It was argued whether bisphenol A(BPA) can induce reproductive toxicity to male,so in the present paper the recently published articles on the reproductive toxicity induced by BPA to male were reviewed.It was indicated that BPA has no obvious embryotoxicity,but BPA can directly induce the reproductive toxicity to male reproductive system,and the testis and prostate were the main target organs of BPA.Even low level BPA exposure could produce toxic effects.

This case report describes a male patient, 5 years old, with recurrent nose congestion and fetid discharge from the right nasal cavity. The suspected clinical diagnosis of a supernumerary nasal tooth was confirmed by computed tomography (CT). Laboratory examination showed normal. After endoscopic removal in general anesthesia, the tooth was examined by pathological examination. A literature search identified 22 supernumerary nasal teeth in 21 patients.
Child, Preschool ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Nose ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tooth, Supernumerary ; diagnosis ; surgery

Purpose To study on the antithrombotic effect of polysaccharide of Auricularia auriculajudae.Methods The method of hot water extraction for extracting polysaccharide from Auricularia auriculajudae was used. The antithrombotic effect was studied by animal experiments.The length and the weight of arterial thrombosis were determined. Characteristic thrombus formation time (CTFT), and thrombus formation time (TFT),the rate of platelet adhesion and the blood viscosity were determined also.Results As compared with the normal saline group,polysaccharide of Auricularia auriculajudae(ig) remarkedly prolonged CTFT and TFT.The length of thrombus was shortened. Thrombus wet weight, thrombus dry weight,and blood viscosity were decreased, yet had no significant influence on the rate of platelet adhesion.Conclusion Polysaccharides of Auricularia auriculajudae can significantly inhitit the formation of thrombus.

BACKGROUND: There are many methods for studying the somatotype of adults or children. Among them, Heath-Carter somatotype method is a comprehensive evaluation method. Using this method, 10 items of anthropometric indicators are selected and 3 factors which could be gotten to represent relative content of body fat, growth degree of skeletal muscle and relative height and thinness of body (relative line degree), are calculated, respectively.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the rules and characteristics of somatotype development in Dong students from Hunan province, so as to supplement the essential data for physical anthropology.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A cross-sectional investigation was performed at the Department of Biological Engineering, Huaihua College of Hunan Province in May 2006.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 989 Dong students (boys 492, girls 497), aged 7 to 17 years, were selected from the primary schools or middle schools of Tongdao Dong Nationality Autonomous Country in Hunan province and recruited into the present study. All the selected students were verified healthy by physical examinations at school. The subjects were divided into two groups by gender, and each group was divided into 11 subgroups according to the age.METHODS: By Heath-Carter somatotype method, 10 anthropological indexes were measured. Each indicator was measured twice and the average value was selected. The above-mentioned data were input into the computer to form a database. The following indicators were calculated in turn: 3 factors on somatotype, coordinate values of X and Y on somatotype chart, mean of dimensional distances from the average somatotype to all somatotypes in the sample, difference between the two somatotypes in three-dimensional space and frequency distribution of each somatotype.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Height, body mass, upper arm circumference, calf circumference, intracondylar diameters of humerus and femur, skinfold of brachial triceps, subscapular skinfold, skinfold of anterosuperior iliac spine, skinfold of gastrocnemius muscle.RESULTS: All 989 students were included in the final analysis. The dynamic range of the average value of endomorphic factor was 1.2-1.9 and 1.3-4.1, and that of mesomorphic factor was 4.2-5.1 and 1.9-3.0, and that of ectomorphic factor was 2.8-3.7 and 2.6-3.9 for the boys and the girls, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed that there was significant difference in the average value of mesomorphic factor by gender in each age (P＜0.05-0.01). The average endomorphic factor of the girls was obviously higher than that of the boys in each age (P＜0.01) except 7 to 11 years old. The average ectomorphic factor of the girls was higher than that of the boys before 13 years old and it was contrary after 13 years old. There was significant difference of average ectomorphic factor between beys and girls only in 9,11 and 15 to 17 years old (P＜0.05-0.01). The results of t-test showed that there was significant difference for the somatotypes by gender in each age (P＜0.05-0.01). The distribution of girl somatotype demonstrated a dynamic process from 7 to 17 years old, which demonstrated balanced mesomorphy-ectomorphy changed to balanced ecdomorphy, ectomorphy-ectomorphy, balanced endomorphy-ectomorphy and balanced endomorphy in turn. But distribution of boy somatotype was relatively stable, and average somatotype was mesomorphy. Cluster analysis revealed that there was obvious difference of congenital somatotype between Dong students and other 9 populations. During puberty, the somatotype feature of Dong boys was more close to that of Korean boys (SAD=0.37), but which was more far to that of Han boys in the city (SAD=2.15). The somatotype feature of Dong girls was more close to that of Zhuang girls (SAD=0.71), but which was more far to that of Korean girls (SAD=2.35) and Miao girls (SAD=2.10).CONCLUSION: The congenital somatotype of Dong students has its unique characteristics. There is obvious difference in somatotype characteristics between boys and girls.

