Objective To explore the correlation of ultrasonographic,pathologic,and clinical findings of breast fibroadenomas.Methods 157 cases of breast fibroadenomas demonstrated by pathologic findings were examined with color Doppler ultrasound prior to biopsy.Images were classified according to ultrasound characteristics and analysed with latter pathologic findings.Results Ultrasound images of 157 cases could be divided into 6 types:uniformity( n =82),linage( n =37),bicolor( n =15),nodule-in-nodule (n =3),cyst-massity mixed ( n =9),calcify( n =11).5 cases were mistakenly judged to breast cancer on ultrasound images(1 ease in the linage,1 case in the cyst-mass mixed,3 cases in the calcify).Accurate ratio of ultrasound diagnosis was 96.82％.Pathologic finding:①Uniformity type,hyperplasia of both the gland and fibrous tissue of tumor in order.② Linage type,hyperplasia fibrous tissue in belt.③ Bicolor type,significant difference in the proportion and arrangement of the hyperplasia gland and fibrous tissue.④Nodule-in-nodule type,extensive hemorrhagic infarction in tumor.⑤Cyst-massity mixed type,hydatoncus,metaplasia in great sweat gland,hyperplasia conduit epithelial,conduit cystic-expansion.⑥ Calcify type,fibroadenomas on growth of static or regression transformation,and calcify of interstitial tissue.Conclusions Ultrasonic diagnosis and its simple typing is an accurate,simple and effective way for the diagnosis of breast fibroadenoma,which may improve the accuracy of diagnosis rate for breast fibroadenoma.It is helpful for choosing the surgical remedies.

Objective To explore the relationship of molecular biology characteristic and the treatment outcome,and influence factors of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC).Methods The clinicopathological data of 103 IBC patients who were treated with NAC from January 2005 to June 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of estrogen receptor (ER),progesteron receptor (PR),human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) and E-cadherin.The treatment outcome were evaluated.Results In 103 IBC patients,ER negative was 48 patients,PR negative was 51 patients,HER-2 positive was 45 patients,E-cadherin positive was 66 patients.The effective rate of chemotherapy was 72.8％ (75/103).The effective rate of chemotherapy in taxane-based group was significantly higher than that in anthracycline-based group [80.6％ (50/62) vs.61.0％(25/41)],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The effective rate of chemotherapy in ER,PR,E-cadherin negative patients was significantly higher than that in ER,PR,E-cadherin positive patients [83.3％ (40/48) vs.63.6％ (35/55),82.4％ (42/51) vs.63.5％ (33/52),83.8％ (31/37) vs.66.7％ (44/66)],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The effective rate of chemotherapy in taxane-based group with E-cadherin positive patients was significantly higher than that in anthracycline-based group with E-cadherin positive patients [77.5％ (31/40) vs.50.0％ (13/26)] (P ＜0.05).No correlation existed between the expression of HER-2 and the treatment outcome of chemotherapy (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion ER,PR and E-cadherin negative patients with IBC is chemosensitive to NAC.The positive expression of E-cadherin may be an important factor of chemotherapy resistance.For the patients with E-cadherin positive,taxane-based chemotherapy regimen can achieve a better effective rate.

OBJECTIVETo develop a portable field anesthesia machine system suitable for the medical first-aid on the spot.

METHODSThe three-dimensional structure of PFAM was designed with modeling software of Pro/E and manufactured according to the GB9706.29 and other national standards.

RESULTDue to its small footprint and very light weight, PFAM is completely portable and convenient on different occasions within or outside a hospital environment. It can support breathing of patients and delivery anesthetic gas, fitted for both adult and children patients. All of the safety alarm systems required are employed on board.

CONCLUSIONPFAM may play an important role in the first-aid in the field or outside the hospital.

Anesthesiology ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Military Medicine ; instrumentation ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Software

Objective To evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) by investigating the expression of cyclin D1 in human breast cancer before and after NAC.Methods Eighty-four cases of breast cancer were diagnosed by core biopsies.The expression level of cyclin D1 in cancer tissues was measured by immunohistochemical envision two-step method before and after NAC (pirarubicin and docetaxel regimen for 3-4 cycles).Results Complete remission (CR) occurred in 4 cases of 84 patients (4.76 ％) with 2 pathological complete response cases,partial response (PR) in 54 cases (64.29 ％),stability (SD) in 26 cases (30.95 ％) and no disease progression (PD) patients.The positive rate of cyclin D1 in cancer tissues [65.48 ％ (55/84)] was significantly decreased after NAC [39.29 ％ (33/84)] (x2 =11.55,P =0.001).In clinical level,the ease rate was significantly improved in patients whose cyclin D1 expression switched from positive [86.36 ％ (19/22)] to negative [45.45 ％ (15/33)] after NAC treatment (x2 =9.359,P =0.002).Conclusion NAC significantly decreases the expression of cyclin D1 in breast cancer tissues.Meanwhile,the ease rate is improved when cyclin D1 expression switched from positive to negative after NAC.Therefore,cyclin D1 expression can be used as an evaluation index for the efficiency of NAC.

