Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of glutathione(GSH)to reduce hepatic involvement of statin therapy patients with hepatitis B markers positive.Methods 164 cases with hepatitis B markers positive were selected and divided into the treatment group(82 cases)and control group(82 cases).In a statin therapy with primary disease,at the same time,the control group using based protect liver therapy(both inosine,vitamin C),the treatment group using reduced glutathione intravenous drip(1.2g,one/d).After 12 weeks,the liver function was examined.Results Patients taking statins ALT,TB and DB levels obviously higher than before,had a statistically significant difference(t=2.66,1.98,2.13,P＜0.05),the differences of observation index level in treatment group before and after treatment had no statistical difference(P＞0.05),12 patients(14.6％)ALT level in treatment group were more than normal,0 case more than normal limit 3 times,control group respectively for 23 cases(28.1％),3 cases(3.7％),two groups had statistically significant difference(x2=4.672,5.304,all P＜0.05).Conclusion GSH can obviously reduce hepatic involvement of statin therapy patients with hepatitis B markers positive.

Drug abuse and addiction are increasingly severe, which is both a serious social problem and an important medical research work. It is very significant to evaluate dependence potential of centrally acting drugs. Several lines of evidence have shown that there is a close relationship between drug sensitization and drug abuse and addiction. More attention has been directed to sensitization of abused drugs. We introduce the establishment of behavioral sensitization animal model, review neurobiological mechanisms underlying development and expression of behavioral sensitization, and further discuss the role of behavioral sensitization animal model in evaluation of drug dependence.

AIM: To investigate the effect of peripheral administration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced fever and hyperalgesia in rats and its relationship with interleukine-1β (IL-1β) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).METHODS: The core temperature (Tc), brown adipose tissue (BAT) temperature and activity were measured by telemetry in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats at an ambient temperature of 23 ℃ during a 12 h light/12 h dark photoperiod (lights on at 06:00 and lights off at 18:00).The rats were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (50 μg/kg), AVP (10 μg/kg) or V1a vasopressin receptor antagonist (V1a antagonist, 30 μg/kg) at 10:00 or 11:30.Hyperalgesia was assessed by measuring the latency to withdraw a hindpaw from radiant heat (Hargreaves test).The concentrations of IL-1β and PGE2 in the serum were tested by ELISA.RESULTS: Intraperitoneal administration of LPS induced periods of biphasic fever accompanied by hyperalgesia.AVP reversed LPS-induced fever, and decreased the hyperalgesia and BAT thermogenesis.Peripheral administration of V1a antagonist enhanced the fever produced by LPS, but did not affect the hyperalgesia.AVP significantly attenuated LPS-induced IL-1β and PGE2 production.CONCLUSION: Peripheral administration of AVP reverses LPS-induced fever and decreases hyperalgesia by reduction of BAT thermogenesis and inhibition of IL-1β and PGE2.Endogenous AVP attenuates the fever induced by LPS, but does not affect the nociceptive thresholds.

Objective To prepare titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles with good near-infrared light and study the loading and release of doxorubicin. Methods The Sm doped TiO2 nanoparticles (Sm-TiO2 ) were synthesized using a modified solvothermal reaction and then observed with transmission electron microscope. The fluorescence spectrum, doxorubicin loading capacity and release profile were also determined. Results The obtained Sm-TiO2 nanoparticles with the length from 100-200 nm were fusiform and well dispersed. The emission wavelength was 640-670 nm. The drug loading capacity in water was 11. 5% . DOX in vitro was pH sensitive to release. Conclusion Sm-TiO2 nanoparticles have good near-infrared light, high drug loading capacity and controllable drug release are obtained and should be studied further more as a novel carrier.

