OBJECTIVE To discuss the common problems and their management in the endoscopic nasal dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR) for recurrent dacryocystitis.METHODS A total of 44 patients with recurrent dacryocystitis were performed in our hospital from July,2003 to July,2008.The clinical data of all the cases were studied.All the cases were followed up for over 6 months.RESULTS The common problems met in the operation according to the occurrence frequency were bleeding,difficult for localizing the lacrimal sac,the size and the location of the bony ostium,the size of lacrimal ostium and sinonasal diseases.The cure rate was 93.18%(41/44). CONCLUSION Special instruments,skillful handling and familiar with intranasal anatomy of the lacrimal sac area are the keys to improve the successful rate of endoscopic nasal dacryocystorhinostomy.

Aim To establish a resistant human osteosarcoma cell line(Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4)from the Saos-2 cell line and study its resistant mechanisms.Methods Saos-2 cells were pulse exposed in gradually increased dose of ADM culturemedium.The sensitivity of the resistance drug from the Saos-2、Saos-2/ADM1 and Saos-2/ADM4 cell lines to ADM、DDP、EPI、MTX、THP and PTX was measured by MTT assay.The morphology and ultramicro structure of the cell lines were observed by optical microscopy and transmission electronic microscopy.The expression level of MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA and their proteins P-gp、MRP was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry.Results Resistance cell lines were established after 167 days.The resistance index to methotrexate of the Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cell lines to ADM was 49.8 and 74.6 times than that of Saos-2 respectively.The two cell lines had resistance to MTX、IFO、EPI、THP and PTX(P0.05).Disordered structure of the Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cells was observed through microscopy.The cells appeared in coenocytic.The decrease of cell villus and the increase of nucleoli were observed through transmission electronic microscopy.The proliferation ability of Saos-2/ADM1and Saos-2/ADM4 cells decreased significantly.MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA、P-gp and MRP showed positive staining in resistance cell lines.Conclusion The genes of MDR1 mRNA、MRP mRNA and their corresponding proteins participated in the formation of multidrug resistance in resistant adriamycin cell line.These newly-described resistant osteosarcoma cell lines were useful models for further characterization of drug resistance in osteosarcoma and for the development of treatment protocol.

Objective To understnad the defense mechanisms of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and to explore its relationship with childhood abuses.Methods One hundred and forty-two outpatients with BPD (group A),63 outpatients with other personality disorders (group B) and 20 outpatients without any Axis Ⅱ diagnoses (group C) were enrolled and completed Chinese versions of the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire (CECA.Q) and the Defensive Style of Questionnaire (DSQ).Multivariate analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis.Results Compared to group B and C,the score of defense mechanisms reported by group A were significantly increased in all eight premature defense mechanisms,such as projection(F =26.5,P ＜ 0.05),passive aggression (F =18.1,P ＜ 0.05),acting out (F =28.3,P ＜ 0.05),complaint (F =16.7,P ＜0.05),fantasy(F =16.3,P ＜ 0.05),splitting (F =28.8,P ＜ 0.05),withdrawal (F =8.3,P ＜ 0.05),somatization(F=7.6,P ＜ 0.05),and part of the middle defense mechanisms,such as omnipotence-devaluation(F =9.2,P ＜ 0.05),isolation(F =4.7,P ＜ 0.05) and identification (F =10.0,P ＜ 0.05).At the same time,the BPD patients got lower scores in the mature defense mechanisms,such as sublimation (F =4.1,P ＜ 0.05) and repression(F =3.9,P ＜ 0.05).Those who experienced physical abuse use more complaint (F =6.9,P ＜ 0.05),denial mechanisms (F =5.2,P ＜ 0.05) and less anticipation one (F =4.6,P ＜ 0.05).Those who experienced sexual abuse use more somatization (F =4.4,P ＜ 0.05) and isolation mechanism (F =3.6,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions BPD patients would like to use more immature and middle defense mechanisms and less mature ones.Emotional,physical and sexual abuse from parents and other adult care takers have a correlation with immature defense mechanisms,which indicates the importance of care about parental rearing patterns and mental health of children.

The article emphasizes to expound the correlative characteristic theory of science of Tujia herbs from nation and district,concept and attribute of subject,medical foundament,basic theory(denomination feature,nature and class of herb),application(preparation,compatibility,contraindications,dosage,administration and pharmacotherapy) and so on,and analyzes the various objective existing differences between science of Tujia herbs and Chinese materia medica,reveals the mirror meaning between the two traditional materia medica systems,and defines the concept of "science of Tujia herbs" for the first time,then lets scholars recognize and understand the science of ethno-medicines of China more completely,and provids some study ideas for research on ethnic medicine.

