By investigating the perspectives of medical scholars, experts, personnel and students, this paper makes an investigation on the present cognition of medical ethics education in the medical department. By studying and comparing the respective opinions of medical teachers and students on the current medical ethics education, analysis on the application of medical ethics in clinical practice and medical research, and cognitive characteristics of the ethical expectation on medical treatment from the general public have been carried out, pointing out some specific problems affecting the actual effect in current medical and ethics education on teachers' and students' sides, and bringing forward some suggestions.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare phloroglucinol for injection,establish its quality control and determine its stability.METHODS:The type and dosage of the adjuvant in the formula were optimized and the phloroglucinol for injection was prepared,with its content determined by HPLC.Meanwhile its stability was tested.RESULTS:Mannitol 100.0g was determined as the adjuvant in the formula.The linear range of phloroglucinol was 0.13～ 1.04mg.mL-1(r=1.000 0).No obvious changes were observed at 6 month of an accelerated test or 12 month of long-term storage test.CONCLUSIONS:The preparation is reasonable and feasible in techniques,controllable and stable in quality;and the established method is recurrent,specific and the determination results are within defined margin.

Some cultural practices of a new hybrid yuanhu were reported. The planting deusity of thc new variety wast using small seed tubers (2.8g/Per tuber ), 50~75 tubers/m2 for reprodu ction purpose, 100 tubers/m2 for high yield. 75 tubers/m2 was a suitable density when large or middle seed tubers was used. High reproduction coefficient and yield were obtained when the planting depth was 10cm. It was necessary to irrigate the hybrid yuanhu in North China.Adopting the negative pressure valuc of soil tumidometer as the guide of beginning to irrig ate and to obtain high reproduction cocfficient and to save water, 26.7kPa would be adopted as the initial point of irrigation, excecding 40.0 kPa led to a serious reduction of yield. The difference of yield between rubber tuber irrigaticn and drip irrigation treatment was not obvious, when planting with covering straw in level bed.

Abstract: Molecular genetic map is a fundamental organizational tool for genomic research. However, a genetic linkage map for Bupleurum chinense DC. has not been developed. In this study, with the theory of pseudo-testcross, 96 F1 plants from an intraspecific cross of B. chinense were used as mapping populations. Twenty eight ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) primers and 44 SSR (simple sequence repeat) primers were used to detect the polymorphisms between the parental plants, and of them, 28 ISSRs and 14 SSRs were selected to analyze the F1 populations. The map consisted of 13 linkage groups which included 80 (72 ISSRs and 8 SSRs) loci, and covered 2 633.9 cM with an average density of 33.4 cM. All 13 linkage groups consisted of 2-31 loci ranging in length from 15.4-1295.7 cM. This map will provide a basis for studies on gene mapping, map-based cloning and maker-assisted selection of important traits in B. chinense.

Objective: To establish a method for determination of methone and pulegone in Herba Schizonepetae. Methods: The contents of menthone and pulegone were determined by GC (equipped with FID) with HP-5 fused capillary column (5% phenyl methyl siloxane 30m?0.32mm?0.25?m) after the samples were extracted by the solvents. Results: The linear ranges were 0.002-5.0g/L (r=0.9999) for menthone and 0.002-5.0g/L (r=0.9996) for pulegone, the recoveries of menthone and pulygone were 96.30%-103.9% and 95.7%-102.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The method was simple and accurate, which could be applied to the determination of menthone and pulegone in Herba Schizonepetae.

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) is the first rate-limiting enzyme for sesquiterpene synthesis in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. The specific primers were designed according to the transcript sequence of AsHMGR2 from the Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg transcriptome database. The full-length cDNA of AsHMGR2 was cloned by RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology, and was analyzed at bioinformatics levels; AsHMGR2 expression profiles in different tissues and in responds to different treatments were analyzed by real-time PCR. The length of AsHMGR2 Open Reading Frame (ORF) was 1 749 bp, encoding 582 amino acids. The GenBank accession number is KC140287. Tissue expression analysis indicated that AsHMGR2 was mainly expressed in root and shoot tips, followed by stem, and was lowest in leaves. Inducible-experiments showed that the genes were induced by mechanical wound as well as chemical liquid induction, and reached the highest expression level at 6 h and 8 h, separately. The full-length cDNA of AsHMGR2 and its expression patterns will provide a foundation for further research on its function in agarwood sesquiterpene biosynthesis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of Hath1 on epithelial ridge (GER) cells from postnatal rat cochlear. METHODS An experimental method was developed which allowed the isolation and culture of GER cells from P1 rat cochleae using a combinatorial approach of enzymatic digestion and mechanical separation. The dissociated GER cells were cultured in DMEM+10% FBS. The GER explants infected with ad-Hath1 for 3 hours were cultured for 10 days and observed under scanning electron microscope. RESULTS The GER cell cultures tended to attach to the substratum and grow in patches which assume a polygonal morphology similar to that of epithelial cells in medium containing 10% serum. Stereociliary bundle-like structures were observed in the boundary of GER cell patches forced to express Hath1. CONCLUSION That GER cells which are likely hair cell progenitors could be cultured in vitro and generate stereociliary bundle-like structure when forced to express Hath1 suggests that the misexpression of Hath1 probably can induce the predifferentiation of pure hair cell progenitors into hair cells in vitro.

C.citratus has been usedin many countries with a long history.Traditionally,it is applied as a food seasoning in cooking.It is also used in tea beverage and folk medicine as well.Modern application of C.citratus is focused on the development of citronella oil,which can be used for food additives,disinfectants,cosmetics,drugs and etc.C.citratus is also a potential plant in landscaping.Its special lemony flavor contains chemical constituents,mainly including citral,myrcene,linalool,geraniol,nerol,citronellol,and etc.The modern research showed that C.citratus had the main effects of anti-microbial,anti-inflammation,analgesia,anti-oxidation,anti-tumor,anti-anxiety,anti-hypertension,antihyperglycemia,and etc.With further studies,some new pharmacological properties of C.citrates are going to be discovered gradually.It is worthy of further research and development to meet the needs of the health industry.

Objective To study changes of humoral immunity of the premature infants in different pathological conditions and detect the reason of the deficiency of humoral immunity in premature infants .Methods Two hundred and forty-six prematur were enrolled and 30 healthy neonates were selected as control group .The percentages of IgG ,IgA ,IgM and comp lement C3 ,C4 were detected by full automatic biochemical analyzer .Results The results showed that IgG ,IgM ,IgA ,C3 and C4 in the premature in-fants were lower than those in the normal term infants and there was a highly significant difference with the decrease of fetal age . IgG ,IgM ,IgA ,C3 and C4 of the group of the premature infants ranging from 32 to 36 weeks had reduced in different degree ,rela-tive to the groups of BW <2 000 g ,hypertension during pregnancy ,cesarean section(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The results showed that function of humoral immunity in the premature infants was depressed and low gestational age ,low birth weight ,cesarean sec-tion and hypertension during pregnancy may be the leading cause of the deficiency of humoral immunity .