Objective:To provide evidence instruction for breast-feeding,the investigation of positive rates with serum hepatitis B virus markers(HBVM) in infants of breast-feeding to HBVM positive mothers.Methods:The serum HBVM of pregnant women and their infants were determined by ELISA and HBV-DNA in positive serum and colostrum were determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The relation between HBVM in the infant serum and the feeding way was analysed.Results:In 67 parturients with serum HBVM antigen positive,the positive rates of HBV-DNA were 84%,26% and 27%,0% in serum and colostrum with HBeAg positive and HBeAg negative mothers;and there was a positive relationship between the serum and colostrum.The positive rates of HBeAg of mothers were 41% and 13% in the artificial feeding group and breast feeding group,there was significant difference between them( P 0.05).Conclusion:The breast-feeding were safe to HBVM positive mothers by active and passive immunization with pregnant women and their infants.

AIM:To introduce the anesthetic method selection during bone marrow collection for the donor of bone marrow transplantation, and analyze the anesthetic effects. METHODS:A computer-based online search of Chinese Technological Periodicals Database was undertaken to identify the Chinese articles about bone marrow transplantation and anesthesia dated from January 1994 to December 2006 with the Key words of "bone marrow transplantation, anesthesia" in Chinese. The data were firstly selected and the quotation after each article was looked over. The articles concerning to bone marrow transplantation and the selection, manipulation and effects of anesthetic method in bone marrow collection operation were chosen to the study, especially published in recent 5 years. Repeated articles and Meta analysis were excluded. RESULTS: Totally 52 articles were collected from the above-mentioned database, after the abstract or full text was read through and arranged, 19 were accorded with the inclusive criteria. Bone marrow transplantation is one of the most important measures to approach radical cure of blood system malignant tumor and some genetic diseases. How to collect the bone marrow from the donor safely, and protect them is the focus that has attracted much attention. The anaesthetic method selection and its effect could directly influence the life safety of donors. The methods include continuous epidural anaesthesia, general anaesthesia, and local anaesthesia. Among the 783 donors reported in 19 articles who underwent bone marrow collection, continuous epidural anaesthesia was accounted for 93.49%, local anaesthesia for 5.87%, and general anaesthesia for 0.64%. CONCLUSION: During bone marrow collection operation, continuous epidural anaesthesia is easy and simple, and has little interference to circulation and breath of donors. Therefore, it is superior to general anaesthesia and local anaesthesia to certain extent in clinic.

BACKGROUND: Sustained release of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) at stable speed is a prerequisite for osteogenic induction.Therefore, a suitable carrier for the sustained release of BMPs is required. However, there is no ideal carrier for BMPs as yet.OBJECTIVE: To explore the sustained release process of BMP-7 and osteogenic activity in the xenogeneic bone composite that is the compound of xenogeneic bone, recombinant human BMP-7 (rhBMP-7) and fibrin sealant (FS).METHODS: With the xenogeneic cattle spongy bone as a scaffold material, the solution containing rhBMP-7 was adsorbed onto the scaffold by means of vacuum negative pressure absorption, and fibrin sealant (FS) was sprayed onto the surface of the scaffold. The xenogeneic bone composite made up of these three materials acted as a sustained material. All scaffold materials were randomly divided into three groups: blank group (the scaffold material was xenogeneic bone with no rhBMP-7 and FS), control group (the scaffold material was xenogeneic bone with rhBMP-7)and experimental group (the scaffold material was the composite material of xenogeneic bone, rhBMP-7 and FS). All samples were immerged into phosphate buffer solution for 28 continuous days, and the release levels of rhBMP-7 from the samples were measured by high performance liquid chromatography at various set time. All the scaffold materials were co-cultured with passage 3 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Alkaline phosphatase activity,osteopontin and osteocalcin expression levels were detected at days1, 3, 7, and 14 after co-culture.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: rhBMP-7 was not detected in the blank control group, and the sustained release of rhBMP-7 in the experimental group was better than that in the control group. The alkaline phosphatase activity,osteopontin and osteocalcin levels were ranked as follows: blank control group < control group < experimental group, and there was a significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the xenogeneic bone/rhBMP-7/FS composite material as a good sustained-release carrier of BMP-7 shows strong osteogenic activity.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of compound glycyrrhizin combined with acyclovir in the treatment of children with infectious mononucleosis. METHODS:90 children with infectious mononucleosis were randomly divid-ed into control group and research group. Control group was given Acyclovir injection 10 mg/(kg·d)adding into 150 ml 5% Glu-cose solution by intravenous infusion,twice a day. Research group was additionally given Compound glycyrrhizin injection 2-4 ml/kg,adding into 150 ml 5% Glucose solution by intravenous infusion,twice a day. The treatment course for both group was 2 weeks. Clinical efficacy,hospitalization time,improvement time of clinical symptoms,T lymphocyte subsets(CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+)before and after treatment and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in research group was significantly higher than control group,hospitalization time and improvement time of clinical symptoms were significantly better than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment,CD3+ and CD8+were significantly lower than before,and research group was lower than control group,CD4+and CD4+/CD8+were significantly high-er than before,and research group was higher than before,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no sig-nificant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Compound glycyrrhizin combined with acyclovir has better efficacy than only acyclovir in the treatment of children with infectious mononucleosis,with similar safety.

