Communication disorders of children with autism need early intervention with various kinds of augmentative and alternative communication technology. Currently, the main intervention techniques include picture exchange communication system (PECS), speech generating device (SGD) and intelligent augmentative and alternative communication combined with mobile technology. This article intro-duced children with autism, augmentative and alternative communication system and relationship between them.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the edible part of Pistacia chinensis Methods The alcohol extract was isolated by silica gel, RP-18 and Sephadex LH-20, and the compound structures were identified by physicochemical methods and spectroscopic analyses. Results Sixteen compounds were isolated from EtOAc extract of the edible part of P. chinensis Their structures were identified as ?-sitosterol (Ⅰ), 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (Ⅱ), ethyl gallate (Ⅲ), alnusidiol (Ⅳ), amentoflavone (Ⅴ), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (Ⅵ), protocatechuic acid (Ⅶ), gallic acid (Ⅷ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-xylopyranoside (Ⅸ), rutin (Ⅹ), daucostenol (Ⅺ), quercetin-3-O-?-D-glucopyranoside (ⅩⅡ), quercetin (ⅩⅢ), kaempferol-3, 7-O-?-L-dirhamnoside (ⅩⅣ), naringenin (ⅩⅤ), and 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (ⅩⅥ). Conclusion Compounds, except Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅷ, ⅩⅡ, and ⅩⅢ, are isolated from this plant for the first time.

AIM: To establish an HPLC for determining notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rb1 in Xueshuantong Injection (total saponin of Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng).METHODS: The analysis was performed on UltimateTM XB C18 column(4.6 mm ? 250 mm,5 ?m) with a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)water(B) (0-30 min,20% A→38% A;30-31 min 38% A→20% A;31-40 min,20% A) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The column temperature was maintained at 40 ℃,and the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of notoginsenoside R1 fell within 0.40 -4.01 ?g (r =0.999 9 ) and the average recovery was 99.36 % (RSD = 0.72% ,n = 6).The linear range of ginsenoside Rg1 fell within 1.47-14.69 ?g (r = 0.999 9) and the average recovery rate was 99.41% (RSD = 0.52% ,n = 6).The linear range of ginsenoside Rb1 fell within 1.50-15.03 ?g(r = 0.999 9) and the average recovery rate was 99.47% (RSD = 0.50% ,n = 6).CONCLUSION: This method is accurate,simple,rapid and can be used for the quality control of Xueshuantong Injection.

Objective To explore a practicable method of serial sections of whole CNS in the rat, in which both neurons and nerve fibers were showed at the same section. Methods After perfused fixation and quick freezing, the tissues of whole CNS were cut into serial sections with cryostat followed by hematoxylin stain. Results The nerve fibers were stained in blue color while the neurons were showed black-blue and the background was light-yellow.Conclusion Our method was feasible to show both neurons and nerve fibers at the same section with quick freezing, freezing serial sectioning and improved hematoxylin staining.

