China is a country with high incidence of esophageal cancer. Precision screening and early diagnosis of esophageal cancer is the premise and key of precise treatment, and also an effective measure to improve the prognosis of esophageal cancer; The mode of combining key screening of high risk groups with screening of opportunistic individual, endoscopy assisted with iodine staining and indicative biopsy is feasible strategy and effective method to screen early esophageal cancer in the stage. Artificial intelligence and molecular biology technology is the research direction and has the development prospect.

Infection is one of the most familiar complications in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Although vaccination is an effectual measure in prevention of secondary infections, it still faces many problems.On the one hand, children′s own immune status (immune system dysfunction, administration with immunosuppressants, etc.) lends additional uncertainties to whether the immune system can produce sufficient protective antibodies after vaccination.On the other hand, potential risks (recurrence of nephrotic syndrome and induction of vaccine related diseases) need to be comprehensively assessed at the time of vaccination.In this paper, the safety, effectiveness and timing of va-ccination in children with nephrotic syndrome in the post-COVID-19 period were summarized, and possible problems of vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) were discussed.

Metabolic bone disease(MBD) in preterm infant is a disorder of calcium and phosphorus metabolism that leads to a decrease in bone mineral content, resulting in clinical, biochemical, and imaging changes.It occurs mostly in very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight newborns.The clinical symptoms usually occur from 6 to 12 weeks after birth, mainly manifested as dyspnea accompanied by mechanical ventilation for a long time, rickety-like changes, and even fracture in severe cases.At present, diagnosis of MBD is characterized by biochemical markers, radiology and ultrasound.As the clinical manifestations of MBD in prematurity occur late, early screening and prevention for high-risk groups play an important role to reduce the risk of MBD.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity and its mRNA expression in rats cochlea after noise exposure. METHOD: Twenty-four healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups including 1 control group without contact of noise and 3 experimental groups exposed to a narrowband white noise of 4 kHz, 110 dB SPL 4h/d for 1 day, 1 week and 3 weeks, respectively. ABR thresholds were tested for each group at the time points described above. An immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CA in the cochlea tissue. Differences in CAII mRNA expressions with and without noise exposure were examined using RT-PCR. RESULT: The thresholds of ABR in noise exposed cochlea were increased compared with the control cochlea (P < 0.01). CA activity and the CAII mRNA expression in noise exposed cochlea were decreased compared with the control cochlea (P < 0.01). The increase of ABR thresholds and decreases of CA activity and the CAII mRNA expression showed a time dependent pattern as the extension of duration exposed to noise. CONCLUSION Noise exposure could downregulate the CA activity and CAII mRNA expression in the cochlea. CA was proably involved in the pathogenesis of noise-induced hearing loss.
Animals ; Carbonic Anhydrase II ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cochlea ; enzymology ; Female ; Male ; Noise ; adverse effects ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

ObjectiveLamiophlomis rotate is the rare perfumes Tibetan medicine.This article aimed to explore the current research of Lamiophlomis rotate on the base of literature.MethodsEstablish database of researching literature on Lamiophlomis rotate in domestic published between 2000 and 2010.Results Altogether 210 articles distributed in 112 kinds of journals were found.These articles involved with 8 areas of clinical research(113 article),pharmacological research(18 article),component analysis(35 article),preparation process (15 article),breed and cultivation of seeds (4 article),new drug testing (3 article),biological characteristics and drug economics.32 articles gained fimancial assistance from fund.Three articles on breed and cultivation of seeds gained financial assistance from fund,occupying 75.00％ of such research.Conclusion There were few articles published in core journals,besides relatively scattered distribution of researching institute and journals.Studies on breed and cultivation of seeds should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the effect of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy (PCNL) on patients with different body mass index.Methods The clinical data of 84 patients with kidney stones who were treated with PCNL surgical treatment were enrolled in this study,and they were divided into different groups according to body mass index (BMI),including 16 cases of BMI ＜ 18.5 kg/m2(low BMI group),36 cases of 18.5 kg/m2≤BMI ＜24.0 kg/m2 (normal BMI group),32 cases of BMI≥24.0 kg/m2 (high BMI group),and the curative effect was evaluated.Results Three groups' operation time,multichannel gravel rate,stones clearance,length of hospital stay,blood transfusion rate had no significant difference (P ＞0.05),the incidence of complications in low BMI group [31.25％ (5/16)] was obviously higher than that in normal BMI group [5.56％(2/36)] and high BMI group [9.38％(3/32)],there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion BMI of PCNL surgery influences on certain effect,low BMI will affect patients with surgery tolerance,cause complications increase,obesity wifl increase the difficulty of the operation.

Objective:To analyze the efficiency and influencing factors of Chinese medical and health resources. Methods:Based on the panel data of 31 mainland provinces from 2003 to 2011 in China, use the two-stage Malmquist-Tobit model to analyze. Results:The efficiency of Chinese medical and health resources shows an increasing trend, which is dual driven by improvement of technical efficiency and technological progress. The efficiency varies among different areas, and the descending order of efficiency value is east, west and center. The level of economic development, population density, the proportion of profitable hospitals, the levels of urbanization and education can promote Chinese medical and health efficiency with different extent. Conclusion:To improve the efficiency of Chinese medical and health resources, it needs to promote economic development level, allocating health resources reasonably, and advancing urbanization and education levels orderly.

Objective To investigate the changes of CRP in diagnosis of the acute exacerbation of COPD and its significance.Method CRP and WBC were measured both when the patients just before and after the treatment with effective antibiotics to compare their change.Results The positive rate of CRP is 85.40%.and the difference Was obvious(P＜0.01).At the same time,the CRP's difference between before and after the use of antibiotics was also obvious(P＜0.01).Conclusion CRP is a sensitive and specific index to the acute exacerbation of COPD,and is helpful to discover this acute disease early as well as a good guide to estimate the serious of pneumonia sand to respond the efficacy of antibiotics.

Objective To explore the improvement of minocycline on negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia and its influence on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.Methods Patients with schizophrenia were randomly assigned into two groups.One was olanzapine combined with placebo group (control group, 37 cases).The other was olanzapine combined with minocycline group (treatment group, 200 mg ·d-1,po,bid, 38 cases).Both groups were assessed by the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), the scale for the assessment of negative symptoms (SANS), and also tested the level of TNF-α before and after 12 weeks treatments.Results After 12 weeks treatments, the scores of SANS and PANSS in treatment group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05).The level of TNF-α in treatment group[(6.5±1.3) pg ·mL-1]was significantly lower than that of control group[(7.6±1.8) pg ·mL-1] (P<0.01).Conclusion Minocycline can improve negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, and the mechanism may be related to lower the level of TNF-α.

Glioma is the most common type among the malignant brain tumors ,and it accounts for almost half of central nervous system tumors .In addition,one of characters of glioma is easy to relapse .The key to pro-long the patients′survival time is how to choose appropriate treatments after surgical resection .With the develop-ment of medical technology ,precise approaches to treat these tumors are applied ,including radioactive particle im-plantation in brachytherapy and gene therapy .In this paper ,we discuss the status of the two therapies respective-ly,analyzing their superiority and inferiority ,and explore the prospects for the development of combined therapy in order to improve the prognosis of glioma better .