Objective To analyze the prevalence of diabetes and its impact on the quality of life (QOL) among Jingpo ethinic residents in Yunnan province.Methods Questionnaire survey and fasting blood glucose (FBG) testing were conducted among 1367 Jingpo residents aged ≥ 35 years selected with random sampling method in Mangshi municipality of Dehong prefecture in Yunnan province.The Medical Outcome Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used in the survey.Results The prevalence rate of diabetes among the Jingpo residents was 4.1％,and 4.2％ for males,4.0％ for females.Among Jingpo diabetic patients,mean scores for the domains of physical functioning (PF),role physical (RP),bodily pain (BP),general health (GH),vitality (VT),social function (SF),role emotional (RE),mental health (MH),physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were (84.64 ±16.81),(53.13 ±45.24),(71.70 ± 24.28),(49.46 ± 21.38),(65.09 ± 11.02),(90.08 ± 14.00),(79.17 ± 39.98),(70.29 ± 13.73),(57.12 ± 9.39) and (55.07 ± 6.58),respectively.The identified diabetic patients had significantly lower QOL scores for the doamins of PF,RP,BP and PCS than their counterparts,respectively (P＜0.05).The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that older Jingpo residents had lower scores in the domain of PCS and MCS (P＜0.01);men has lower scores in the domain of PCS and MCS than women (P＜0.01);the higher the level of education,the higher the scores of PCS and MCS (P＜0.01);married Jingpo residents had higher scores in domain of PCS than those of unmarried and divorced (P＜0.01);the diabetic patients had lower scores of PCS than their counterparts (P＜0.01).Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the health education for the elderly and people with low level of education,and improve the management of patients with diabetes,so as to effectively improve the QOL of Jingpo ethnic minority residents.

Objective To investigate neuroimaging and its correlation with clinical aspects of cerebral palsy (CP).Methods A retrospective study of 295 children with CP was conducted.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),the gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) and intelligence testing were administered,and any correlations among these measures was analysed.Results Among the 295 cases,257 presented abnormal MRIs (87.1％) due to brain maldevelopment (n =11),periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) (n =173),cortical/subcortical lesions (n =17),basal ganglia lesions (n =26),cerebellar maldevelopment (n =11) or others lesions (n =19).Thirty-nine presented with normal MRIs.About 26％ were rated at GMFCS level 1,18％ at level 2,17％ at level 3,19％ at level 4 and 20％ at level 5.Almost 82％ of the children presented with brain maldevelopment and 84.4％ with PVL-induced spastic bilateral paralysis.In 41％ of the children with cortical or subcortical lesions,induced spastic hemiplegia was observed,whereas 47％ had induced spastic bilateral paralysis.In 77％ of the children with basal ganglia lesions induced involuntary movement was observed,and all of those with maldevelopment of the cerebellum were ataxic.Most of those with spastic hemiplegic,bilateral paralysis,involuntary movement and ataxia were on GMFCS levels 1 or 2,with only 3.7％,33.5％,64.1％ and 46.2％ respectively on GMFCS level 4 or 5.Among those in whom the MRI revealed brain maldevelopment,9.1％ were on GMFCS level 1 or 2.The corresponding percentage for PVL was 43.9％,for cortical or subcortical lesions 58.8％,for basal ganglia lesions 19.2％ and for cerebellar maldevelopment 27.3％.The balance in each category were on GMFCS level 4 or 5.Epilepsy was most common in the children with brain maldevelopment (36.4％) or cortical or subcortical lesions (41.2％).Mental retardation was most common in cases of brain maldevelopment (45.5％),cortical or subcortical lesions (41.2％) or cerebellum maldevelopment (36.4％).The incidence of epilepsy and mental retardation was higher among the children on levels 4 and 5 than on levels 1 and 2.Conclusions Neuroimaging correlates significantly with the type of CP and GMFCS level.Epilepsy and mental retardation are most common in children with brain maldevelopment or lesions.The incidence of epilepsy and mental retardation is higher among children rated at GMFCS level 4 or 5 than among those on levels 1and 2.