Objective To evaluate the applied value of functional immunity measured by the ImmunKnow assay in the diagnosis of post-transplant infection in Chinese 1iver recipients.Methods Thirty-eight normal adults and 68 adult liver transplant recipients were under investigation.Whole blood samples from either normal volunteers(each sample for one person)or the liver recipients(one or more samples for one person)were collected freshly and cultured within 6h.The CD4+T cells were selected and their ATP value was assayed the next day.The liver recipients were grouped in stable status(n=52)or infection(n=64)according tO their clinieal manifestation.Results The average ATP value in the recipients with infection after liver transplantation was 165.7±100 μg/L,significantly lower(P＜0.05)than that in stable recipients(309±126 μg/L)or normal volunteers (292±83 μg/L).The low ATP levels in post-transplant recipients had fair good correlation to infection clinically(RR=0.5021,P＜0.01).Infectious risk was high when ATP value was less than 165μg/L(OR=11,95%CI 3.9-32.2,P＜0.01).Specificity and sensitivity of low ATP value in post-transplant infection were 86.53%and 73.81% respectively,Conclusion ImmuKnow assay provides a new tool in monitoring immune status in post-transplant recipients,and call helpfully predict and diagnose clinical infection.

Objective To discuss the distance training for medical staff of children's rehabilitation. Methods 15 lessions were carried out using computer software from April, 2013 to November, 2014 in our centre. 7 cooperative hospitals participated the trainings. The implemen-tation effect was surveyed after training. Results 2693 person-times attended the trainings, including 2109 person-times with living distance training and 584 person-times with video distance training. In the following sampling survey, 92.8%staff thought that the distance training was helpful to their work. 98.6%staff thought that the living distance training was better than the video distance training and 88.6%staff thought their rehabilitation level improved after the distance training. Conclusion The distance training of children's rehabilitation has the advantages of economy, convenience and celerity. It has a wide developmental prospect.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical value of polysomnography (PSG) and ApneaGraph (AG200) in the diagnosis evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: From January to December in 2012, 67 OSAHS patients diagnosed by PSG were examined by AG200. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI), hypopnea index (HI), apnea index (AI), the lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) was were detected and the results were analyzed statistically. RESULT: Significant differences were observed in AI, AHI, LSaO2 between AG200 and PSG (P < 0.05, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found in HI. The differences in HI between AG200 and PSG were not significant (P > 0.05). AHI, HI and LSaO2 was were significantly correlated between AG200 and PSG (r = 0.870, 0.743, 0.374, 0.716, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION AG200 could not replace PSG but could identify the level of upper airway obstruction.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polysomnography ; methods ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE: To explore the curative effect of velopharyngoplasty (VPP) combined with hard palate shorting and soft palate forward in the treatment of type II moderately severe obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: Thirty-two patients with OSAHS with and the obstructed surface located in soft palate were subjected to VPP combined with hard palate shorting and soft palate forward. The ESS scores, result of PSG included AHI and the lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation before and after operation were compared. RESULT: The effective rate of VPP was 78.12% this group. The grade of ESS, PSG and the lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation was statistically significant before and after the operation (P < 0.05). In the other 7 cases whose AHI decrease less than 50%, the grade of ESS, AHI and the lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION VPP combined with hard palate shorting and soft palate forward can improve the surgical effective rate obviously for OSAHS patients.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palate, Hard ; surgery ; Palate, Soft ; surgery ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Syndrome

Objective To investigate the long-term effect of Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) block on spasticity in cerebral palsy. Methods From June, 2005 to December, 2013, 51 children with spastic cerebral palsy accepted routine rehabilitation with (trial group, n=24) or without (control group, n=27) BTX-A block. They were assessed with modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Physician Rating Scale (PRS) and Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) before treatment, and with PRS and GMFM two years after treatment. Results There was no significant difference between two groups in ages, body mass, and scores of MAS, PRS and GMFM before treatment (t<1.207,χ2=0.076, P>0.05). The scores of PRS and GMFM improved in both groups two years after treatment (t>2.217, P<0.05), and improved more in the trial group than in the control group (t>2.095, P<0.05). Conclusion The long-term effect of BTX-A block is positive. The rehabilitation training after block can promote their motor function recovery.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Activated carbon N-acetylcysteine microcapsule (ACNAC),and to optimize preparation technology. METHODS:ACNAC was prepared by emulsion cross-linked method using biodegradable material gelatin as capsule wall material. Using comprehensive evaluation index of drug-loading amount,entrapment rate and particle size distribution percent-age(the percentage of 80-140 μm particle)as index,drug-loading ratio,amount of gelatin,mixing speed and the amount of emul-sifier as factors,single factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize formulation technology. The technology was validated and distribution of particle size of ACNAC was determined. RESULTS:The optimal formulation technology was as follows as drug-loading ratio 1∶1,gelatin 15%,emulsifier 2.0%,mixing speed 1 000 r/min. Average drug-loading amount of 6 batches of ACNAC was 15.9%(RSD=1.21%),average encapsulation efficiency was 78.1%(RSD=1.11%)and average particle size distri-bution percentage was 81.9%. CONCLUSIONS:ACNAC is prepared successfully,and formulation technology is reasonable and feasible.