This case report presents an extracted maxillary third molar,which have 3 separate roots with 5 canals,the canal configuration in mesiobuccal root are 3 separate orifices and canals,1 apical foramen.The clinician should be aware of this anatomical variation,avoid the missed canals.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of Jiawei Bazhen in treatment of fracture nonunion in children .Methods 60 cases of patients with fracture nonunion from December 2014 to June 2015 in Weinan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital were divided into experimental group and control group according to random number table, 30 cases in each group.The control group were treated by Shangke Jiegu tablet combined with staphylococcal enterotoxin C injection, and the experimental group were treated by Jiawei Bazhen combined with staphylococcal enterotoxin C injection, with a consecutive treatment of 6 weeks.The efficacy, arthritis symptom score, serum bone morphogenetic protein-7(BMP-7) and vascular endothelial growth factor( VEGF) were compared between two groups.Results The total effective rate in experimental group were higher than that in control group (χ2 =6.667,P<0.05).The arthritis symptom score in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The serum levels of BMP-7 and VEGF in experimental group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between two groups(χ2 =1.086,P>0.05).Conclusion Jiawei Bazhen could improve the clinical symptoms, increase the levels of BMP-7 and VEGF, and promote the bone fracture's concresc in children with fracture nonunion, with fewer adverse reactions, which has distinct clinical curative effect.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s have a close relationship with tumor occurrence and development, which are not only involved in tumor recruitment but impact the biological behavior of tumor cel s. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on the biological behavior prostate cancer cel line. METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s from healthy adults were col ected and cultured in vitro. Cel morphology and cel markers were observed. Using the Transwel technique, human dermal fibroblasts HDF-a were co-cultured with human prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s in positive control group, wild-type prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s cultured alone in negative control group, and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s co-cultured with human prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s in experimental group. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect the cel cycle of prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s, soft agar colony formation assay performed to detect cel proliferative ability, and crystal violet staining used to observe DU145 cel migration at 3 days after culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the negative control group, cel proportion at G 2/M+S phase, number of transmembrane cel s and colony counting were significantly decreased in the experimental group. These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s may inhibit the proliferation and invasion of prostate carcinoma DU145 cel s by shortening the G 2/M+S phase, thereby providing a new insight into the treatment of human prostate cancer.

Objective: The relationship between intracranial pressure (ICP) and visual evoked potential (VEP) or brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP)was investigated. Method:An acute intracranial hypertension animal model was established in ten anesthetized rabbits. The changes of VEP and BAEP were observed by an AXON Systems Sentinel-4 Neurologid monitor at different levels of ICP,which were monitored with a fiberoptic transducer being inserted into the epidural space through a burrhole. Result:Both latencies of waves P_1 and N_2 of VEP was positively correlated with the ICP(r=0.62,r=0.60,P

Objective To research the clinical effect and operation way of total knee arthroplasty for severe knee valgus deformity. Methods From March 2011 to September 2013, 17 cases (23 knees) with severe knee valgus deformity were selected as the research ob-ject. Metered the tibial angle and checked the activity of knee joint of all the patients before operation. All patients were scored with HSS knee scoring system. Through the selection of lateral parapatellar approach, targeted osteotomy, selective lateral soft tissuelax, patients were given total knee arthroplasty for the treatment of severe knee valgus deformity. The femoral and tibial angle of patients was measured again after the operation. All patients were reexamined after 6 months which included checking the activity of knee joint, evaluating the therapeutic effect of patients with HSS knee scoring system. Results All patients were reexamined in our hospital 6 months after surgery, the degree of femoral and tibial angle decreased from (28. 4 ± 4. 9)° to (5. 2 ± 2. 3)°; knee joint range of motion increased from (65. 4 ± 16. 7)° to (106. 7 ± 27. 3)°;HSS score increased from (38. 46 ± 3. 75) point to (87. 41 ± 4. 77) point. Postoperative indexes were significantly im-proved compared with preoperative indexes, and the differences were of statistical significance (P<0. 05). Conclusion The curative effect is remarkable for patients with severe knee valgus deformity using patellar medial approach, standard osteotomy combined with selective soft tissue release, and total knee arthroplasty. And the knee valgus deformity of patients was corrected and the quality of life has been signifi-cantly improved.

Objective To analyze effect of intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan in the treatment of hip osteoarthritis.Methods 90 patients with hip arthritis patients from January 2014 to July 2015 were randomly divided into observation group and control group.45 cases in each group.Control group was given Diprospan treatment, observation group was treated with articular injection of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan treatment.After 4 weeks of treatment,patients were followed up and recorded hip pain VAS score and WOMAC score, lipids and C-reactive protein levels, content changes in ESR and TNF-α.Results The patients after hip pain VAS score and WOMAC scores were better than control group(P<0.05).After observation group patients lipids and C-reactive protein were lower than control group(P<0.05).After treatment ESR and TNF-αof observation group were lower than control group’s(P<0.05).Conclusion Intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate combined with diprospan in treatment of hip arthritis has definite clinical effect.