AIM: To establish a method of determining eucalyptol, camphor, menthol and borneol in Ganmaokang Spray. METHODS: GC was conducted on a EC-WAX column(30 m?0.53 mm?1.2 ?m) and naphthalene was adopted as internal standard. RESULTS: Eucalyptol, camphor, menthol and borneol respectively showed a good linear relationship in the following ranges of concentration:0.384 48-0.987 12 mg/mL,0.240 6～(0.561 4 mg/mL,)0.367 56-0.857 6 mg/mL and 0.135 6-0.316 4 mg/mL. The average recoveries were obtained as 98.4%, 98.2%, 98.5% and 98.2%(n=5). CONCLUSION: The method is simple, sensitive, accurate and suitable for the determination of four constituents in Ganmaokang Spray.

Objective To analyze the surveillance data from 2003 to 2007 for Hubei province,investigate the epidemic characteristics of human rabies in these years,so as to provide scientific basis for its control and prevention.Methods Rabies data collected from the National Disease Surveillance Reporting System from 2003 to 2007 in Hubei province and 134 Rabies cases investigated in 2007 were analyzed in detail.Results The results showed that the trend of the number of rabies reported cases in Hubei province was obviously increased from 2003 to 2007.The involved counties and districts of the epidemic situation were widely expanded accordingly.Each month had Rabies case,but a lot of cases were dominated in August to November for every year.Most of the cases were farmers and students.The sex ratio of male to female was 2.38∶1.The age of the cases were mainly ranged from 5 to 15 and from 40 to 70 years old.Investigation of 134 cases indicated that the median of the incubative period was 66 days;94.78% of cases were injured by the dog;only 15.67% of injured cases were treated by the medical institution;the vaccinate ratio was 14.93%;the proportion of patients who received wound treatment,vaccinate and passive immunization were 5.80% of all the grade-Ⅲ-exposed patients.Conclusions The epidemic situation of Rabies was serious from 2003 to 2007 for Hubei province.The main reasons of the increase of rabies cases in Hubei province are absence of the effective management of the dog,the lack knowledge of rabies prevention,low rate of vaccine and passive immunization after exposure,and the lack of the standardized management for some of the low level medical institutions.

Objective:To explore the clinical features and risk factors of systemic inflammatory responses syndrome (SIRS) after flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy (FURL) with upper urinary tract stones.Methods:A retrospective of 157 patients with upper urinary calculi treated by FURL who were admitted to Suzhou First People′s Hospital from January 2018 to October 2020 were selected to analyze the treatment results and complications of the patients. Patients were divided into SIRS group ( n=31) and non-SIRS group ( n=126) according to whether they were complicated by SIRS. The clinical data between the two groups were analyzed by a single factor, and the factors with statistical significance were included in the LASSO-Logistic regression analysis. Visualize the model through the Nomogram, and verify and evaluate the discrimination and accuracy of the model. Results:The results of univariate analysis showed that gender( P=0.010), average stone size ( P<0.05), preoperative urine white blood cell count ( P<0.05), operation time ( P<0.05) and postoperative stone bacterial culture ( P<0.05) were different between the two groups and the differences were statistically significant. The LASSO-Logistic regression analysis results show that the above factors were all independent risk factors for patients with SIRS. The Nomogram complicated SIRS risk prediction model constructed based on the above risk factors has good discrimination and high consistency with actual observations. Conclusion:Females, large stones, high preoperative white blood cell counts, longer operation time, and positive bacterial culture of postoperative stones are independent risk factors for SIRS after FURL in patients with upper urinary calculi.

Objective To investigate the clinical appliance value of plantar pressure measurement in hemiplegic patients with acute cerebral infarction(ACI).Methods Plantar pressure was measurered and recorded by the means of Germany-made Zebris in 21 hemiplegic patients with ACI before and 30 d after treatment.Results Although plantar pressure on foot of the paralysed side was found remarkably decreased compared to that of the contralateral side before treatment(all P

OBJECTIVE To study the constituent ratio of the pathogentic bacteria of the newborn omphlitis and their resistance.METHODS The bacteria were identified by ATB-Expression system and antibiotic susceptibility tests.RESULTS Of the specimens in 153 cases,there were 136 positive strains(88.9%).From high to low,Staphylococcus aureus occupied 26.5%,S.epidermidis occupied 16.2%,S.haemolyticus occupied 13.2%,Klebsiella pneumoniae occupied 13.2%,and Escherichia coli occupied 9.6%.Piperacillin/tazobactam,vancomycin,meropenem and imipenem had low drug resistance(2.0%) that doctors could choose the drugs according to pathogenic bacteria.MRSA occupied 13.9%,MRCNS occupied 73.2%.E.coli and K.penumoniae of ESBLs accounted for 21.4% and 44.4%.CONCLUSIONS The main pathogentic bacteria of the newborn omphlitis are S.aureus,S.epidermidis,S.haemolyticus,and K.pneumoniae.Doctors select the antibiotics according to the results of susceptibility test.It is necessary to advise how attend to the newborn in order to decrease the newborn omphlitis.

