AIM: Study on the effects of Xianhuahuogudan Granule (XHHGDG) (Radix et Rhizowa Salviae uiltiorrhizae, Rhizoma Drynariae,etc) in treatment of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head in order to provide basis for clinical use. METHODS: 40 full-grown well New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly into four groups:normal group,model group,MaShGuPian group and XHHGDG group.Except the normal group, The other three groups were administered intramuscularly with steroid.From the 9 th week after production of models,the normal group and the model group were treated with normal saline,XHHGDG group with XHHGDG aqueous solution,and MaShGuPian group with MaShGuPian aqueous solution.All of the rabbits were killed 14 weeks after baseline for the research material. After making pathomorphology of bone,blood viscosity and content of blood lipid will be acquired. RESULTS: The blood viscosity and content of blood lipid were lower significantly in the XHHGDG group than those in the model group.Compared with model group,XHHGDG group significantly showed followings:the small bone trabeculas were fuller;most of bone cells were normal.Although of adipose cell existed in the margin of marrow,the cells for producing blood were enriched;numbers of empty bone lacuna were 16.4%(P

Objective To study the identification rate of sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients with breast cancer (BC) and the accuracy in predicting axillary lymph node(ALN) metastasis using methylene blue (MB) and patent blue violet (PBV) injection. Methods From October, 1999 to April, 2001, 94 patients with BC were selected for this study. Of them, 32 patients were injected with 1% MB and 62 patients with 1% PBV to identify SLN. All 94 patients underwent the axillary lymph node dissection. Results In MB group and PBV group , the SLN identification rate were 65.6% (21/32), 88.7% (55/62); the accuracy rate to predict axillary lymph node status were 90.5% (19/21), 98.2% (54/55) respectively. Conclusion Compared with MB ,PVB is the more ideal vital blue dye in identification of SNB.

Timely removal of oxidatively damaged proteins is critical for cells exposed to oxidative stresses; however, cellular mechanism for clearing oxidized proteins is not clear. Our study reveals a novel type of protein modification that may play a role in targeting oxidized proteins and remove them. In this process, DSS1 (deleted in split hand/split foot 1), an evolutionally conserved small protein, is conjugated to proteins induced by oxidative stresses in vitro and in vivo, implying oxidized proteins are DSS1 clients. A subsequent ubiquitination targeting DSS1-protein adducts has been observed, suggesting the client proteins are degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. The DSS1 attachment to its clients is evidenced to be an enzymatic process modulated by an unidentified ATPase. We name this novel protein modification as DSSylation, in which DSS1 plays as a modifier, whose attachment may render target proteins a signature leading to their subsequent ubiquitination, thereby recruits proteasome to degrade them.
Free Radicals ; metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxidative Stress ; genetics ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Modification, Translational ; genetics ; Ubiquitin ; metabolism ; Ubiquitination ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of isoliquiritigenin on the migration and invasion of human glioma stem cells and the underlying mechanism.

METHODSThe stem cell markers CD133 and Nestin in SHG44 human glioma stem cells were examined with immunofluorescence microscopy. The migration and invasion ability of glioma stem cells was determined by transwell method. The mRNA and protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.

RESULTSCD133 and Nestin were positive in SHG44 cells. The number of migrated cells in SHG44 cells treated with 20 and 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin for 48 h were significantly lower than that in control group (76±5 and 42±4 vs. 85±6, all <0.01), and the number of migrated cells in 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group was lower than that in 20 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group (<0.01). The numbers of cells crossing through membrane in 20 and 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin groups were 190±13 and 130±9, respectively, which were significantly lower than that in control group (230±14, all <0.01), and the number of crossed cells in the 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group was lower than that in 20 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group (<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were decreased compared with control group (<0.05 or <0.01), and the expression levels in 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group were lower than those in 20 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group (<0.05 or <0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIsoliquiritigenin exhibits antitumor effects on glioma stem cells by inhibiting cell migration and invasion, which may be related to the down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Chalcones ; Down-Regulation ; Glioma ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; RNA, Messenger