Objective To explore the pathological characteristics and prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Methods The pathological data of 465 cases of operable primary breast cancer were analyzed.TNBC was immunohistochemically defined by a lack of expression of ER,PR and Her-2.The differences of pathological characteristics and prognosis between TNBC and non-TNBC were explored.Results TNBC count for about 15%(73/465)of all breast carcinomas.TNBC correlated with younger(＜50y)and premenopausal women (P＜0.05).The follow-up time of the 369 cases was truncated at January 2009,and 39 cases had recurrence or metastasis,the relapse rate of TNBC(18.3%,11/60)was higher than that of non-TNBC(9.1%,28/309,P=0.033).Conclusions The patients with TNBC were younger,and had an increased likelihood of relapse.

Objective: To study the clinical effect of nursing after laparoscopic myomectomy after nursing intervention. Methods: Retrospective analysis of our hospital from 2009 May to 2012 October in our department, laparoscopic myomectomy in the treatment of 148 cases of uterine fibroids patients clinical data, were randomly divided into 2 groups, 74 cases in each group, the control group routine nursing care to patients, nursing intervention on the patients with study group, The quality of life of patients with depression and anxiety scores were compared between the two groups before and after the rate and nursing of exhaust and ambulation time, hospitalization time, complications. Results: Research group of exhaust, ambulation, time of hospitalization, the incidence of complications compared with the control group, showed significant difference; the study group before operation and nursing of patients with anxiety and depression and quality of life scores compared with the control group, there was no significant difference, nursing intervention, there were significant differences. Conclusion: Laparoscopic myomectomy nursing intervention, can promote the rehabilitation, and improve the living condition, patients with significant effect, should be popularized.

Objective To summarize the progress of clinical research on triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC).Methods Domestic and international publications on the study of TNBC in recent years were collected and reviewed.Results The patients with TNBC were younger,and their prognosis was poorer.Besides operation,chemotherapy was the major therapeutic tool for them.Currently the targeted therapy for epidermal growth factor receptor and its signal conducting system was applied to clinical therapy gradually,and it might benefit the patients with TNBC.Conclusion The study on TNBC may bring a new way for therapy.

Objective To evaluate the role of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in 17β estradiol-induced inhibition of propofol-caused neuroapoptosis in the hippocampus of newborn rats.Methods Seventy-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 days,weighing ll-18 g,were divided into 6 groups (n =13 each) using a random number table:dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group,fat emulsion group (group F),17β estradiol group (group E),propofol group (group P),propofol plus 17β estradiol group (group PE) and propofol plusl7β estradiol plus mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor U0126 group (group PEU).17β estradiol 600 μg/kg was injected subcutaneously every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group E,and the equal volume of DMSO was given instead in group DMSO.Propofol 75 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group P,and the equal volume of fat emulsion was injected instead in group F.Propofol 75 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally,and 17β estradiol 600 μg/kg was injected subcutaneously every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group PE.Propofol 75 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally,17β estradiol 600 μg/kg was injected subcutaneously,and U0126 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group PEU.At 15 min after the last injection,3 rats in each group were randomly selected,and arterial blood samples from the cardiac apex were collected for determination of arterial oxygen partial pressure.The animals were sacrificed at 24 h after the last injection for determination of the expression of activated caspase-3 (by immunohistochemistry) and p-ERK1/2 (by Western blot).Results There was no significant difference in arterial oxygen partial pressure between the six groups (P＞0.05).Compared with group F,the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of p-ERK1/2 was downregulated in group P (P＜0.05).Compared with group P,the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly down-regulated,and the expression of p-ERK1/2 was up-regulated in group PE (P＜0.05).Compared with group PE,the expression of activated caspase-3 was significantly up-regulated,and the expression of p-ERK1/2 was down-regulated in group PEU (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which 17β estradiol inhibits propofol-caused neuroapoptosis in the hippocampus is related to up-regulation of the expression of p-ERK1/2 in newborn rats.

