Objective To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of extra-peritoneal larparoscopic radical prostatectomy (eLRP) in the treatment of patients with high-risk prostate cancer (HRPC).Methods From February 2009 to December 2013,121 patients,who were diagnosed as HRPC according to the D'Amico definition,were received eLRP.The mean age was 70 years old (range 54 ～ 82 years old).The mean PSA level was 25.45 (range 2.40 ～ 111.31) μg/L and mean Gleason score was 8 (range 6 ～ 10).The classification of clinic stage in this study included 52 cases in cT1-cT2b,58 cases in cT2c,8 cases in cT3a,and 3 cases incT3b,respectively.The perioperative data were collected,including operative time,blood loss,intraoperative complications,urine leakage,lymph leakage,incontinent ability,erectile function and changing of PSA level.Results All the operations were successfully performed.The mean operative time was 165 minutes (range 105 ～341min),the average blood loss was 150 ml(range 50 ～ 1500ml).The intraoperative complications included hemorrhage in 4 cases and intra-operative obturator nerve injury in 3 cases.The mean duration of intestinal function recovery was 35h (range 24 ～72h) The mean interval of catheter indwelling was 9 days (range 7 ～14 days).The anastomotic leakage was found in 12 cases,including 1 day after surgery in 5 cases,2 days after surgery in 3 cases,3 days after surgery in 2 cases,4 day after surgery in 1 case and 5 day after surgery in 1 case.The anastomotic stricture in 3 cases within 2 to 4 months after operation,which the symptom improved after urethral dilation in 2 cases and urethrotomy in 1 case.Deep vein thrombosis was noticed in 1 case 5 days after the procedure.And lymphatic fistula was recorded in 1 case after the operation.Positive surgical margin,seminal vesicle invasion,and positive iliac vessel lymph node were found in 18,21,and 9 patients,respectively.The mean hospitalization duration was 10 days (range 5 ～ 22 d).Of the 107 patients followed-up,Ninety-six patients were continent in 1 year,except other 11 patients.Nerve sparing procedure was performed in 51 patients,and thirty-three of them were potent.The mean PSA level was 0.14 μg/L (range 0 ～8.75 μg/L) six weeks after the surgey.Fourty-eight patients had biochemical recurrence with 5 ～36 months followed-up,mean 18 months.Conclusions Extraperitoneal LRP is an efficacious approach for patients with high-risk prostate cancer.

Objective To study the effects of acetylcholine combined with vincristine (VCR) on A549 cells, furthermore to study the influence that is due to affecting the expression of the two proteins bcl-2 and p53. Methods MTT assay was used to analyze growth inhibition effect of acetylcholine alone and combined with IC50VCR on A549 cells.The expression of bcl-2 and p53 was measured by immunohistological chemistry technique(IHC) and Western blot.Results The inhibition rates for A549 cells with 0.1,1 and 10 μmol/L acetylcholine were (0.050±0.032)％,(0.101±0.021)％,(0.169±0.015)％.The inhibition rates for tumor cells with 0.1,1 and 10 μmol/L acetylcholine joint 0.2 μg/ml VCR were (0.529±0.023)％,(0.545±0.011)％,(0.589±0.015)％,the difference was statistically significant compared with the VCR group (q'values were 1.09,1.37,1.83,P＜0.05).Acetylcholine alone exerted inhibitory effect on A549 cells in a concentration dependent manner and significanrtly enhanced its sensitivity to VCR (P＜0.05).acetylcholibne (0.1-10 μmol/L)combined with IC50VCR decrased the expression of bcl-2 and p53 (P＜0.05).Conclusion Acetylcholine alone and combined with VCR can inhibit the growth of A549 cells. Significant synergistic effect between acetylcholine and VCR is found in inducing cell apoptosis by changing the expression of bcl-2 and p53.