Elements, including experimental personnel, facili-ties, equipment, apparatus, technology and skills, are essential to carrying out pre-clinical reproductive toxicity research. As to a study , authenticity , normativity , scientificity and innovativeness guarantee the success. These four elements are independent of each other,but mutually supported. Authenticity and scientificity are the footstone and soul, respectively, for drug non-clinical re-productive toxicity research. Normativity guarantees authenticity and scientificity, and innovativeness relies on authenticity. Nor-mativity and scientificity ensure the reliability and dynamics of experimental results which perhaps is an effective way accessing innovation.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of chylous leakage after pancreatioduodenectomy so as to find effective measures to prevent this complication.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 230 patients who underwent pancreatioduodenectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from Jun.2012 to Jun.2014.Patients with chylous leakage were identified and a 1 ∶ 2 patients in the study and the control groups were selected.The parameters for matching included tumor volume,vascular invasion,and extent of lymph node dissection.A logistic analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors of chylous leakage.Results 15 (6.5％) patients developed chylous leakage after pancreatioduodenectomy.The average hospital stay after surgery of the study group was 20.8 days,compared to 13.5 days in the control-group (P =0.004).In the study group,chylous leakage rate increased in patients with 14th and 16th group of lymph nodes dissection (80％ vs 36.7％,P =0.006).Logistic analysis showed that 14th and 16th lymph nodes dissection was an independent risk factor of chylous leakage after pancreatioduodenectomy (P ＜ 0.05,OR =6.909,95％ CI 1.593 ～ 29.958).Conclusions Chylous leakage prolonged hospitalization after pancreatioduodenectomy.Dissection of the 14th and 16th lymph node groups was an independent risk factor of chylous leakage after pancreatioduodenectomy.Careful ligation of the gastrocolic vein near the lymphatic trunk and dissection of 14th and 16th group of lymph nodes were effective interventions to reduce postoperative chylous leakage.

Objective To investigate the relationship between expressions of multidurg resistance associated factors and chemosensitivity of 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) in lymph node metastases(LNMs) of colon carcinoma.Methods The chemosensitivity to 5-FU was measured by MTT assay,and the expressions of P-gp,GST-?,p53,survivin,Bcl-2 and Bax were determined immunohistochemically in 48 paired primary tumor(PT) and LNMs of colon carcinoma.Results The inhibition rates of LNMs cells for 5-FU were higher than that of PT(P

Objective To investigate the application of selective hepatopetal blood occlusion techniques in anatomic hepatectomy.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 259 patients with hepatolithiasis or liver tumor undergoing anatomic hepatectomy under selective hepatopetal blood occlusion from January 2006 to December 2009.Results Totally,183 cases with hepatolithiasis and 76 cases with liver tumor underwent anatomic hepatectomy under selective hepatopetal blood occlusion.The average intra-operation blood loss was 210 mL(120-1 600 mL);post-operation incidence of complications and the rate of residual stones was 10.9% and 4.2%,respectively.Thre was no operative death in this series.The intrahepatic recurrence and metastasis rate of liver tumor was 23.6% and the median recurrence was 16.3 months.Conclusions The use of a appropriate selective hepatopetal blood occlusion during anatomic hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis and liver tumors is an effective measure to reduce surgical complications and improve outcome.

Objective To explore the feasibility of home-based fecal occult blood self-test (home FOBTself-test) in the community colorectal cancer (CRC) screening,thereby to improve the community's compliance with colorectal cancer screening.Method Community medical staff and residents in Dongcheng District was recruited by means of self-reported questionnaires about personal wishes for home FOBT self-test screening since August 2013 to January 2014.Finally,using x2 test and logistic regression analysis to analyze the results of the final questionnaire.Of the total of 6,147 copies of the questionnaire,5 943 copies were valid questionnaires (Community medical staff:resident=114:5 829).Results 88.6％ of community medical staff and 69.1％ of community residents expressed willingness to choose home self-test FOBT.Univariate analysis showed that wishes of community medical staff for FOBT screening were unrelated with gender (P=0.635),age (P=1.000),CRC high-risk or not (P=0.418),awareness of home self-test FOBT(P=0.693).The wishes of community residents for FOBT screening related with gender (P=0.012),age (P=0.000),CRC high-risk or not (P=0.000),awareness of home self-test FOBT (P=0.000).Colorectal cancer risk was the greatest impact on wishes for FOBT screening (OR 值 (95％ CI) =8.594 (7.279-10.148)).Conclusions Home FOBT self-test was simple,fast,easy to use and widely accepted in CRC screening of community residents,therefore it may improve the community's compliance with colorectal cancer screening.Screening for CRC is strongly recommended.

Objective To evaluate the early and mid-term efficacy of endoscopic vein harvesting(EVH) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) in patients over 70 years old.Methods Patients' data of CABG were analyzed retrospectively in General Hospital of Shenyang Military Region from June 2011 to January 2013.400 patients were enrolled in the study according to the inclusion criteria.All patients were divided into two groups by the method of harvesting great saphenous vein (GSV):EVH group (n =200) and open vein harvesting(OVH) group(n =200).Each group was divided into two subgroups:group A(age≥70 years old) and group B (age ＜ 70 years old).The number of the group A was 85 in the EVH group and 79 in the OVH group.The number of the group B was 115 in the EVH group and 121 in the OVH group.The intraoperative findings,the quality of GSV and postoperative pain were evaluated,patients were followed up regularly after discharge.Results The postoperative complications occurred in the EVH group such as numbness and edema of lower limb in group A reduced greatly compared with group B(P ＜ 0.05).However,in the OVH group,there were no great difference in group A and group B(P ＞ 0.05) besides the postoperative pain (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The early and mid-term efficacy of EVH undergoing CABG is satisfied,especially in the patients over 70 years old.