OBJECTIVE To study the benefits of applying digital visible models for endoscopic nasal surgery.METHODS CT data sets of 16 patients were segmented to create digital visible models by using AutoCAD(computer aided design),MOI (Moment of Inspiration) and SketchUp software package.Standard digital available data sets for clinical tasks such as surgical simulation and surgical planning.The digital visible models and the intra-and postoperative corresponding visions were compared. RESULTS The 3D structure model of nasal cavity, sinuses and their adjacent structures for endoscopic nasal surgery were successfully reconstructed.The models allowed the user to interact with the data and manipulate them(in the view of X-ray,looking around inside the model).The model can be observed during operation,provided accurate morphological data for surgery guidance plan.CONCLUSION The method creating digital visible models using AutoCAD,MOI and SketchUp software package is simple and feasible.The digital visible models are suitable for clinical use as well as for education of endoscopic nasal surgery.The benefit of this technology was confirmed by clinicians.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the development of managerial psychology so as to solve culture, managerial system and peculiar problems at the transitional phase.DATA SOURCES: By using CNKI and PSYCINFO database, we searched literature on organization and managerial psychology in the past 20 years. We also collected the authors' research papers related to this area in the recent years.DATA SELECTION: We selected 24 research articles on organizational reforms, leadership behavior, motivation mechanism and organizational culture.DATA EXTRACTION: Seventeen out of the 24 articles were excluded because they overlapped with each other in content to some extent. Therefore,this article reviewed the other 7.DATA SYNTHESIS: On the basis of comprehensive analysis of development of managerial psychology at home and abroad, this article predicts the newly emerging hot issues and trend of research on managerial psychology, and further puts forward the short-term and long-term development goals of managerial psychology research.CONCLUSION: Paying attention to research on organization-level changes,accentuating on the systematic exploitation of human resources, continuously expanding research field and giving more concern for the national goals are the development trend of managerial psychology.

Objective To explore effect of vidarabine monophosphate combined with astragalus injection on serum cardiac troponin I ( cTnI), interleukin 1β(IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in children with hand-foot-and-mouth disease.Methods 60 cases with hand-foot-and-mouth disease from March 2013 to March 2015 in the hospital were selected and divided into two groups treated by different therapy, 30 cases in each group.The control group received conventional treatment + ribavirin injection, and experimental group received vidarabine monophosphate combined with astragalus injection on the basis of conventional treatment, one time per day.All patients were treated for a course of 7 days.The serum cTnI,IL-1β,IL-10 and TNF-αlevels were compared before and after treatment.Results After treatment, the serum cTnI, IL-1β, IL-10 and TNF-αlevels in two groups decreased than those of pre-treatment (P<0.05), the above indicators of experimental group were lower than those of control group (P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of vidarabine monophosphate and astragalus injection could significantly decrease serum cTnI, IL-1β, IL-10 and TNF-αlevels in children with hand-foot-and-mouth disease.

Southern blotting with a labeled and linearized pUC 19 DNA containing a specific fragment of 0. 24 kb DNA of Plasmodium vivax asexual blood stages (kindly offered by Dr. C. Kidson )was used for further identification of blood samples showing positive reaction by dot-blot hybridization. The results showed that those with positive reaction from patients with P. vivax, with P. falciparum or with fever but with negative microscopic findings were also positive by Southern blotting. It was confirmed that some of those positive with P. falciparum were likely to infect P. vivax at the same time. So did a part of those with fever but negative in the blood films (Figs. 1,2).

Objective:To discuss the screening results and clinical characteristics of children of Miao and Dong nationalities with mediterranean anemia in ethnic minority areas of Qiandongnan State of Guizhou Province,and to clarify the differences of the mediterranean anemia among different minorities.Methods:A total of 1 623 children of Miao and Dong nationalities with mediterranean anemia in minority areas of Qiandongnan State were selected by multistage stratified random sampling method;quantitative analysis of HbA2 and HbF was used to screen the selected children with mediterranean anemia initially;phenol chloroform extraction method was applied to extract the DNA from the children with mediterranean anemia;ASO/RDB-PCR reverse dot blot hybridization method was used to analyze the gene characteristics of the children with mediterranean anemia.Results:A total of 1 623 children of Miao and Dong nationalities were selected as the subjects.Among 938 children with Miao nationality,there were 18 children with positive α-mediterranean anemia and 36 children with positive β-mediterranean anemia,and the positive detection rate was 1.92%.Among 685 children with Tong nationality,there were 13 children with positive α-mediterranean anemia and 24 children with positive β-mediterranean anemia,and the positive detection rate was 3.50%.The detection rates of composite of α-and β-mediterranean anemia in the children of Miao nationality and Tong nationality were 1.49% and 4.61%.There was no significant difference in the detection rates of different kinds of mealiterranean anemia between two nationalities (P<0.05).The major gene mutations in α-mediterranean anemia were——SEA/-αα and-α3.7,and the major gene mutations in β-mediterranean anemia were CD17/N and CD14-15/N,while the major gene types of the composite of α-and β-mediterranean anemia were——SEA/β41-42 and——SEA/β17.There was no difference in the positive rates of major gene types of different kinds of mediter ranean anemia between two nationalities(P<0.05).Conclusion:There is no difference in the positive rate of children of Miao and Dong nationalities with mediterranean anemia in minority areas of Qiandongnan State.CD17/N,——SEA/-αα and ——SEA/β41-42 are the major gene types of α-,β-,and αβ-mediterranean anemia,respectively.