Objective To establish a rat model of glioma for MRI study.Methods Fischer 344 rats were inoculated with F98 glioma cells in caudate nucleus by stereotaxic procedure.MRI scanning and pathology examination were performed to observe the tumor growth on 6,8,10,12,and 14 d, respectively,after inoculation and their survival was also analyzed.Results After inoculation,tumors were found in all rats by MRI as early as 6 days.Most of rats died on 14 d after inoculation.The volume of tumor increased as the inoculation time lengthened.The tumor volume measured by MRI was larger than actual size by autopsy,but the both correlated positively(r=0.91,P

Objective To compare the contents in polysaccharide of aloe in gel of aloe with preparation in different processing methods on fresh aloe of outer cuticle and investigate their stability. It could provide technology of preparation of polysaccharide of aloe.Methods The aloe gel had been prepared through the fresh juicing method, and alcohol sinking was applied to abstract polysaccharides of aloe in proportion of sixty, seventy, eighty and ninety percent. The colorimetric method of anthracenone - thick sulfuric acid had been taken to determine contents of polysaccharide in different proportions by alcohol sinking. The contents of polysaccharide were compared among different processing methods in fresh aloe of outer cuticle, and then the stability on condition of different temperatures, pH and the reagent of reductant-oxidant with polysaccharides of aloe were investigated. Results The content abstracted from polysaccharide of aloe was the higher when the proportion was eighty percent and its character of powder was better. And content abstracted from polysaccharide of aloe with the outer cuticle was higher than that out of the outer cuticle. The powders from the polysaccharide of aloe with the outer cuticle were gray-green, gray-brown or gray-white. The powders from polysaccharide of aloe without the outer cuticle were partial-white, more well-distributed and delicate. The stability in polysaccharide of aloe was better with the condition of low temperature, reducing agent and the solution with pH from five to seven, while the stability was lower when in high temperature, oxidizing agent and the solution with strong acid and strong alkali. Conclusions The proportion of eighty percent with alcohol sinking, decorticating the outer cuticle of fresh aloe has the higher content and the better character in the polysaccharide of aloe.

To investigate the etiological and pathological characteristics of adolescent lumbocrural pain, the findings of X ray, CT and MRI and biopsy in 67 cases of adolescent (14～28 years old) and 97 of the adult and the aged were compared. The results showed that the incidence of back epiphysis loop fracture of lumbosacral vertebrae was 40.74% (12/27) and 22.50% (9/40) in the teenage (14～18) and the youth (19～28) respectively, and 3.85% (2/52) and 4.44% (2/47) in the adult(28～60) and the aged (over 60) respectively, showing that the differences were significant between the adolescent and the adult(P 0.05 ). It is indicated that back epiphysis loop fracture of lumbosacral vertebrae is the specific pathological feature of adolescent lumbocrural pain. Therefore, it should be regarded as an important cause of adolescent lumbocrural pain.

Purpose To investigate the feasibility to diagnose and evaluate the vulnerability of the atherosclerotic plaque through contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Materials and Methods Thirty-four patients with carotid atherosclerosis were enrolled in the study to take contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and were observed on whether the plaque was enhanced and the features of its enhancement. The peak intensity (PI), time to peak (TTP), and density echo (DE) were calculated according to the time-intensity curve with QLAB software. Results The ratio of enhanced malacoplakia and the mixed plaque showed no difference (χ2=0.847, P>0.05). The percentages of enhanced plaque distributed on the base, tail and the shoulder were 70.0%, 23.3% and 6.7%, respectively with significant difference (χ2=29.100, P<0.001); the distribution ratio of enhanced plaque from high to low were as follows: the plaque on the shoulder > the plaque on the base> the plaque on the tail. It was positively correlated between enhanced plaque and its distribution (r=0.404, P<0.01). The TTP of the ROI between the malacoplakias and the mixed plaques showed no difference (t=0.479, P>0.05). The PI and DE of the ROI in the malacoplakia and the mixed plaques were analyzed by the time-intensity curve and the differences proved to be statistically significant (t=7.497 and 12.224, P<0.05). Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography could present the neovessels in the atherosclerotic plaque, which is helpful in evaluating the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque.