Objective To determine the correlation between the risk factors of cerebral palsy and gestational age of live born infants. MethodsThe gestational age, the risk factors of cerebral palsy and clinical features of 478 children with cerebral palsy were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsFetal distress, threatened abortion, non-infectious diseases during pregnancy, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, neonatal convulsion, infection of newborn, intracranial hemorrhage and haemolysis did not correlated with the gestational age of children with cerebral palsy (P>0.05). Brain malformation, maternal infection, aspiration pneumonia, neonatal asphyxia and hyperbilirubinemia negatively correlated with the gestational age (P<0.05). The incidence of spasmo-diplegia was significantly different between preterm and term infant (P<0.05). ConclusionThe morbidity of cerebral palsy associated with the merging development malformation, maternal infection, aspiration pneumonia, neonatal asphyxia or hyperbilirubinemia increased as the gestational age declined. The spasmo-diplegia more happened in the preterm infants than in the term ones.

ObjectiveTo study the risk factor, semeiology and neuroimaging abnormalities of dyskinetic cerebral palsy.MethodsA hospital-based study, 136 children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy were examined neurologically and their perinatal history was reviewed. Their cranial CT or MRI findings were studied. The association between the gestational ages, CP types and the radiological appearances were analyzed.Results124 cases (91.18%) were found obviously risk factors, including asphyxia (34 cases), pathological hyperbilirubinemia (70 cases), both asphyxia and hyperbilirubinemia (11 cases) and others (8 cases). According to the clinical and neurological features, 60 (44.12%) were chorea-athetoid cerebral palsy, 26 (19.12%) were dystonic cerebral palsy, and 50 (36.76%) were athetoid-spastic cerebral palsy. Those with asphyxia were mainly athetoid-spastic whereas cases with pathological hyperbilirubinemia were mainly chorea-athetoid cerebral palsy. The abnormal rates of cranial MRI scans was 52.9%, and it was higher in the group of asphyxia than pathological hyperbilirubinemia, preterm than term. The main findings on MRI scans were as follows: periventricular leucomalacia(PVL) 28 (38.8%), diffuse bilateral atrophy 20 (27.8%), focal abnormalities in the basal ganglia1 and/or temporal lobe 18 (24.0%).ConclusionMRI abnormalities of the brain were correlated with semeiologic subtypes, risk factors, and the gestational age at birth.

Objective To investigate the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and the type of cerebral palsy (CP) and gestational age at birth.MethodsThe MRI and clinical data of 224 CP children with spastic type were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsAmong these children, 27 cases had spastic hemiplegia, 149 had spastic diplegia, and 48 had spastic tetraplegia. 201 cases (89.7%) had abnormal MRI result. The abnormal rate of MRI in spastic hemiplegia, diplegia and tetraplegia were 100%, 87.2% and 91.7%, respectively. Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) was observed mostly in children with spastic diplegia, other types of brain lesions were uncommon. In spastic tetraplegia the lesions were more varied. Three predominated types of MRI abnormalities were: PVL (45.8%), term-type brain injuries (20.8%) and congenital brain abnormalies (18.8%). Unilateral lesions were observed mostly in children with hemiplegia spastic diplegia born at term who showed unilateral motor disorder and upper extremity were heavier than lower extremity. Unilateral and bilateral PVL were observed in children with hemiplegia spastic diplegia born at preterm who showed lower extremity were heavier than upper extremity. Of 152 cases with PVL, 108 cases (71.1%) were preterm infants and 44 cases (28.9%) were term infants. Of 22 cases with term-type brain injuries, 20 cases (90.9%) were term infants. PVL was most observed in preterm brain injuries and was observed most in preterm children but was also in term children. Term-type brain injuries (border-zone infarct, basal ganglia-thalamic lesion, subcortical leukomalacia, and multicystic encephalomalacia) were observed most in term and rare in preterm children.ConclusionThe MRI findings in CP show a good correlation with type of CP and gestational age.

Objective To study the value of BCSG1 on evaluating the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NC) for breast cancer.Methods The expression of BCSG1 in cancer tissue was assayed by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in 36 cases of breast cancer patients before and after receiving NC of CEF(cyclophosphamide,epirubicin and fluorouracil) regimen.The therapeutic response of NC was evaluated by morphological and pathological observation.The relationship between expression of BCSG1 and morphological response to NC was analyzed.Results Among the studied cases,the diameter of tumor significantly decreased(P