The plasmids of recombinant suicide vector containing the truncated stn gene and the deleted stn gene were constructed. The Salmonella stn-deficient mutant was prepared by homologous recombination between the mutant stn gene in the recombinant suicide vector and the wild-type gene in the chromosome of S. Typhimurium 2000. The detection of biological activity of stn gene production in those mutants indicated that Salmonella stn-deficient mutants evoked significantly less fluid secretion in mouse intestinal loops compared to that seen with wild-type Salmonella. Upon oral challenge of mice, the fifty percent lethal dose of the Salmonella stn-deficient mutants was greater than that for the wild-type bacteria. Those studies showed that the stn gene is very important factor in the pathogenesis of salmonellosis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum hepatitis B virus markers (HBV-M ) and HBV-DNA . Methods Enhanced chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (ECLIA ) and real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain re-action(FQ-PCR) were employed to detect HBV-M and HBV-DNA in 262 serum samples ,respectively .HBV surface antigen(HB-sAg) ,anti-HBV surface antibody(HBsAb) ,HBV e antigen(HBeAg) ,anti-HBV e antibody(HBeAb) ,anti-HBV core antibody(HB-cAb) were included in HBV-M .Results Compared the positive rates of HBV-DNA ,HBsAg ,HBeAb in HBeAg-negative patients with those in HBeAg-positive patients ,the differences were statistically significant (P< 0 .01) .29(36 .7% ) patients with HBV-DNA logarithm value not less than 5 were found in HBeAg-negative patients .Differences of HBeAg ,HBeAb positive rates among patients with different ages were statistically significant (P<0 .01) .25 patients with HBsAg less than 250 IU/mL were found in HBV-DNA-positive patients ,12(48 .0% ) of which showed HBV-DNA logarithm value not less than 5 .HBV-DNA logarithm value of HBV-DNA-positive patients was positively correlated to HBeAg and HBeAb (r= 0 .542 ,0 .607 ,P< 0 .01) .Conclusion Com-bined detection of HBV-M and HBV-DNA contributes to estimating the HBV infection .

Objective To analyze clinical effects of microendoscopic discectomy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation with or without lumbar spinal stenosis.Methods A total of 216 patients were included in the study.The patient was maintained in the prone position on an arch-like bed.Under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance,a thin pin was inserted down to the facet of the target level.A longitudinal incision was made approximately 1.7 cm at the level of the disease to introduce a series of dilators,over which a working channel was then established.Once extraneous soft tissues were removed,a curette was used to puncture the ligamentum flavum.And the local ligamentum flavum and part of inferior border of the adjacent lamina were removed with a gun-shaped rongeur.The disc space was incised and a discectomy was performed.The lateral recess was cleared of any bone stenosis.Results conversions to open traditional discectomy were conducted in 2 patients because of bleeding.The 216 patients were followed for 3 months ~ 4 years with an average of 2.5 years.According to the Nakai criteria,excellent outcomes were achieved in 210 patients,good in 2 patients,fair in 1,and poor in 3,the rate of excellent or good outcomes being 98.1%(212/216).Of the 3 patients with poor outcomes,2 patients were given a re-operation of traditional surgery 3 months after the microendoscopic discectomy and 1 patient had a missed diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis.Conclusions Microendoscopic discectomy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation gives little influence to spinal stability and satisfactory clinical effects.

Objective To explore the effect of emodin on the apoptisis and intracellular Ca2+ concentration of Hepatic Stellate Cell-T6.Methods The immortalized rat hepatic stellate cell line HSC-T6 was commonly allocated into normal control group and treated groups with different concentrations emodin(the extreme concentration are 10?mol/ml, 20?mol/ml, 40?mol/ml respectively). The cell apoptosis rate were analyzed by flow cytometry, and intracellular Ca2+ concentration of HSC-T6 were detected by Furo-3/Am fluorescence assay and confocal laser microscopy.Results After intervention of different concentration emodin,the apoptosis rate of HSC-T6 is 4.0?0.5%, 4.3?0.6%, 6.9?1.1% respectively,and there are statistical significance compared with the control group(P

