Objective To evaluate the clinical application of autologous fat and acellular dermal matrix (ADM ) in vocal fold medialization .Methods A total of 16 New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes were divided into two study groups (8 rabbits in each group) ,after unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve section ,autologous fat or ADM were injected into paralyzed vocal folds .Laryngoscopic exams were performed 2 ,4 ,8 ,and 12 weeks after implanta‐tion ;then larynx specimens were sampled and serially sectioned in axial plane from the false vocal fold to the sub ‐glottis .After section was stained with HE ,histologic behavior of the graft were evaluated by optical microscope , volume of remaining material were calculated by autoCAD software .Results The remaining volume of autologous fat and ADM reduced gradually ,there were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups .In 2 weeks , fat cells survival was mass distribution ,as its necrosis and absorption ,intraimplant resulted in a plurality of cavitati‐on ,encapsulated by fibrous connective ,mixed with a little survival fat cells .In 12 weeks ,obvious capsule formation surrounded lipoma composed of fiber connective tissue .In the ADM group ,2 weeks after injection ,intra - implant fibroblast activity and neovascularization was noted ,later fibroblast infiltration increased gradually .In 12 weeks ,the implantation maintaun the basic outline and have compact organizational structure ,but not forming obvious bounda‐ries with the surrounding tissue .Conclusion Comparing degree of absorption ,there were no statistically significant differences between autologous fat and ADM in the study ,but histological outcome of ADM is closer to the original organization .In future ,ADM optimization or combination with other materials ,will have a larger development and clinical application value .

"Same treatment to different diseases" is the key theoretic basis for clinical research of combination of TCM and WM.The article explores its application in developing new Chinese drugs,exemplified with "Huaxia Small Onion Preparation" made by Pro.Zhang Jiemei.

Objective: To research the effect of Xinkai Kujiang method on gastric myoelectrical activity and autonomic nerve function in functional dyspepsia(functional Thirty,FD) rat,and to reveal the overall regulatory mechanism of Xinkai Kujiang method and help for the clinical trials and treatment.Methods: FD rats being the experiment subject,we observed the effects of Xinkai Kujiang method on FD rat gastrointestinal movement,including the following index,the main frequency,power,even the percentage of slow wave duality.Meanwhile we observed the effect of Xinkai Kujiang method on FD rat heart ratevariability(HRV),evaluated the effect on autonomic nerve function,and revealed FD rats overall adjustment mechanism.Results: Before treatment,the result of model group,weikangning group and the normal control group was significantly different(P0.05),but that of weikangning and the model group had significant differences(P0.05),weikangning group change trend was significantly different(P

Background and purpose:Nowadays, about therapy of laryngeal carcinoma, people are paying more and more widely attention to ifnding out how to improve quality of patients’ life besides radical surgery. For glottic laryngeal carcinoma which invading anterior commissure or bilateral vocal cord, we performed modiifed frontolateral partial laryngectomy or modiifed cricohyoidoepiglottopexy, and contrastive analyzed the therapeutic efifcacy of the two ways. Methods:Sixty cases patients of glottic laryngeal carcinoma who treated in Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital during 2005 to 2010, which invaded the anterior commissure or bilateral vocal cord, were randomly attributed to two groups as A and B;30 patients of group A were underwent modiifed frontolateral partial laryngectomy and repaired with bilateral sternohyoid muscle lfap, 30 patients of group B were treated by modiifed cricohyoidoepiglottopexy. Follow-up time of each patient was 5 years postoperation and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results:The 5-year survival rate was 86.7%in group A as well as 83.3%in group B, and there was no statistical difference between two groups (P=0.718). Pronunciation function:22 cases in group A and 21 cases in group B whose pronunciation function can be competent in the noisy environment, and can pronounce“a”and“i”vowel;8 cases in group A and 9 cases in group B can pronounce only a“ha”,“hi”sound, that couldn’t communicate with others in a noisy environment. There was no statistical difference in pronunciation function between the two groups (P=0.774). Incidence of deglutition disorder 4 weeks postoperation:group A was 0 (0/30), group B was 16.7%(5/30), and the difference between the two groups was statistically signiifcant (P=0.026);average time of extubation postoperation:group A was (10±2.3) d, group B was (20±4.6)d, and the difference between the two groups was statistically signiifcant (P=0.0000);recurrence rate of dyspnea after extubation:group A was 16.7%(5/30), group B was 0 (0/30), and there was statistically signiifcant difference between the two groups (P=0.026). Conclusion: For the glottic laryngeal carcinoma which invading anterior commissure or bilateral vocal cord, there was no statistical difference in 5-years survival rate and function of pronunciation between modified frontolateral partial laryngenctomy and modified cricohyoidoepiglottopexy postoperation. The former had less postoperative deglution disorder, earlier extubation time, and to some extent, alleviated the suffering of the patients, but part of these patients needed secondary surgery due to dyspnea which resulted by radioactive tissue adhesion after extubation. The latter had more serious deglution disorder postoperation, longer recovery time, and relatively longer time to extubating, showed no again dyspnea after extubation, and had more extensive adaptation disease. In a word, each way of operation has its advantage respectively.