The incidence rate of young women with breast cancer is increasing.Because of distinct biological characteristics of breast cancer in young patients,it is reasonable to identify who is the best one for breast-conserving surgery.Patients with systemic chemotherapy should be fully considered about fertility requirements.In addition,endocrine therapy combined with ovarian function inhibition can improve the effect,meanwhile,there should increase the proportion of patients with targeted therapy.

The insulin sensitivity in hypertensive patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and the insulin resistance (IR) under the disorder of glucose metabolism and hypertension were studied. By glucose tolerance test and insulin release test, insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and the ratio of area under glucose tolerance curve (AUCG) to area under insulin release curve (AUCI) were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that ISI was decreased to varying degrees in the patients with hypertension, the mildest in the group of NGT with hypertension, followed by the group of IGT without hypertension, the group of IGT with hypertension and DM (P = 0). There was very significant difference in the ratio of AUCG/AUCI between the hypertensive patients with NGT and controls (P = 0). It was concluded that a significant IR existed during the development of IGT both in hypertension and nonhypertension. The increase of total insulin secretion (AUCI) was associated with nonhypertension simultaneously. IR of the hypertensive patients even existed in NGT and was worsened with the deterioration of glucose metabolism disorder, but the AUCI in the HT group changed slightly. A relative deficiency of insulin secretion or dysfunction of beta-cell of islet existed in IGT and DM of the hypertensive patients.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Glucose Intolerance/complications ; Glucose Intolerance/metabolism ; Hyperinsulinism/etiology ; Hyperinsulinism/metabolism ; Hypertension/complications ; Hypertension/*metabolism ; *Insulin Resistance

Objective:To analyze the efficiency and influencing factors of Chinese medical and health resources. Methods:Based on the panel data of 31 mainland provinces from 2003 to 2011 in China, use the two-stage Malmquist-Tobit model to analyze. Results:The efficiency of Chinese medical and health resources shows an increasing trend, which is dual driven by improvement of technical efficiency and technological progress. The efficiency varies among different areas, and the descending order of efficiency value is east, west and center. The level of economic development, population density, the proportion of profitable hospitals, the levels of urbanization and education can promote Chinese medical and health efficiency with different extent. Conclusion:To improve the efficiency of Chinese medical and health resources, it needs to promote economic development level, allocating health resources reasonably, and advancing urbanization and education levels orderly.

Objective To study the effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) intervention on the expression of stem cell factor (SCF) in asthma. Methods Kunming mice were randomly divided into asthmatic group, BCG group and control group of ten mice each group. Mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish asthmatic model. After twenty-four hours of last challenge, eosinophils (EOS) were counted in the lung tissue and bronchoaveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The level of SCF in BALF was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of SCF protein in lung tis-sue was measured by immunohistochemistry technique and computerized image analysis system. Results The number of EOS in lung tissue was (10.67±1.94)/HP, (6.40±1.55)/HP and (0.37±0.33)/HP in asthmatic, BCG and control group respectively. The number of EOS in BALF was (7.58 ± 1.30) × 107/L, (3.78 ± 1.15) × 107/L and 0 in asthmatic, BCG and control group respectively. The difference between each group was statistically significant (P<0.01). The immunohistochemical index of SCF protein in lung was (24787.97±7214.12), (20509.50±4775.27) and (12261.66±3277.65) in asthmatic, BCG and control group respectively. The SCF level of BALF was (280.25 ± 14.20) pg/ml, (266.77 ± 31.15) pg/ml and (223.59 ± 15.61) pg/ml in asthmatic, BCG and control group respectively. The SCF level in BALF in asthmatic and BCG group was significantly different from that in control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference of SCF level in BALF between BCG and asthmatic group (P>0.05). In asth-matic group, the expression of SCF in lung was positively correlated with the number of EOS (P<0.05). Conclusions BCG treat-ment can markedly decrease the airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. BCG cannot inhibit the expression of SCF in asthma.

Anticancer drugs are not accessible to hypoxic regions in human solid tumors and which are not sensitive to radiotherapy,but they provide a haven for anaerobic bacteria.Anaerobic bacteria have the tendency of migrating to hypoxia areas of tumor.So they not only can be used as tumor-specific vectors for gene therapy but also be administered together with other anticancer treatments to enhance their antitumor efficacy.Bacterial oncolysis therapy which are based on anaerobic bacteria has great promise as anticancer therapy.

AIM: To investigate the effect of homocysteine (Hcy) on secretion and expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which is a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine, in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). METHODS: Rat VSMCs were stimulated with Hcy. Cell ELISA was performed to measure the expression of IL-6 protein and semiquantitative RT-PCR was used to dectect the IL-6 mRNA expression. RESULTS: Compared with control, treatment of 0.25 mmol Hcy for 6 h could increase IL-6 production. In addition, Hcy concentration-dependently increased the expression of IL-6 protein in these cells. 0 1 mmol/L, 0 25 mmol/L Hcy increased IL-6 production 1 4-fold and 3 4-fold, respectively Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that homocysteine also enhanced IL-6 mRNA expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: Homocysteine can induce IL-6 expression in VSMCs and elicit vascular inflammatory response, which may thereby influence the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.