness of occupational exposure among reproductive health-related medical staff is lacking, especially in preventative medication and reporting procedures after the incidence of occupational exposure. The implementation of protective measures is inadequate and incidence of occupational exposure is higher. Therefore, continuing education is necessary to improve the knowledge and attitudes towards occupational exposure in medical staff. At the same time, strict and effective supervision and management system should be established.

Adult ; Blood-Borne Pathogens ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Personnel ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Reproductive Health Services ; manpower ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the occurrence and protection of skin/mucosa contamination among obstetrician and gynecologist.

METHODSBy random, stratified, and clustered sampling, 219 obstetrician and gynecologist were selected. 210 valid questionnaires were collected, efficiency is 95.89%. 110 obstetrician and gynecologist come from tertiary hospitals, 100 come from secondary hospitals. A self-administered questionnaire on skin/mucosa contamination was employed to gauge the implementation of protection, types and working links of skin/mucosa contamination.

RESULTSOf the respondents, only 14.76% (31/210) and 5.24% (11/210) adhered to proper hand washing and wearing protective glasses within nearly 1 year in practical work. Of the respondents, 73.81% (155/210) had experienced the skin/mucosa contamination during their vocation, 50.95% (107/210) occurred sharps injuries, 45.71% (96/210) occurred damaged skin contamination, and 43.33% (91/210) occurred mucosa contamination. Sharps injuries mainly occurred when abdominal operation (45.71%, 96/120), damaged skin contamination mainly occurred when gynecological examination (21.43%, 45/210), and mucosa contamination mainly occurred when midwifery (37.14%, 78/210).

CONCLUSIONThe implementation of protective measures is inadequate and incidence of skin/mucosa contamination is higher among obstetrician and gynecologist. Therefore, occupational protection education should focus on different types and working links of skin/mucosa contamination. At the same time, strict supervision and management system should be established.

Hospitals ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Incidence ; Mucous Membrane ; microbiology ; Needlestick Injuries ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Physicians ; statistics & numerical data ; Safety Management ; Skin ; microbiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires