[Summary] Good glycemic control can delay the occurrence and development of diabetic complications. Artificial pancreas, which autonomously mimics the physiologic glucose control of pancreas islet, regulates the blood glucose subtly. Artificial pancreas seems to be one of the promising glucose control approaches.

Intensive blood pressure control reduces macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetic patients.A goal blood pressure of

Objective To discuss the expression and the related factors of E-selectin in insulin-resistant(IR)rat endothelium. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: high fat feed,high fructose feed and the control feed(HF group,HG group and NC group). IR rat model was established by high fat feeding or high fructose feeding for 4 weeks and was evaluated with euglycemic clamp technique. E-selectin protein expression was detected by Western-blot analysis. Results The expression of E-selectin protein in vessel endothelium was increased in HF group and HG group compared with that in NC group (P<0.01), and higher in HF group than in HG group (P<0.05). E-selectin protein expression was correlated significantly with TG, FFA, FIns and HOMA-IR in HF group and HG group (P<0.05). Conclusions IR may cause the increased expression of E-selectin in endothelium of rats fed with high fat or fructose.

Macrovascular complications are the main death or disabling causes of diabetic patients.In recent years,the results of a number of clinical trials aimed at preventing diabetic macrovascular complications have been unveiled.Comprehensive and systemic analysis of these results may give great enlightenment to the clinicans,as well as promote the work in preventing diabetic macroangiopathy in China.

Cystatin C is widely present in nucleated cells of various tissues and body fluids as a cysteine protease inhibitor.It can predict the occurrence of diabetes,and it was significantly associated with diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications such as albuminuria,retinopathy,peripheral arterial disease,and coronary artery disease.This review introduces the research progress of cystatin C in diabetes and diabetic vascular complications.

0.05).(3)The EIDD in group C was significan improved after intervention[(15.79?3.63)% vs(18.12?4.70)%,P0.05).Conclusion The EDD is improved by blood glucose,pressure and lipid control.While the EIDD was not improved.There was no conspiracy effect on the EDD when blood glucose,pressure and lipid control is combined with vitamine E or compound Dansen dripping pill.But the EIDD is improved after intervention with vitamine E.

The enrollment of foreign medical students has expanded year after year.The education of foreign students becomes an important part of college education.In order to explore an effective method of medical education,the difference between Chinese students and foreign ones has been analyzed and the experience has been concluded according to the practice in teaching clinical diagnostics in recent years.

This study was designed to explone whether catalpol exerts a protective effects on kidney of diabetic rats and its possible mechanism.Insulin-like growth factor- I ( IGF- I ) and protein kinase B (PKB/Akt)mRNA and protein expression in kidney of diabetic rats were up-regulated as results of assessments by RT-PCR,immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Catalpol could partially reduce IGF- Ⅰ and Akt expressions in kidney of diabetic rats,and thus alleviate the damage of kidney.

A total of 473 patients of diabetic nephropathy (DN) with normal serum creatinine were recruited.Blood routine,blood lipids and urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) were measured.They were divided into microalbuminuria group (DN1,n =246 ) and macroalbuminuria group (DN2,n =227 ).The white blood cell (WBC) count,monocyte count and CRP significantly increased with the progression of DN in the DN2 group versus those in the DNI group [ (6.8 ± 1.7 ) × 109/L vs.(6.3 ± 1.5 ) × 109/L,(0.49±0.23) ×109/Lvs.(0.32 ±0.21) ×109/L,(4.1 ±1.1)mg/Lvs.(1.7±0.3) mg/L,all P＜ 0.05].According to multiple linear regression analysis,WBC,monocyte,low density lipoproteincholesterol and lymphocyte were found to be independent influencing factors for the elevation of UACR.

Objective To study the impairment and the expression of receptor of advanced glycation endproduct (RAGE) in cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells ( GMC ) induced by constant and intermittent high glucose, and to investigate the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Methods After being cultured under constant and intermittent high glucose with different concentrations for 24 and 48 hours, the morphological changes of rat mesangial cells were observed, the proliferation of GMC was detected by MTT assay, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA)in supernatant were measured by spectrophotometer,and the expressions of RAGE mRNA were evaluated by RT-PCR. Results ( 1 ) Compared with the control group,the cellular morphology was changed in case of constant and intermittent high glucose. The damage of GMC with intermittent high glucose concentrations was more serious. (2)The activity of SOD was decreased and the level of MDA was raised in case of intermittent high glucose concentrations compared with the constant high glucose concentrations (P＜0.05). (3)The expression of RAGE mRNA with intermittent high glucose concentrations was significantly higher than that with constant high glucose concentrations ( P＜0. 01 ). Conclusions The damaging effects and increased expression of RAGE in cultured rat GMC induced by blood glucose fluctuation was much worse than that with constant high glucose. The blood glucose fluctuation may be one of the causes that induce diabetic nephropathy.