Objective To investigate the dosimetric difference of organ at risk (OAR) for planning and actual estimated during intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Thirteen patients were enrolled to accept full course of IMRT.CT scans were acquired in the 10th,20th,and 30th fractions during radiotherapy,respectively.OAR,including brain stem,spinal cord,parotid gland and submandibular gland,were delineated on repeated CT scans.The volume change of OAR were investigated.After that,the plans were copied to the new CT image to calculate the escalated average dose of OAR during radiotherapy (Actual estimated receiving dose minus planning dose).Results The change trend of volume was decreasing gradually for parotid gland and submandibular gland during the 10th,20th,and 30th times radiotherapy (all P =0.000).The maximum dose (Dmax) of brain stem and spinal cord and the 50％ volume receiving dose (D50) of parotid gland increased significantly in the 10th,20th,and 30th times during radiotherapy,respectively.The escalated average dose were 3.76 and 3.68 Gy for Dmax of brain stem and spinal cord (P =0.000,0.000),5.11 and 3.54 Gy for D50 of left and right parotid (P =0.001,0.023),and 0.49 and 0.75 Gy for D50 of left and right submandibular gland (P =0.220,0.230),respectively.Conclusions The volume of parotid gland and submandibular gland significantly decreased after radiotherapy The actual receiving dose of brain stem,spinal cord,and parotid gland increased significantly during radiotherapy.However,there was no significant change for the actual receiving dose of submandibular gland.

Objective To compare the dose volume and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) of small intestine between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with dose constraints to the peritoneal space (PS) and the bowel loop (BL) in the treatment of rectal cancer,and to investigate the feasibility of placing a dose constraint to the PS instead of the BL in protection of the small intestine.Methods A total of 24 patients with rectal cancer undergoing postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy were enrolled as subjects.In the 24 patients,12 were treated in supine position an.d 12 in prone position.The weekly computed tomography (CT) scans from pre-treatment to weeks 1-4 of treatment were defined as Plan,1 W,2 W,3 W,and 4 W.Contours of PS and BL were delineated on all CT images.Based on the Plan CT images,two IMRT plans,PPS and PBL,were designed with dose constraints to the PS and BL,respectively.The method was applied to 1-4 W CT images.For each CT scan,the dose volume and NTCP of the small intestine were evaluated in PPs and PBL.Results A total of 109 sets of CT images were acquired from 24 patients,and 218 plans were designed and copied.The median volume of the PS and BL was 1339.28 and 250.27 cm3,respectively.For the Plan CT scans,V15 values of the PS in PPs plan and the BL in PBL plan were 918.96 and 199.57 em3,respectively.For all CT scans,the dose volume of the small intestine in PPs,in most cases,was lower than that in PBL,while V15 values in Ps and PBL were 170.07 and 178.58 cm3 (P=0.000).The dose volume of the small intestine was correlated with V15 (P=0.000).PPs had significantly lower NTCP of chronic and acute adverse reactions than PBL(2.80％ vs.3.00％,P=0.018;57.32％ vs.58.64％,P=0.000).In patients with prone and supine treatment positions,most of the dose volume and NTCP of the small intestine in Ps were significantly lower than those in PBL(P＜0.05 for V10,V15,V30,and NTCP of acute adverse reactions).Conclusions It is feasible to place a dose constraint to the PS instead of the BL for protection of the small intestine during IMRT for rectal cancer.V15＜830 cm3 can be referred to as the objective function of dose restraint.