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of Xinkai Kujiang method(TCM treatment with the pungent and bitter herbs to regulate the gastrofunctions)on the functional dyspepsia(FD)rats.Methods Twenty-four rats were randomized into control group,model group,and Weikangning(herbal medicine for dyspepsia)group,with 8 in each.After a 7-day adaptive feed,the FD models were made with the clipping tail stimulation.Seven days after modeling,the Weikangning group was given Weikangning Capsule 0.625g/kg by gavage,twice a day,and the other two groups were given normal saline in the same dosage.The medication was appliey in succession for 12 days,and on the thirteenth day,the serum and gastric tissues were collected for detecting the lab indications:plasma motilin(MTL),plasma nitric oxide(NO),gastric tissue MTL,nitric oxide synthase(NOS),and the expression of Cajal interstitial cells(ICC)and gastrointesinal smooth muscle cells(SMC).Results Compared with the control group,the level of plasma MTL in the model group was significantly decreased,the level of NO significantly increased,and the expression of MTL,ICC and SMC positive neurons in the stomach myenteric nerve plexus was significantly weakened,but the expression of NOS positive neurons was significantly strengthened(P

Background and purpose:The pedicled pectoralis major myocutaneous lfap has been a common choice of tissue lfaps for head and neck reconstruction. Nowadays, with rapid advancement in microsurgery, free lfaps gradually replace the pedicled lfaps. However, not all patients are good candidates for reconstruction surgery using free tissue lfaps. Adjacent pedicled lfaps are safer and more reliable. This paper explores potential application of pedicled pectoralis major myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of complex surgical defects following resection of advanced head and neck malignancies through modification of their preparation and repair method.Methods:Flap design scheme and method of preparation were modiifed to improve the pectoralis major muscle lfap. Fifty-one patients with surgical defects from resection of head and neck malignancies received reconstruction surgery using modiifed pectoralis major muscle lfaps.Results:Modiifed pectoralis major muscle lfaps survived completely in 51 patients. The area of defect regained its shape and appearance after reconstruction surgery. The area of defect obtained excellent functional recovery. Postoperative functional injuries to the donor sites were minimized.Conclusion:Modiifcation in designing and preparing method of the pectoralis major muscle flap improved repair range and distance in reconstruction of complex surgical defect following resection of head and neck malignancies. It also reduced necrosis rate of skin lfaps. Postoperative donor and recipient sites regained their appearance and functions successfully. The pectoralis major muscle lfap is one of the important tissue lfaps used in reconstruction of surgical defect following resection of a head and neck malignancy.

Objective: To investigate the effects of extract of Bulbus Allii Caespitosi on cardiocyte viability of swines with myocardial reperfusion injury by analyzing the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) position emission tomography (PET) imaging. Methods: Twenty-four swines were randomly divided into sham-operated group, untreated group, trimethazine group and extract of Bulbus Allii Caespitosi group. Myocardial reperfusion injury was induced by plugging the anterior descending coronary artery of swine with sacculus. Bulbus Allii Caespitosi or trimetazidine was given twice daily for 28 days. Then myocardial perfusion was detected with (18)F-FDG PET/CT and the radioactivity distribution was evaluated. Results: Compared with the untreated group, Bulbus Allii Caespitosi and trimetazidine could improve the activity of myocardial cells after myocardial infarction (P<0.01), and there were no significant differences between Bulbus Allii Caespitosi and trimetazidine (P>0.05). Conclusion: Bulbus Allii Caespitosi can improve myocardial metabolism after ischemia and reperfusion in swines.

