BACKGROUND: Zirconia/alumina ceramic composite with excellent corrosion resistance, high strength and toughness has wide application prospect.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of zirconia/alumina ceramic composite on proliferation, apoptosis and bone induction activity of human periodontal ligament cells.METHODS: Human periodontal ligament cells at passages 3-5 were cultured routinely as control group and co-cultured with zirconia/alumina ceramic composite as experimental group. After 1-5 days of culture, MTT,TUNEL, immunohistochemical detection, and alkaline phosphatase staining were used to detect cell proliferation,apoptosis, type I collagen expression and osteogenic activity, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Within 1-5 days of culture, there were no differences in cell proliferation, apoptosis and alkaline phosphatase activity between the two groups. At 5 days of culture, the type I collagen expression showed no difference between the two groups. Taken together, the zirconia/alumina ceramic composite has no effect on the proliferation, apoptosis and bone induction activity of human periodontal ligament cells.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of circumferential pulmonary vein(PV) isolation in cases with persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation(AF) guided by the EnSite-NavX system.Methods Sixty cases(43 males,mean age 59.2?13.6 years) with persistent/permanent AF were enrolled from September 2004 to August 2005.The mean duration of AF was 4?6 years(6 months-24 years).The mean left atrium diameter was 43.2?6.4(42-58)mm.Circumferential PV isolation was performed guided by the EnSite-NavX system,combined with linear ablation of the superior-posterior wall of left atrium and mitral isthmus.Results All 60 cases underwent the procedure successfully,with the mean procedural time 170?34(150-240)min and the mean fluoroscopic time 23?10(12-45)min.The pulmonary vein isolation rate for the left ipsilateral PVs was 83.3% and was 78.3% for the right PVs.Segmental ostial ablation was applied for the rest cases.AF was terminated in 7 cases and was converted to atrial tachycardia(AT) or atrial flutter(AFL) in 5 cases.Sinus rhythm was restored by cardioversion in 48 cases.Post-ablation AT/AFL was documented in 10 cases (16.7%) which diminished automatically in 8 cases,and was abolished by re-ablation in 2 cases.After a mean of 6.5?3.2(4-11)months of follow-up,43 cases (71.7%) were free of AF(18 cases with anti-arrhythmic drugs).Complications: pseudo-aneurysm of femoral artery was found in 1 case and was cured after proper treatment.Conclusion Circumferential PV isolation and combination with left atrial linear ablation guided by the EnSite-NavX system was safe and effective for eliminating persistent/permanent AF.

Objective:To explore the relationship between friendship quality and loneliness and its influent factors like the measuring tool of friendship quality,the participants groups and cultural background. Methods:The studies on the association between the friendship quality and loneliness were collected through the databases of Chi-na National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wan Fang,Wiley Online library,Web of Science,Google Scholar and Duxiu from 1984 to 2014. Meta-analysis was conducted with the use of the CMA2. 0. Estimated value (r)and their 95%confidence interval (95%CI)was calculated to analyze the association between the friendship quality and loneliness from normal subjects except physiological disease (such as autism,etc. ). Results:Totally 46 literatures were met the requirements of meta-analysis with sample size of 19422,including 24 researches With 11846 participants who were from eastern countries,and 22 studies with 7676 western people. There was significant negative correlation of friendship quality and loneliness (r=-0. 28,95%CI:-0. 23--0. 32). The friendship quality measuring tool was able to adjust the relations of friendship quality and loneliness (Q=11. 95,P<0. 01). The participants groups had a regulatory role on the relationship between the friendship quality and loneliness (Q=19. 54,P<0. 001). Under dif-ferent cultural background of the subjects,the relationship between their friendship quality and loneliness was notsignificant difference (Q=0. 05 ,P>0. 05 ). Conclusion:It suggests that friendship quality has an influence on lone-liness. Measuring tools and subjects groups effect the relationship friendship quality and loneliness except cultural background.