Objective:To study the curative efficacy of metformin combined with Jinlida granules in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus and its effects on the serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),adiponectin (APN) and homocysteine(Hcy) levels.Methods:94 patients of gestational diabetes mellitus who were treated from July 2014 to July 2016 in our hospital were selected.According to random number table,those patients were divided into the observation group (n=47) and the control group (n=47).On the basis of routine treatment,such as control diet,reasonable exercise and healthy diet,etc,the control group was treated with metformin,while the observation group was combined with Jinlida granules on the basis of the control group.The changes of blood glucose,blood lipid and serum VEGF,APN and Hcy before and after treatment were compared between the two groups,the incidence of maternal complications and neonatal adverse outcomes were compared.Results:Compared with before treatment,the blood glucose,blood lipid of both groups after treatment were significantly improved (P ＜0.05),the fasting plasma glucose (FBG),postprandial 2h blood glucose (2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc),total cholesterol (TC),triacylglycerol (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) of observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,the serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05);after treatment,the serum VEGF,APN and Hcy levels were significantly improved than those before treatment in both groups (P＜0.05),and the serum VEGF,and Hcy levels of observation group were lower than those of the control group,the serum APN level was higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05);the incidence of gestational hypertension,hydramnios,cesarean section and premature delivery of observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P ＜0.05);the incidence of giant child,neonatal Jaundice and neonatal respiratory distress in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Metformin combined with Jinlida granules was effective for the gestational diabetes mellitus,which could effectively control the blood glucose,blood lipid levels and might be related to the regulation of serum VEGF,APN and Hey levels.

OBJECTIVE To understand the bacterial spectrum distribution of sputum among the lung infection patients in our hospital and their resistance mechanisms for the reasonable clinical application of antibiotics to effectively prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infections. METHODS The pathogens isolated from the sputum of patients were identified with pathogen micro-biochemical identification code and the commonly used antibiotics were detected by drug sensitivity tests. RESULTS From 415 samples of the sputum,537 strains were detected out,from them Gram-positive cocci accounted for 70.8%,Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 28.1%,and Candida albicans accounted for 1.1%;MRSA was in 18 strains and ESBLs 6 strains. CONCLUSIONS It is important to sputum culturing for lung infection patients and determining the pathogen species and in their drug susceptibility results,the in order to rationally use the antibiotics and enhance the effectiveness of treatment.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and the mechanisms of 17β-estradiol on the propofol-induced neuroapoptosis in primary cultured rat cortical neurons.Methods The neurons were cultured for 7 days and then divided into three groups: vehicle-control group ( treated with equal volume of 20% intralipid ) , propofol-treated group ( treated with 500μmol/L propofol) , and propofol plus 17β-estradiol treated group ( treated with 500μmol/L propofol and 0.1 μmol/L 17β-estradiol).12 hours after the treatment, neuroapoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining and TUNEL assay, and the levels of Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 proteins were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the vehicle-control group, the neuroapoptosis increased greatly ( P<0.01 ) , Bcl-2 level reduced ( P <0.01), Bax and cleaved caspase-3 levels increased greatly (P<0.01), and Bcl-2/Bax ratio reduced significantly (P<0.01).Compared with the propofol-treatment group, the neuroapoptosis decreased greatly ( P <0.01), Bcl-2 level increased ( P<0.01 ) , Bax and cleaved caspase-3 levels reduced greatly ( P <0.01 ) , and Bcl-2/Bax ratio increased greatly ( P <0.01 ) . Conclusions 17β-estradiol can protect cortical neurons against propofol-induced cortical neuroapoptosis by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.

