Aim To establish a resistant human osteosarcoma cell line(Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4)from the Saos-2 cell line and study its resistant mechanisms.Methods Saos-2 cells were pulse exposed in gradually increased dose of ADM culturemedium.The sensitivity of the resistance drug from the Saos-2、Saos-2/ADM1 and Saos-2/ADM4 cell lines to ADM、DDP、EPI、MTX、THP and PTX was measured by MTT assay.The morphology and ultramicro structure of the cell lines were observed by optical microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy.The expression level of MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA and their proteins P-gp、MRP was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.Results Resistance cell lines were established after 167 days.The resistance index to methotrexate of the Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cell lines to ADM was 49.8 and 74.6 times than that of Saos-2 respectively.The two cell lines had resistance to MTX、IFO、EPI、THP and PTX(P0.05).Disordered structure of the Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cells was observed through microscopy.The cells appeared in coenocytic.The decrease of cell villus and the increase of nucleoli were observed through transmission electronic microscopy.The proliferation ability of Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cells decreased significantly.MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA、P-gp and MRP showed positive staining in resistance cell lines.Conclusion The genes of MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA and their corresponding proteins participated in the formation of multidrug resistance in resistant adriamycin cell line.These newly-described resistant osteosarcoma cell lines were useful models for further characterization of drug resistance in osteosarcoma and for the development of treatment protocol.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the common problems and their management in the endoscopic nasal dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR) for recurrent dacryocystitis.METHODS A total of 44 patients with recurrent dacryocystitis were performed in our hospital from July,2003 to July,2008.The clinical data of all the cases were studied.All the cases were followed up for over 6 months.RESULTS The common problems met in the operation according to the occurrence frequency were bleeding,difficult for localizing the lacrimal sac,the size and the location of the bony ostium,the size of lacrimal ostium and sinonasal diseases.The cure rate was 93.18%(41/44). CONCLUSION Special instruments,skillful handling and familiar with intranasal anatomy of the lacrimal sac area are the keys to improve the successful rate of endoscopic nasal dacryocystorhinostomy.

Objective To understnad the defense mechanisms of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and to explore its relationship with childhood abuses.Methods One hundred and forty-two outpatients with BPD (group A),63 outpatients with other personality disorders (group B) and 20 outpatients without any Axis Ⅱ diagnoses (group C) were enrolled and completed Chinese versions of the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire (CECA.Q) and the Defensive Style of Questionnaire (DSQ).Multivariate analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis.Results Compared to group B and C,the score of defense mechanisms reported by group A were significantly increased in all eight premature defense mechanisms,such as projection(F =26.5,P ＜ 0.05),passive aggression (F =18.1,P ＜ 0.05),acting out (F =28.3,P ＜ 0.05),complaint (F =16.7,P ＜0.05),fantasy(F =16.3,P ＜ 0.05),splitting (F =28.8,P ＜ 0.05),withdrawal (F =8.3,P ＜ 0.05),somatization(F=7.6,P ＜ 0.05),and part of the middle defense mechanisms,such as omnipotence-devaluation(F =9.2,P ＜ 0.05),isolation(F =4.7,P ＜ 0.05) and identification (F =10.0,P ＜ 0.05).At the same time,the BPD patients got lower scores in the mature defense mechanisms,such as sublimation (F =4.1,P ＜ 0.05) and repression(F =3.9,P ＜ 0.05).Those who experienced physical abuse use more complaint (F =6.9,P ＜ 0.05),denial mechanisms (F =5.2,P ＜ 0.05) and less anticipation one (F =4.6,P ＜ 0.05).Those who experienced sexual abuse use more somatization (F =4.4,P ＜ 0.05) and isolation mechanism (F =3.6,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions BPD patients would like to use more immature and middle defense mechanisms and less mature ones.Emotional,physical and sexual abuse from parents and other adult care takers have a correlation with immature defense mechanisms,which indicates the importance of care about parental rearing patterns and mental health of children.

The article emphasizes to expound the correlative characteristic theory of science of Tujia herbs from nation and district,concept and attribute of subject,medical foundament,basic theory(denomination feature,nature and class of herb),application(preparation,compatibility,contraindications,dosage,administration and pharmacotherapy) and so on,and analyzes the various objective existing differences between science of Tujia herbs and Chinese materia medica,reveals the mirror meaning between the two traditional materia medica systems,and defines the concept of "science of Tujia herbs" for the first time,then lets scholars recognize and understand the science of ethno-medicines of China more completely,and provids some study ideas for research on ethnic medicine.

