Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder representing the commonest and most important extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease.GO can be a debilitating component of the disease,resulting in impaired quality of life.Although therapeutic methods appear to be widespread,the optimal treatment remains challenging.This article reviewes recent studies on therapy pattern and evidence-based medicine,to provide practical information for managing patients with GO.

The 340 blood samples from Guangdone area were detected by ultra thin poly-acrylamide gel isoelectric focusing for EAP phenotypes.The phenotypes were20 EAP A,119 EAP BA,201 EAP B.The gene frequencies of EAP were as foll- ows p~(?)0. 2338,p~(?)0. 7662. The 110 bloodstain samples of the cloth kept at roomtemperature for 7 weeks could be phenotyped correctly,The 21 bloodstain samp-les on the porcelain plate kept at room temperature for 9 weeks could be phen-otyped correctly.When the blood volume of bloodstain was equal to or over5?l EAP could be phenotyped.6 out of 20 mouldy bloodstains,the EAP BAphenotype were changed to EAP B.In blind trial,20 bloodstain samples kept atroom temperature for 7 weeds could be phenotped correctly.

The phenotype distribution of human red cell glyoxalase I of a Han population in Guangzhou area was studied using mixed starch/agarose gel electrophoresis. The phenotype frequencies were: GLOI 1-1 2.57％; GLOI 2-1 29.17％; and GLOI 2-2 68.26％. The gene frequencies were: GLOI~1 0.1716; GLOI~2 0,8284. The phenotyping of GLOI was carried out satisfactorily in 35 bloodstains kept in room temperature for 20 days in 7 bloodstains stored in 4℃ for 105 days exposed in sunshine for 8 hours, as well as kept outdoor overnight, and in 10 putrefactive bloodstains kept in room temperature for 9 days.The GLOI were destroyed in 6 of 7 bloodstains washed by runing water for 2 hours.

Objective To investigate the spatiotemporal expression patterns of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) receptors type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ and their relationships with development of outflow tract(OFT) in mouse embryonic heart. Methods Serial sections of mouse embryos from embryonic day 9 (E9d) to embryonic day 14 (E14d) were stained using PAP immunohistochemical methods. Results Expressions of TGF-β receptors type Ⅰ (TGF-βRⅠ) and type II(TGF-βRⅡ) in the myocardial wall of OFT started at E10d, reached the reflection with splanchnic epithelium on the dorsal wall of the pericardial cavity at E11d. At E12d, expression intensity of TGF-βRⅠ and TGF-βRⅡ in myocardium increased to its highest level, and TGF-βRⅡ positive mesenchymal cells in OFT ridges could be detected. After E13d the staining intensity of TGF-βRⅠ and TGF-βRⅡ decreased rapidly,and at E14d,their expressions had fallen at the lowest.Conclusion The expressions of TGF-βRⅠ and TGF-βRⅡ in OFT are confined to the period of E10d to E14d, they may play important roles in regulating the myocardial cell proliferation, remodeling and septation of OFT, and promoting the differentiation from mesenchymal cells in the secondary heart field into smooth muscle cells in the distal end of OFT.

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of hypertension among the elderly population in Shanxi Province. Methods According to the random sampling, 41 residents committees of city blocks and villages of 9 areas (including Taiyuan, Datong, Jinzhong, Yuncheng, et al) of Shanxi Province were extracted as the investigative spots. All the people were older than 55years, and risk factors for hypertension were identified. Results A total of 3702 people were surveyed, including 1,782 men and 1,920 women. The total hypertension prevalence rate was 39.0%(the standardized rate: 39. 5 %), with 38. 7 % in men (the standardized rate: 38. 5%), 39.3 % in women (the standardized rate: 41.2%), and no statistic significance was found between men and women (χ2= 0. 143, P>0. 05). Aging, lacking of knowledge, and obesity were risk factors for hypertension. Conclusions The hypertension in Shanxi Province has a high prevalence rate among the elderly population, a comprehensive intervention should be taken in the prevention of hypertension.