BACKGROUND: Researches suggest that transient ischemic attack (TIA)can induce cognitive dysfunction, and cerebral blood flow and its distribution are hypothesized to be closely related to cognitive activities.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the alteration of cognitive function and provide insights into its relations with cerebral perfusion in TIA patients.DESIGN: A case-control study.SETTING: Departments of Geriatrics, Electrophysiology and Magnetic Resonance of Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 35 male right-handed TIA patients aged 45-78 years with an average of (68.1±8.4) years were selected from the inpatients and outpatients in the Department of Geriatrics, Urumqi General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of Chinese PLA between January 2002 and June 2003. Another 33 healthy right handed male subjects aged 45-77 years with an average of (67.8±8.6) years coming for physical examination were recruited to serve as the control group.METHODS: Patients and control subjects were tested with event-related potentials (ERPs) and the scale of elderly cognitive function (SECF) to examine the orientation, learning and memory, span, recall 1 (association),long-term memory, naming of animals, calculation, classification, copying,language and recall 2 (relation). According to the T score transformation table, the original scores were transformed into T scores relative to the age to eliminate the impact of age, and also into T'score to eliminate the interference by the patients'education, so that cognitive function of the patients could be evaluated with T'score, and the lower the score, the poorer the cognitive function. Cases in the two groups were all tested, and TIA patients were also examined with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Results of ERPs, SECF and MRA.RESULTS: Of the 35 TIA patients and 33 control subjects all completed the trial. Examination of ERPs reveled significantly prolonged latency of P300 components of ERP in the TIA group [(336.2±34.2) ms] than that in the control group [(311.3±44.2) ms, P ＜ 0.05]. The scores of span, recall 1,long-term memory, naming of animals, calculation, and recall 2 in SECF in TIA group were all lower than those in control group (39.7±11.9 vs 47.4±12.0; 54.5±14.8 vs 61.8±14.5; 61.1±7.8 vs 64.7±1.7; 59.4±11.0 vs 64.7±8.8; 50.0±14.7 vs 58.1±14.2; 44.6±15.4 vs 53.2±17.8, t=4.151 0-7.292 8, P ＜ 0.05-0.01). MRA identified abnormalities in 33 of the 35 TIA patients (94%), manifested mainly by stenosis and occlusion involving the vertebral artery (54%, 19/35), bilateral anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries (40% ,28/70;59% ,41/70;47% ,33/70), basilar artery (5.71%, 2/35) and bilateral internal carotid artery (5.71%, 4/70) respectively.CONCLUSION: TIA patients are characterized by prolonged P300 latency with multiple cognitive impairments especially in memory and cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion as shown by MRA, suggests that TIA patients have persistent low cerebral perfusion and frequently, cognitive dysfunction in the presence of local blood supply disorder in the hemispheres.

OBJECTIVE Study the role of estrogen receptor (ER)in the inhibition of cell viability and differentiation induced by bisphenol A (BPA)in micro mass culture of rat e mbryonic midbrain(MB) cells.METHODS Micro mass cultures of MB were prepared fro m rat e mbryonic midbrain on gestation day 13.MB cells were exposed to BPA (10 -4 ,10 -6 ,10 -8 ,10 -10 ,10 -12 mol·L -1 )for 5 d.Cell viability was assessed by neutral red uptake test.MB differentiation was detected by he matoxylin staining and i mage analysis.In order to observe the role of ER pathway in the toxicity induced by BPA,cell cultures were co-treated with ICI182780 0.1 n mol·L -1 ,ta moxifen 1 n mol·L -1 and BPA 0.1 mmol·L -1 for 5 d, the cell viability and foci differentiation were detected.Moreover,the protein expression levels of ER in normal e mbryonic brain of gestation day 18,testis tissue fro m adult rats and midbrain cells untreated with BPA were investigated by Western blot.The mRNA expression levels of ER in normal e mbryonic brain of gestation day 13 and gestation day 18,ovary and testis tissue fro m adult rats,and midbrain cells un-treated with BPA were investigated by real-ti me PCR.The mRNA expression levels of Notch1 and Hes1 in MB cells treated with BPA 0.1 mmol·L -1 were also detected by real-ti me PCR.RESULTS BPA 0.1 mmol·L -1 could inhibited MB cell viability and foci differentiation.However,this effect could not be reversed by ER antagonist.The protein and mRNA expression levels of ER in e mbryonic brain and MB cells untreated with BPA were found to be extre mly low.In addition,BPA 0.1 mmol·L -1 could inhibited the mRNA expression levels of Notch1 and Hes1 .CONCLUSION BPA could inhibited MB cell viability and foci differentiation.ER pathway might be not involved in this effect.Instead,Notch-Hes pathway might be involved for this effect.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of Tiaozhong Granule (TZG), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in treating rats with mixed reflux esophagitis. METHODS: Fifty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into untreated group (n=12), sham-operated group (n=10), TZG-treated group (n=12), Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXXXD)-treated group (n=12) and cisapride-treated group (n=12). Mixed reflux esophagitis was induced by esophago-duodenum end-to-side anastomosis. Four weeks later, the rats were orally administered twice daily for 12 days. Pathological changes of esophagus mucous membrane were observed by using HE staining. The expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and p53 in the esophagus tissue were detected by immunohistochemical SABC method. Spectrophotometric method was used to detect the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum. RESULTS: Compared with the untreated group, pathological changes of esophagus mucous membrane were relieved in different degrees in TZG-treated group, BXXXD-treated group and cisapride-treated group. Content of MDA and expressions of PCNA and p53 were obviously decreased in the three treated groups (P<0.01), and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were significantly increased in the three treated groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). TZG had better effects than cisapride in decreasing the content of MDA and increasing the activities of SOD and GSH-Px (P<0.05). TZG was better in aspect of reducing the expressions of PCNA and p53 than BXXXD and cisapride tablets (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Tiaozhong Granule can treat mixed reflux esophagitis in rats, and its action mechanisms may be associated with decreasing the expressions of PCNA and p53 in esophagus mucous membrane, reducing the content of MDA and increasing the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum.