Communication disorders of children with autism need early intervention with various kinds of augmentative and alternative communication technology. Currently, the main intervention techniques include picture exchange communication system (PECS), speech generating device (SGD) and intelligent augmentative and alternative communication combined with mobile technology. This article intro-duced children with autism, augmentative and alternative communication system and relationship between them.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the edible part of Pistacia chinensis Methods The alcohol extract was isolated by silica gel, RP-18 and Sephadex LH-20, and the compound structures were identified by physicochemical methods and spectroscopic analyses. Results Sixteen compounds were isolated from EtOAc extract of the edible part of P. chinensis Their structures were identified as ?-sitosterol (Ⅰ), 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (Ⅱ), ethyl gallate (Ⅲ), alnusidiol (Ⅳ), amentoflavone (Ⅴ), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (Ⅵ), protocatechuic acid (Ⅶ), gallic acid (Ⅷ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-xylopyranoside (Ⅸ), rutin (Ⅹ), daucostenol (Ⅺ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (ⅩⅡ), quercetin (ⅩⅢ), kaempferol-3, 7-O-?-L-dirhamnoside (ⅩⅣ), naringenin (ⅩⅤ), and 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (ⅩⅥ). Conclusion Compounds, except Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅷ, ⅩⅡ, and ⅩⅢ, are isolated from this plant for the first time.

This case report presents an extracted maxillary third molar,which have 3 separate roots with 5 canals,the canal configuration in mesiobuccal root are 3 separate orifices and canals,1 apical foramen.The clinician should be aware of this anatomical variation,avoid the missed canals.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of herceptin to rat bladder cancer. Methods Totally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group (n=40) and control group (n=10). The rats of experimental group received a perfusion into the bladder with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) at 2.5 mg every time, once per 3 weeks for 4 times in all, while those of the control group underwent a perfusion with normal saline instead of MNU. In 1 week after the last perfusion, the bladders were slited for gross observation and the biopsies were carried out for pathological observation with HE staining. Immunohistochemical SP method and RT-PCR were applied to detect HER-2 protein and mRNA expression in tumor tissues. Then 16 rats with HER-2 positive bladder cancer were randomly and equally divided into treatment group (herceptin, 20 mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection, once per week for 6 weeks) and non-treatment group (normal saline, 0.5 ml). Tumor weight, size and shape were measured and calculated for the inhibitory rate of herceptin. HE staining was carried out for the morphology of the tumor mass. The expression of HER-2 protein was detected with immunohistochemical SP method, and apoptosis in bladder tumor tissues with TUNEL method. Results The results of inhibitory rate was 50.0%, and it showed that the differences were statistically significant in treatment group compared with non-treatment group (P

Objective To explore a practicable method of serial sections of whole CNS in the rat, in which both neurons and nerve fibers were showed at the same section. Methods After perfused fixation and quick freezing, the tissues of whole CNS were cut into serial sections with cryostat followed by hematoxylin stain. Results The nerve fibers were stained in blue color while the neurons were showed black-blue and the background was light-yellow.Conclusion Our method was feasible to show both neurons and nerve fibers at the same section with quick freezing, freezing serial sectioning and improved hematoxylin staining.

Objective To explore the protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), and to investigate their relationships between their serum concentration before operation and the infiltration and metastasis of thyroid carcinoma. Methods The protein expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in 32 cases of thyroid carcinomas, 23 cases of adjacent tissues and 30 cases of benign hyperplastic lesions were measured by using immunohistochemistry. The preoperative serum concentrations of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in 21 cases of thyroid carcinomas and 19 cases of benign hyperplastic lesions were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The positive expression rates of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in tumor tissues were significantly higher (75.0%,56.3%)than those in adjacent tissues and benign hyperplastic lesions (30.4%, 21.7%; 26.7%, 23.3%) P

Objective To explore the clinical effects of Jiawei Bazhen in treatment of fracture nonunion in children .Methods 60 cases of patients with fracture nonunion from December 2014 to June 2015 in Weinan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were divided into experimental group and control group according to random number table, 30 cases in each group.The control group were treated by Shangke Jiegu tablet combined with staphylococcal enterotoxin C injection, and the experimental group were treated by Jiawei Bazhen combined with staphylococcal enterotoxin C injection, with a consecutive treatment of 6 weeks.The efficacy, arthritis symptom score, serum bone morphogenetic protein-7(BMP-7) and vascular endothelial growth factor( VEGF) were compared between two groups.Results The total effective rate in experimental group were higher than that in control group (χ2 =6.667,P<0.05).The arthritis symptom score in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The serum levels of BMP-7 and VEGF in experimental group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between two groups(χ2 =1.086,P>0.05).Conclusion Jiawei Bazhen could improve the clinical symptoms, increase the levels of BMP-7 and VEGF, and promote the bone fracture's concresc in children with fracture nonunion, with fewer adverse reactions, which has distinct clinical curative effect.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s have a close relationship with tumor occurrence and development, which are not only involved in tumor recruitment but impact the biological behavior of tumor cel s. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on the biological behavior prostate cancer cel line. METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from healthy adults were col ected and cultured in vitro. Cel morphology and cel markers were observed. Using the Transwel technique, human dermal fibroblasts HDF-a were co-cultured with human prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s in positive control group, wild-type prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s cultured alone in negative control group, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s co-cultured with human prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s in experimental group. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect the cel cycle of prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s, soft agar colony formation assay performed to detect cel proliferative ability, and crystal violet staining used to observe DU145 cel migration at 3 days after culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the negative control group, cel proportion at G 2/M+S phase, number of transmembrane cel s and colony counting were significantly decreased in the experimental group. These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s may inhibit the proliferation and invasion of prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s by shortening the G 2/M+S phase, thereby providing a new insight into the treatment of human prostate cancer.

AIM: To establish an HPLC for determining notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rb1 in Xueshuantong Injection (total saponin of Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng).METHODS: The analysis was performed on UltimateTM XB C18 column(4.6 mm ? 250 mm,5 ?m) with a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)water(B) (0-30 min,20% A→38% A;30-31 min 38% A→20% A;31-40 min,20% A) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The column temperature was maintained at 40 ℃,and the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of notoginsenoside R1 fell within 0.40 -4.01 ?g (r =0.999 9 ) and the average recovery was 99.36 % (RSD = 0.72% ,n = 6).The linear range of ginsenoside Rg1 fell within 1.47-14.69 ?g (r = 0.999 9) and the average recovery rate was 99.41% (RSD = 0.52% ,n = 6).The linear range of ginsenoside Rb1 fell within 1.50-15.03 ?g(r = 0.999 9) and the average recovery rate was 99.47% (RSD = 0.50% ,n = 6).CONCLUSION: This method is accurate,simple,rapid and can be used for the quality control of Xueshuantong Injection.

Field operation infirmary should conquer many complicated situations, such as overuse of vehicles, too far maneuvering distance, too long maneuvering time, and complicated road state. The author puts forward that in the marching, the division of responsibilities and march discipline should be very strict, and vanguard should be sent before field operation infirmary, which ensure the operation infirmary to reach the destination safely and successfully.