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment of the inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion(SIADH) syndrome after cerebral injury. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 12 patients suffered from SIADH after cerebral injury. The clinical features were similar to common hyponatremia, no specific manifestation. Most of the hyponatremia were detected by routine examination. The first of all,sodium losing in these patients with hyponatremia was routine supplied according the amont of true salt losing.If natremia was not raised or still more descended 2～3 days after treatment, and amount of supplying salt was correspond to that of natriuresis, SIADH should be considered,using restricting water therapy,substituted for salt supplement.furosemide plus albumin were the first choice for dehydration therapy. Results 24～48h after restricting water and natrium, 12 patient's natremia level was back up in different degree. Except for 2 death whose natremia was not corrected completely, 8 patient's natremia was corrected completely in 1 week, 1 patient's in 14 days, and 1 in 3 months after injury. Conclusions Diagnosis of SIADH is very difficult before treatment, but effective treatment can be obtained if we adopt correcting strategy. In these patients, the diagnosis of SIADH was confirmed with the course of treatment,we call it as therapeutic diagnosis.

Objective Twenty- four case of non- traumatic paralysis of radial nerve were reviewed. Methods Between 1985 and 2000, 24 patients with non- traumatic paralysis of radial nerve were referred to this hospital for treatment. There were 18 men and 6 women with a mean age of 38 years (range, 10 to 65 years). Eleven patients had occupations with unduly stress of the forearm. Tendon transfer was performed in 1 patient, operative neurolysis in 18, nerve- grafting in 3, neurorrhaphy in 2. Results Of the 12 patients with the palsy attributed to entrapment of the fibrous edge of muscles, 8 occurred at the supinator, 1 at the tendinous edge of extensor digitorum communis and 3 at multiple sites.The palsy was caused by marked constrictions of the nerves in 5 patients, by benign tumors or tumorous conditions in 4 (by a ganglion in 2, by lipoma in 1 and by haemangioma in 1), by a neurilemmoma on the nerve in 1. The cause was unknown in 1. The patients who accepted neurolysis were followed up from 6 months to 15 years postoperatively. An excellent or good functional result was documented in 14 patients, fair in 3, and poor in 1. The patients who were treated with neurorrhaphy or nerve- grafting were followed- up from 4 months to 6 years, 3 recovered completely, 2 were in the convalescent stage (1 was treated by nerve- grafting and the other by neurorrhaphy). Conclusion The etiology of non- traumatic paralysis of radial nerve was miscellaneous. The results of surgical treatment were satisfactory.

Objective To study the diagnosis and treatment for the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in neurosurgery.Methods Retrospective analyze clinical situation, treatment, and process of final diagnosis in 6 SIADH cases.Result Diagnosis of SIADH and differential diagnosis with CSWS is very difficult.In clinic the experimental therapy of restricting water and natrium is a important method of differential diagnosis,but also a effective therapy.Conclusion Speciality of SIADH is (1)hyponatremia(Na +≤128 mmol/L),natriuresis(Na +≥80 mmol/24h),(2)ADH assay is no significant for SIADH and CSWS,(3)no hypervolemia and edema exhibition,(4)restrict water is effective in treatment.

Aim To investage the regulatory effect of alizarin on renal interlobar arterial smooth muscle cells. Method The effect of alizarin on BKCa channels was observed by whole-cell patch clamp recording tech-nique. Results Selective BKCa channel blocker ibTX inhibited alizarin-induced outward current(P<0. 05);single smooth muscle cells were incubated in extracel-lular fluid with no Ca2+ 30 minutes, selective L-Ca2+channel blocker nimodipine, selective calcium ion che-lating agent BAPTA-AM and ryanodine inhibited the a-lizarin-induced BKCa channels current, too ( P <0. 05 ) . Conclusion Alizarin relaxes renales interlobar arterial smooth muscle via activation of L-Ca2+ channel firstly, which lead to Ca2+ flowed into cytoplam, and rising of Ca2+ in cytoplam ryanodine receptor indirect-ly, and BKCa is activated at last.