Because of the unsatisfactory treatment options for breast cancer (BC), there is a need to develop novel therapeutic approaches for this malignancy. One such strategy is chemotherapy using non-toxic dietary substances and botanical products. Studies have shown that Panduratin A (PA) possesses many health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities. In the present study, we provide evidence that PA treatment of MCF-7 BC cells resulted in a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth with an IC50 of 15 µM and no to little effect on normal human MCF-10A breast cells. To define the mechanism of these anti-proliferative effects of PA, we determined its effect critical molecular events known to regulate the cell cycle and apoptotic machinery. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V-FITC staining provided evidence for the induction of apoptosis. PA treatment of BC cells resulted in increased activity/expression of mitochondrial cytochrome C, caspases 7, 8 and 9 with a significant increase in the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, suggesting the involvement of a mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry showed that PA treatment of cells resulted in G0/G1 arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoblot analysis data revealed that, in MCF-7 cell lines, PA treatment resulted in the dose-dependent (i) induction of p21WAF1/Cip1 and p27Kip1, (ii) downregulation of Cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and (iii) decrease in cyclin D1. These findings suggest that PA may be an effective therapeutic agent against BC.
Apoptosis* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Caspases ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints* ; Cell Cycle* ; Cell Proliferation* ; Cyclin D1 ; Cyclins ; Cytochromes c ; Down-Regulation ; Drug Therapy ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Insurance Benefits ; MCF-7 Cells ; Phosphotransferases

Objective:To determine whether postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) improves the survival outcomes of cervical cancer patients with pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph node metastasis after radical surgery.Methods:Clinical data of 188 cervical cancer patients presenting with pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph node metastasis after radical surgery between February 2008 and November 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph node metastasis was confirmed by postoperative pathology. The clinical efficacy of CCRT was evaluated.Results:Recurrence/metastasis occurred in 46 patients. In the radiotherapy alone group, 4(57.1%) patients had recurrence/metastasis in the posterior peritoneum subgroup, 5(55.6%) in the iliac subgroup and 11(28.2%) in the pelvic non-iliac subgroup, respectively. In the CCRT group, there were 5(62.5%) cases of recurrence/metastasis in the posterior peritoneum subgroup, 5(25%) in the iliac subgroup and 16(15.2%) in the pelvic non-iliac subgroup, respectively. Compared with the radiotherapy alone, CCRT could significantly improve the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of patients with pelvic without iliac lymph node metastasis or iliac lymph node metastasis (pelvic without iliac: 88.6% vs.76.9%, P=0.003; iliac: 80.0% vs.44.4%, P=0.041), whereas failed to improve the 5-year OS of patients with para-aortic lymph node metastasis (50.0% vs.42.9%, P=0.973). The location of lymph node metastasis and CCRT were the independent prognostic factors for OS (para-aortic vs. pelvic without iliac: hazard ratio[HR]=4.259, 95% CI=1.700-10.671, P=0.002; iliac vs. pelvic without iliac: HR=2.985, 95% CI=1.290-6.907, P=0.011; concurrent chemotherapy vs. radiotherapy alone: HR=0.439, 95% CI=0.218-0.885, P=0.021). Conclusions:CCRT can improve the survival of patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis, but it fails to enhance the survival rate of patients with para-aortic lymph node metastasis.

Objective: To compare the curative effect of postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and radiation therapy (RT) alone on early-stage cervical cancer patients with intermediate-risk factors. Methods: Clinical data of patients with early stage (ⅠB-ⅡA) cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between January 2008 and December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients with more than two intermediate-risk factors, including lymphatic vascular infiltration, depth of cervical stromal infiltration >1/2 cm or tumor size >4 cm, were screened. Among them, 80 patients were divided into the RT group, 137 patients were divided into the CCRT group. The survivals of these patients were analyzed. Results: At the end of the follow-up period, a total of 22 patients were dead, one patient was alive with neoplasm. There were 23 patients who occurred recurrence/ metastasis, 14 of them were in the RT group and 9 were in the CCRT group. The 5-year progression free survival (PFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of the entire cohort were 89.9% and 89.8%, respectively. The 5-year PFS rate of RT group was 82.4%, the 5-year PFS rate of CCRT group was 94.1%, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.013). The 5-year OS rate of RT group was 85.1%, the 5-year OS rate of CCRT group was 92.7%, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.049). Univariate analysis showed that therapeutic modality was associated with the 5-year DFS and OS of early-stage cervical cancer patients with intermediate-risk factors (P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that therapeutic modality was an independent prognostic factor of favorable PFS (RR=3.741, 95% CI: 1.506-9.289, P=0.004) and OS (RR=2.754, 95%CI=1.143-6.637, P=0.024). Neither of the two groups occurred severe anemia. However, the incidence of mild and moderate anemia in the CCRT group was higher than that of RT group (P<0.001). The incidence of leukocytopenia severer than grade Ⅲ in the CCRT group was significantly higher than that of RT group (P<0.001). However, the patients could recover quickly with the treatment of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Conclusion Postoperative CCRT improves the survival of early stage cervical cancer patients with two or more intermediate-risk factors.