Objective To investigate curative effects of hypothermia on the secondary axotomy of nondisruptive axonal injury (NDAI) after diffuse brain injury (DBI).Methods A total of 16 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into hypothermia group (at 32℃ for 6 hours) and control group (at 37.5℃ ).The axonal swelling and axonal balls were detected by means of NF68kD immunochemistry after DBI caused by fluid percussion.The changes of maximal density of axonal swelling and axonal balls in callosum,diencephalon-mesencephalon,pons-oblongata and cerebellum were compared 24 and 72 hours after injury between both groups.Results NF68kD immunochemistry well showed axonal swellings and axonal balls in whole brain.The axonal swelling and axonal balls were significantly decreased 24 hours after DBI in both groups (P<0.05),especially in diencephalon-mesencephalon ,pons-oblongata and cerebellum (P<0.01).While there showed significant decrease of axonal swellings and axonal balls in pons-oblongata and cerebellum in hypothermia group 72 hours after DBI (P<0.05,P<0.01) but insignificant changes in the callosum and the diencephalon-mesencephalon compared with control group (P>0.05 ).Conclusions Hypothermia can retard the progress of mild or severe NDAI at early stage,which would taper with the longer time after injury except for partial mild NDAI.Hypothermia may prevent mild NDAI from secondary axotomy.

Objective To investigate the changes of Th1/Th2 cytokines and its relationship with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in pretreatment of relieving nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).Methods The 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group, liver injury group and LPS pretreatment group. The rats were given normal diet in normal control group,high-sucrose and high-fat diet both in liver injury group and in LPS pretreatment group, and the rats in LPS pretreatment group were given hypodermic injection of LPS 0. 5 mg/kg every other day. The level of plasma endotoxin (ET), activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were determined. At the end of week 9, the rats were executed, and the liver tissue slices were prepared to investigate hepatic pathologic change by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining.Results The level of plasma ET was significantly higher in liver injury group than in normal control group. The level of plasma ALT and infiltrating lymphocytes in liver tissue were significantly lower in LPS pretreatment group than in liver injury group. The level of plasma TNF-α was significantly lower in LPS pretreatment group compared with liver injury group.In contrast, the level of plasma IL-10 was higher (P＜0. 05). Histology with HE staining showed that hepatocyte steatosis was obviously relieved with smaller lipid droplet in LPS pretreatment group than in liver injury group. Conclusions LPS pretreatment can alleviate high-sucrose and high-fat induced NASH. The disequilibrium of Th1/Th2 cytokines may be an important part of mechanism.

AIM: To investigate two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the apolipoprotein(a) promoter at positions -418 and -384 and to compare distributing difference of genotype frequencies of single nucleotide among different races and to explore the influencies of them on serum lipid level and their association with coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: Using PCR-RFLP (BsgI,BfaI) method, we determined genotypes of these two SNPs in 156 unrelated healthy controls of HanZu Chinese and 56 unrelated CHD patients of HanZu Chinese and 56 unrelated African Blacks, then cloned polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products into T-vector and sequenced it by M13 currency primer, correspondingly. RESULTS: (1) There was no polymorphism at position -418A/A and -384C/C in control group. Only one CHD patient′s genotype determined was -418G/G, other were -418A/A and (-384C/C) in CHD patients. (2) Only two African Blacks′ genotype determined was -418G/G, other were -418A/A and (-384C/C) in African Blacks. (3) However, the Apo(a) promoter sequence was in coincident with the sequence publicized in GenBank and the base at positions -418 was adenine (A) and -384 was cytosine (C). CONCLUSION: The mutation frequencies at position -418 and -384 are low in the Chinese Han Population of Hubei and perhaps no single nucleotide polymorphisms is at two positions. No association with serum lipid levels and CHD is observed. There may be great variabilities to the SNPs in the Apo(a) promoter among different races.

The analysis of essential oil in seeds ofDeseurainia sophia provided an experimental basis for further research on essential oil activity test at the first time. Essential oil was extracted by steam distillation method. Analysis and identification were made by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology in combination with retention indices. A total of 33 components in seeds ofD. sophia were detected by GC-MS and 28 compounds were identified by MS in combination with Kovats retention index. The compounds with high contents were as follows: 3-methylene-nonane (68.14%), 1,3-diazine (29.32%), 2-n-butylacrolein (0.58%), methyl nipecotate (0.43%), 4-oxo-butanenitrile (0.31%), 8-chloro-neoisol-ongifolene (0.25%) and so on. It was concluded that 28 volatile components were identified by GC-MS combined with retention indices. The total detected components were 99.91%. This method was able to improve the accuracy of qualitative detection results.