Objective:To uncover the molecules and signal transduction underlying apoptosis in lymphocytes in old rats.Methods:The rats were grouped into three of old rats control,young rats control,EF-treated group,and studied the gene expression in genome-wide scale with genechip.Results:Compared to young rats control,pro-apoptotic genes were up-regulated and anti-apoptotic genes were down-regulated in old rats.And pro-proliferation genes were down-regulated,the anti-proliferation genes were regulated reversely.Furthermore,a number of genes involved in signal transduction in immune activation and immune response showed lower expression level.But in EF-treated group,pro-apoptotic genes such as Caspase1、Caspase2、Caspase3、Caspase6、CalpainⅡ、Cathepsin S、Dnase ?、PKCdelta,and anti-proliferation genes including Rb were predominantly down-regulated.Anti-apoptotic genes such as Cathepsin B、Mtal、NF-kappa B、Notch,and pro-proliferation genes including c-Fos、c-Myc、c-Jun、PCNA、A-raf;CyclinG-associated kinase were regulated reversely.Especially many genes mediating apoptosis signal including CD2、CD3、CD5、TCR、IL-2、IL-2R(CD25)、CD28、CTLA4 were up-regulated.Conclusion:By a novel mean including up-regulation of anti-apoptotic and down-regulation of pro-apoptotic gene expression,up-regulation of pro-proliration and down-regulation of anti-proliferation gene expression,the normal lymphocyte function in old rats was reconstructed.Additionally EF can coordinate TCR/CD3、CD28、CTLA4、TGF?、IL-2R-mediated signal to reach its anti-apoptotic effects on lyphocytes in old rats. [

The plasmids of recombinant suicide vector containing the truncated stn gene and the deleted stn gene were constructed. The Salmonella stn-deficient mutant was prepared by homologous recombination between the mutant stn gene in the recombinant suicide vector and the wild-type gene in the chromosome of S. Typhimurium 2000. The detection of biological activity of stn gene production in those mutants indicated that Salmonella stn-deficient mutants evoked significantly less fluid secretion in mouse intestinal loops compared to that seen with wild-type Salmonella. Upon oral challenge of mice, the fifty percent lethal dose of the Salmonella stn-deficient mutants was greater than that for the wild-type bacteria. Those studies showed that the stn gene is very important factor in the pathogenesis of salmonellosis.

The implementation of two-child policy has great significance.It can rationalize the population structure,diversify the family model,easethe pension problem significantly,and rationalize parent-child relationships.At the same time,there exist ethical problems in some aspects of society,such as the attribution of female reproductive fights,the anxiety the only child suffered from the second child,the continuing imbalance of gender,the occupational predicament of female reproduction,the effects on women health and family economy.Therefore,the country and society should respect and maintain women's reproductive rights,guarantee women's occupational stability,pay attention to the education of family ethics,promote the traditional values of respecting the old and cherishing the young,and develop the social old-age security system,thus to ensure the effective implementation of the two-child policy and build a harmonious family and society.

Myocardial hypertrophy is an independent risk factor for cardiac events. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), including extracellular signal-regulated kinases, C-jun N-terminal kinases and P38-MAPK, are the common intracellular pathway of transducing hypertrophic signs. All three MAPK subfamilies play an important role in development of myocardial hypertrophy.

Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)and antimicrobial use in a maternal and child health hospital,so as to provide reference for preventing and controlling HAI.Methods A cross-sec-tional survey on HAI prevalence of all hospitalized patients from 2010 to 2014 was conducted by combination of bedside ex-amination and medical record review.Results The prevalence rates of HAI in 2010—2014 was 3.29%,5.20%,3.97%, 3.93% and 3.73% respectively.HAI mainly occurred in patients at department of pediatrics (9.09%-12.96%),the major infection site was upper respiratory tract (50.00%-69.56%).Antimicrobial usage rate was 50.19%,41.40%, 23.40%,25.47% and 23.92% respectively,which decreased year by year (χ2 = 133.40,P <0.001 );antimicrobial prophylactic usage rate was as high as 57.38%-75.47%;single usage rate were all>95%.Conclusion Antimicrobial a-gents used by hospitalized patients showed a overall downward trend from 2010 to 2014.,but antimicrobial prophylactic us-age rate is high,management of antimicrobial agents should be strengthened.