AIM : To investigate the effects of the new K ATP channel opener, iptakalim (Ipt), on the Parkinsonian symptoms induced by haloperidol in rats. METHODS : Using L -DOPA as the positive drug, the influences of Ipt on latency time, walking time, rearing and grooming of the parkinsonian-like rats induced by haloperidol were observed. RESULTS : Ipt ameliorated hypolocomotion and assuaged catalepsy induced by haloperidol in rats. Moreover, the effects of Ipt ( 0.5 mg?kg -1) were better than those of L -DOPA (100 mg?kg -1). CONCLUSION : Opening of K ATP channels may play a key role in improving Parkinsonian symptoms induced by haloperidol in rats.

Objective To evaluate the value of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE)in diagnosing congenital tricuspid valve anomaly.Methods Eighteen patients with congenital tricuspid valve anomaly were studied by RT-3DE,the spatial framework and neighboring structures of the tricuspid valve were analyzed and compared with result of the operation.Results The anomaly of tricuspid,chorda tendineae,the papillary muscle and their connection with neighboring structures could be displayed clearly from different directions.The diagnose accordance rate of RT-3DE was 83%.Conclusions RT-3DE may provide more information on congenital tricuspid valve anomaly than 2DE.

Objective To measure the sizes of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) by echocardiography,compare the results with those by X-ray angiography(XA),to analysis the correlation of measurements between echocardiography and XA,to explore the value of echocardiography on screening the size of PDA suitable for transcatheter occlusion.Methods One hundred and forty-one participants was included.The parameters of PDA including the length of PDA(PDAL),the aortic side diameter (PDADao) and the pulmonary side diameter of PDA(PDADpa) were measured from the parasternal great artery short-axis view (PSSA) and the suprasternal descending aorta long-axis view(SSLA) of echocardiography and left lateral projection of XA,and the other parameters such as the left ventriclular end-diastolic diameter index (LVEDDI),the main pulmonary artery diameter index(MPADI),the pressure drop of PDA shunt (△P) and the pulmonary artery systolic pressure index(PASPI) were measured by echocardiography.The sizes of PDA from PSSA,SSLA and XA were compared,and the correlations of the sizes of PDA between echocardiography and XA,the correlations between the other parameters by echocardiography and the PDADpa index(PDADIpa) by XA(PDADIpa-XA) and PSSA(PDADIpa-PSSA) were analyzed.Results ①The difference of the sizes of PDA:Between PSSA and SSLA had difference on mersurement of PDA(all P ＜ 0.05),except SSLA had no difference on measurement of PDADao with XA (P ＞0.05),others echocardiography parameters all had difference on measurement of PDA with XA (all P ＜ 0.05).②Correlation:Both PSSA and SSLA had positive correlations with XA (all P ＜0.01).And among these parameters,PDAL by SSLA,PDADao by SSLA and PDADpa by PSSA had better correlations with XA (r =0.92,0.87 and 0.91,respectively,all P ＜0.01).LVEDDI,MPADI and PASPI had positive correlations with PDADIpa (all P ＜0.01),the LVEDDI and MPADI had better correlations with PDADIpa-PSSA(r =0.76,0.72,all P ＜0.01),but the PASPI had a better correlation with PDADIpa-XA(r =0.70,P ＜0.01).PASP had a negative correlation with △P (r =-0.79,P ＜0.01).Conclusions There was difference between the sizes of PDA at different echocardiographic views,PDADpa by PSSA and the PDAL and the PDADao by the SSLA were more close to those parameters by XA.Multiplane views of echocardiography can evaluate all the more accurately the size of PDA and play an important role in guiding transcatheter occlusion of PDA.

BACKGROUND:Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a good scaffold material, and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) possesses a strong osteogenic ability, therefore, by which preparing a novel composite material wil be helpful for bone repair. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of the hol ow HA/rhBMP-2 microspheres on the osteogenesis and biomechanics of rabbit bone defects. METHODS:Forty-eight male healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (n=16 per group), including composite, single and control groups. Radical defect models were prepared, and the hol ow HA/rhBMP-2 and hol ow HA scaffolds were implanted into the composite and single groups, respectively. The control group received no treatment. At the 1st day of 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after implantation, the level of serum alkaline phosphatase was detected, and the bone healing was assessed through X-ray, three-dimensional CT, radionuclide bone scan and biomechanics testing, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The level of serum alkaline phosphatase, X-ray scale scores, osteogetic effect, region of interest volume, three-dimensional CT and biomechanical strength in the composite group were superior to those in the single group. In the meanwhile, the bone healing was unsatisfactory in the control group. Our findings indicate that the hol ow HA/rhBMP-2 artificial bone exhibits a good osteogenic ability and mechanical strength, contributing to bone healing.