Objective To investigate the difference in normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) of lower cranial nerves (LCNs) between target volumes recommended by Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and China in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for T1-2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC),and to provide the evidence of dose-volume effect for the protection of LCNs in IMRT for NPC.Methods A total of 20 patients with T1-2 NPC who were treated from 2013 to 2015 were enrolled,and LCNs were delineated on CT images.Target volume delineation and treatment plan designing were performed according to the method recommended by RTOG0225 (RTOG target volume delineation method) or the Chinese Working Committee for Clinical Staging of NPC in 2010 (Chinese target volume delineation method),and the differences in the dose to LCNs and NTCP were calculated.Results In the RTOG and Chinese methods for target volume delineation,Dmax to the left and right LCNs was 7 450±273 cGy/7294±309 cGy and 7 361± 160 cGy/7 190±395 cGy,respectively (P=0.018 and 0.042),Dmean was 6735±285 cGy/6 660±333 cGy and 6 446±429 cGy/6 299±467 cGy,respectively (both P=0.000),and the NTCP was 60％±10％/57％±13％ and 51％±15％/45％±17％,respectively (both P=0.000).Conclusions It is feasible to precisely delineate target volume with the LCNs as a routine OAR and predict NTCP in IMRT for T1-2 NPC.The NTCP of the LCNs is closely associated with target volume dose and irradiated volume.The dose to the LCNs and NTCP determined by the Chinese target volume delineation method are significantly lower than those determined by the RTOG method.

Objective To evaluate the uncertainty of the small bowel dose?volume and the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) during intensity?modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for rectal cancer, and to provide a reference for the dose limit and protection of the small bowel during IMRT for rectal cancer. Methods A total of 20 patients with rectal cancer who received postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy from March 2014 to August 2015 were enrolled in this study, including 10 patients receiving CT scan in the supine position and 10 patients in the prone position. All patients received computed tomography ( CT) scan before the treatment and at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4 of treatment, and they were defined as Plan, 1W, 2W, 3W, and 4W CT groups, respectively. The small bowel loop ( BL ) and peritoneal space ( PS ) were delineated on the images. The IMRT plan based on the Plan CT was copied to the 1W, 2W, 3W, and 4W CT groups, and then the small bowel dose?volume and NTCP were assessed for all CT groups. The paired t?test was used for comparison between groups. The Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between NTCPC(chronic NTCP) and dose?volume. Results A total of 89 CT images of 20 patients were obtained. In all the patients, the volumes of BL and PS were 25121 cm3 and 132416 cm3 , respectively, and the shift% was 2315% and 1134%, respectively. The V15 of BL and PS was 18486 cm3 and 79245 cm3 , respectively, and the shift% was 3169% and 370%, respectively. The V30 of BL and PS was 8801 cm3 and 64573 cm3 , respectively, and the shift% was 3766% and 1049%, respectively. The V15 of BL in 35% of patients and V15 of PS in 20% of patients, the Dmax of BL in 50% of patients, and the NTCP of 15% of patients in the course of treatment exceeded the safety limits. The 1?4W CT groups had a significantly higher NTCPC than the Plan CT group (402% vs. 320%, P=0104), and their SD% was 4168%. There was a significant correlation between NTCPC and V30?V50 of BL (R>0400, P=0000). The NTCPA ( acute NTCP ) and NTCP C in the supine position were significantly higher than those in the prone position ( 6230% vs. 5674%, P=0061;488% vs. 322%, P=0145 ) . Conclusions Small bowel motility leads to an uncertainty of the adverse event assessment during IMRT for rectal cancer. The change in BL is significantly larger than that in PS and the change in BL and PS in the supine position is significantly larger than that in the prone position. Using the prone position and minimizing V15 and V30 when designing the treatment plan can reduce the NTCP A and NTCP C in the small bowel.

Objective To assess the value of emergency interventional embolization in treating traumatic spleen rupture. Methods A total of 74 patients with traumatic spleen rupture, who were encountered at authors’ hospital during the period from July 2007 to July 2013, were enrolled in this study. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into embolization group (n = 38) and surgery group (n = 36). Interventional splenic artery embolization was carried out in the patients of the embolization group, and surgical repair was employed in the patients of the surgery group. The operation time, the amount of blood loss during the procedure, the hospitalization days, the preservation rate of the spleen and the occurrence of procedure- related adverse events were recorded, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results No significant difference in the operation time existed between the two groups (P = 0.061). The amount of blood loss during the procedure, the hospitalization days and the occurrence of procedure- related adverse events in the embolization group were significantly lower than those in the surgery group (P < 0.05), while the preservation rate of the spleen of the embolization group was significantly higher than that of the surgery group (P = 0.026). Conclusion Emergency interventional embolization is a safe procedure for the treatment of traumatic spleen rupture, this technique can improve the preservation rate of the spleen when compared with traditional surgical repair treatment.