Objective To summarize the result of blood examination for the children with the developmental retardation and suspected inherited metabolic diseases. Methods Tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect the small molecule metabolites content of acylcarnitine and amino acid in filter paper in 97 children from March 2010 to October 2013. Results There were 3 cases of positive (3.09%), 55 of suspicion (56.7%). Conclusion Tandem mass spectrometry is valuable to screen etiology for children with developmental retardation.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical value of polysomnography (PSG) and ApneaGraph (AG200) in the diagnosis evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: From January to December in 2012, 67 OSAHS patients diagnosed by PSG were examined by AG200. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI), hypopnea index (HI), apnea index (AI), the lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) was were detected and the results were analyzed statistically. RESULT: Significant differences were observed in AI, AHI, LSaO2 between AG200 and PSG (P < 0.05, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found in HI. The differences in HI between AG200 and PSG were not significant (P > 0.05). AHI, HI and LSaO2 was were significantly correlated between AG200 and PSG (r = 0.870, 0.743, 0.374, 0.716, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION AG200 could not replace PSG but could identify the level of upper airway obstruction.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polysomnography ; methods ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the curative effect of velopharyngoplasty (VPP) combined with hard palate shorting and soft palate forward in the treatment of type II moderately severe obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: Thirty-two patients with OSAHS with and the obstructed surface located in soft palate were subjected to VPP combined with hard palate shorting and soft palate forward. The ESS scores, result of PSG included AHI and the lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation before and after operation were compared. RESULT: The effective rate of VPP was 78.12% this group. The grade of ESS, PSG and the lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation was statistically significant before and after the operation (P < 0.05). In the other 7 cases whose AHI decrease less than 50%, the grade of ESS, AHI and the lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION VPP combined with hard palate shorting and soft palate forward can improve the surgical effective rate obviously for OSAHS patients.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palate, Hard ; surgery ; Palate, Soft ; surgery ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Syndrome

Objective To observe the effect of forearm crutches on motor function of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods 60 children with spastic cerebral palsy were divided into observation group (n=30) and control group (n=30). The control group accepted rou-tine rehabilitation, while the observation group were also trained to use forearm crutches. They were assessed with Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) and Balancer. The way of item 70 of GMFM-88 was used to assess the mobile capability. Results The scores of GMFM-88 significantly improved in both groups after treatment (t>6.002, P<0.001), and improved more in the observation group than in the control group (t=2.317, P<0.05). The whole path length and the circumference area reduced in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), and reduced more in the observation group with the assist of the forearm crutches (P<0.01). The incidence of walking was more in the observa-tion group with the assistant of the forearm crutches (χ2=25.87, P<0.01). Conclusion Forearm crutches assistant can improve the recovery of motor function, balance and walking ability in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective To discuss the distance training for medical staff of children's rehabilitation. Methods 15 lessions were carried out using computer software from April, 2013 to November, 2014 in our centre. 7 cooperative hospitals participated the trainings. The implemen-tation effect was surveyed after training. Results 2693 person-times attended the trainings, including 2109 person-times with living distance training and 584 person-times with video distance training. In the following sampling survey, 92.8%staff thought that the distance training was helpful to their work. 98.6%staff thought that the living distance training was better than the video distance training and 88.6%staff thought their rehabilitation level improved after the distance training. Conclusion The distance training of children's rehabilitation has the advantages of economy, convenience and celerity. It has a wide developmental prospect.

Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of solitary pulmonary nodules while selecting different backgrounds in 99 Tcm‐MIBI SPECT/CT examination .Methods Totally 38 suspected solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) were analyzed retrospectively .The lesions were divided into malignant group and benign group according to the pathological findings . We selected two different backgrounds , contralateral lung field ( DL ) and the contralateral soft tissue (NST) .The maximum counts and the mean counts of lesion to non‐lesion ratio (L/N) were calculated to evaluate diagnostic efficacy using ROC curve . The relationship between lesion size , pathological grading and L/N ratio was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis . Results With DL and NST as the backgrounds ,the maximum counts and the mean counts of L/N between benign and malignant groups both differed significantly (all P<0 .05) .ROC curve analysis showed as follows :With DL and NST as the backgrounds ,the area under the curve (AUC) of L/DL‐MAX ,L/DL‐MEAN ,L/NST‐MAX ,and L/NST‐MEAN was 0 .73 ,0 .78 ,0 .80 and 0 .86 ,respectively .By pairwise comparison ,there was no significant difference (all P>0 .05) .The size and pathological grading of SPN did not affect 99 Tcm‐MIBI accumulation in the SPN (all P>0 .05) .Conclusion DL and NST both can be used as the background in diagnosis of pulmonary nodules on 99 Tcm‐MIBI SPECT/CT examination .The mean counts of the contralateral tissue used as the background can provide a stable result and a high diagnostic accuracy to assess the SPN .