Objective To evaluate the effect of 17β estradiol pretreatment on inflammatory responses during propofol-induced apoptosis in hippocampal nerve cells of developing rats.Methods Thirty-nine pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 7 days,weighing 11-18 g,were divided into 3 groups (n =13 each) using a random number table:fat emulsion group (group F),propofol group (group P) and propofol plus 17β estradiol group (group P+E).Propofol 75 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected once every 24 h for 7 consecutive days in group P,and the equal volume of fat emulsion was given instead in group F.In group P+E,17β estradiol 600 μg/kg was subcutaneously injected,and 30 min later propofol 75 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected once every 24 h for 7 consecutive days.The rats were sacrificed at 24 h after the last injection,the brains were removed and hippocampi were isolated for determination of activated caspase-3 expression (using Western blot) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) contents (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).Results The levels of activated caspase-3,IL-1β and TNF-α in hippocampi were significantly higher in group P than in group F (P＜ 0.05).The levels of activated caspase-3,IL-1β and TNF-α in hippocampi were significantly lower in group P+E than in group P (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which 17β estradiol pretreatment inhibits propofol-induced apoptosis in hippocampal nerve cells is related to inhibition of inflammatory responses of developing rats.

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) is related to occurrence and development of dermatofibrosis; however, less is explored about the expression and effect of AT1 and AT2 receptors in the fibroblasts of human hypertrophic scar.OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of Ang Ⅱ type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors in human hypertrophic scars, and explore their effects on collagen synthesis of fibroblasts.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized control experiment was performed at the Experimental Center, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA between August 2006 and November 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Samples of hypertrophic scare were taken from 18 patients (10 males and 8 females, 19-47 years Old). Seven specimens of normal skin served as control. All of the specimens collected were divided into two parts, one part for immunohistochemical staining after fixated by 4% paraformaldehyde, the other part for culturing fibroblasts.METHODS: The expression of both AT1 and AT2 receptors in fibroblasts of hypertrophic scare was detected with immunohistochemical staining and radioligand receptor binding assay. Collagen synthesis was examined in cultured fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars by measuring [3H]-proline incorporation into collagenous proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expression of both AT1 and AT2 receptors in human hypertrophic scars; the [3H]-proline incorporation value in cultured fibroblasts.RESULTS: Positive staining signals of both AT1 and AT2 receptors were found in fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars. Similar results were also observed in cultured fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars, expression level of AT1 and AT2 receptors were (10.69±2.15) fmol/106 cells and (4.9±1.05) fmol/106cells, respectively. In cultured fibreblasts, Ang Ⅱ stimulation significantly increased collagen synthesis, which was inhibited by valsartan, an AT1 receptor blocker, but augmented by PD123319, an AT2 receptor antagonist.CONCLUSION: Both AT1 and AT2 receptors were expressee in the fibreblasts of hypertrophic scars, and Ang Ⅱ regulates collagen synthesis in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts through a negative cross-talk between AT1 and AT2 receptors, which might contribute, at least partly to formation and maturation of human hypertrophic scars.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and the mechanisms of 17β-estradiol on ketamine-induced apoptosis on primary cultured rat cortical neurons. Methods Cortical neurons were primarily cultured for seven days,then divided into four groups :control group ( treated with equal valume of DMSO ),estradiol-treated group ( treated with 0.1 μmol·L-1 17β-estradiol),ketamine-treated group(treated with 100 μmol·L-1 ketamine),ketamine plus 17β-estradiol-treated group( treated with 0. 1 μmol·L-1 17β-estradiol+100μmol·L-1 ketamine). The neurons were treated for 24 hours. The neuron viability was determined by MTT. Neuroapoptosis was measured by nuclear morphometry after Hoechest 33258 dying. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and Bcl-2protein. Results The neuron viability in the ketamine group was(54. 02±7. 78)%,significantly decreased from the control group,whereas ketamine plus 17β-estradiol increased the cell viability to(88. 09±6. 54)%,significantly higher than the ketamine group. The neuroapoptosis rate in the ketamine group was(49. 50±4. 34)%,significantly increased from the control group,while that in the drug combination group was(15. 74 ± 3. 40)%,significantly lower compared with the ketamine group. Meanwhile,the cleaved-caspase-3 expression increased,and Bcl-2 expression decreased remarkably after ketamine treatment,while which was reversed in the drug combination group. Conclusion 17β-estradiol can protect against ketamine-induced injury by inhibiting neuron apoptosis.