Objective To investigate the image quality,radiation dose and iodine intake of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in patients using low tube voltage (100 kVp) combination of different noise indexes (NI) and low concentration contrast agent.Methods A total of 80 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) and other pulmonary diseases who had undergone CTPA were divided into four groups (A,B,C and D),with 20 patients in each group.Group A underwent 120 kVp CT scan protocol in combination with NI=25 and 370 mg iodine/ml contrast agent,while groups B,C and D underwent 100 kVp CT scan protocol in combination with NI=30,35,40,and 320 mg iodine/ml contrast agent,respectively.All images were restructured using 60％ adaptive statistical iterative algorithm 2.0.Objective image quality evaluation included CT values of pulmonary artery,noise values of pulmonary artery,signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR).Subjective image evaluation used a 5-point scoring method and was conducted by two independent radiologists.The CT dose index of volume (CTDIvol),dose-length product (DLP) and iodine intake was recorded,and the mean value was calculated.The DLP was converted to the effective dose (ED).Analysis of Variance or Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate the differences among the four groups in terms of image quality,radiation dose and iodine intake.Results There was a significant difference in CT values of pulmonary artery among the groups A,B,C and D (P＜0.05),and the CT values of pulmonary artery of group A was the lowest.There was no significant differences in noises of pulmonary artery,SNR,CNR and subjective indexes scores among the groups A,B,C and D (P＞0.05).There was a significant difference in iodine intake among the groups A,B,C and D,iodine intake of the group A was the highest,iodine intake of the group D was the lowest.The iodine intake of groups B,C and D decreased by 12.4％ (42/340),13.2％ (45/340) and 15.0％ (51/340) relative to group A,respectively.There was a significant difference in radiation dose among the groups A,B,C and D,The CTDIvol,DLP and ED of group D decreased by 45.3％ (3.9/8.6),48.6％ (120/247) and 48.3％ (2.02/4.18) relative to group A,respectively (P＜0.01).Conclusion Low tube voltage combination with high NI value and low concentration contrast agent can more effectively reduce the radiation dose and iodine intake for CTPA while maintaining diagnostic image quality.

Comparative medicine is a new crossing frontier branch subject based on laboratory animal science,and the content,aim and request of its research have been remarkably different from that of laboratory animal science.Acting as the methods,means and support conditions of advancment and development of medicine research,comparative medicine is an important platform ensuring the sustainable development of medicine,and is imperative for the medico to be educated with systemic comparative medicine.

Objective To investigate the effect of metformin used during early pregnancy on pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods Two hundred and fifteen pregnant women with PCOS history were selected into our investigation from March 2007 to February 2010,among which,58 patients were taken as metformin group as they had taken metformin during early pregnancy,or with impaired glucose tolerance complicated by marked hyperinsulinemia and history of recurrent miscarriage.All patients in the study group received metformin (1.0～1.5 g/d) during early pregnancy.The rest 157 gravidas with PCOS history did not receive metformin as control group.The outcomes of pregnancy in the two groups were compared with x2 or t test.Results The early spontaneous miscarriage rate of metformin group was significantly lower than that of control group (5.2 ％ vs 28.7 ％,x2 =13.476,P＜0.01).There was no statistical difference in the rate of late abortion (6.90％ vs 6.4 ％ ),hypertension during pregnancy (3.9％ vs 4.9％),preeclampsia (3.9％ vs 3.9％),preterm birth (13.7％ vs 20.6％) and oligohydramnios (5.9％ vs 3.0％) between control group and metformin group (P ＞ 0.05 respectively).And there was no significant difference in neonatal birth weights [(2925±530) g vs (2910± 659) g],the rate of asphyxia (3.7％ vs 6.8％),malformation (0.0％ vs 0.9％),hypoglycaemia ( 5.6％ vs 6.8％),fetal macrosomia ( 1.9％ vs 3.4％),fetal growth restriction (5.6％ vs 6.0％) and rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission (18.0％ vs 27.4％) between the two groups (P＞0.05,respectively).The infants were followed up for 3 years and all are physically and mentally normal.Conclusions Metformin administration during early pregnancy might reduce the early spontaneous miscarriage rate of PCOS patients,and the adverse effects of metformin have not been identified on fetals and infants.