Objective To find out the differences on the knowledge,attitude and behavior related to Hepatitis B transmission between Hepatitis B patients and control group( healthy people) and to analyzing the risk factors of Hepatitis B transmission. Method Adopted case-control study, 50 people who were Hepatitis B patients and 100 people as control group were selected to conduct retrospective investigation. Results Skin wound, disqualified medical treatment,unhealthy habits and manners are high risk factors to Hepatitis B transmission.The knowledge,attitude and behavior of Hepatitis B are very important to prevent Hepatitis B transmission. Conclusion There was a misunderstanding on the knowledge about Hepatitis B transmission among Hepatitis B patients. They thought daily contact was the key way of HBV transmission. They underestimated the blood transmission and sexual transmission.We need to conduct more propaganda on the knowledge of Hepatitis B prevention to change peoples' unhealthy habits and behavior.

Objective To investigate the expression of suppressor gene Runt-related transcription factor 3(Runx3)in gastric carcinoma and its relationship with clinicopathologic parameters.Methods RT-PCR and Western blot were used to determine the mRNA expression and protein expression of Runx3 gene in primary tumor and corresponding normal tissues respectively in 52 patients with gastric carcinoma.The relationship between Runx3 expression and clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed.Results RT-PCR and Western blot analysis in 52 patients with gastric carcinoma showed down-regulation of Runx3 mRNA and Runx3 protein in 59.6%(31/52)and 48.1%(25/52)of the primary tumors tested,and in none of the normal tissues(P

Objective To assess the effectiveness of balloon dilation and airway stenting performed under fluoroscopic guidance for the treatment of benign and malignant tracheal stenosis. Methods Under fluoroscopic guidance,balloon dilation and airway stenting were performed in 45 patients with tracheobronchial stricture. Of the 45 patients, malignant tracheal stenosis was seen in 37, including mediastinal nodal metastases (n = 14), esophageal carcinoma (n=13), lung carcinoma (n = 4), adenocarcinoma of bronchus (n = 3), lymphoma (n = 2) and laryngocarcinoma (n = 1), and benign tracheal stenosis was seen in 8, including endobronchial tuberculosis (n = 6), retrosternal thyroid adenoma (n = 1) and endotracheal intubation (n = 1). Airway stenting with serf-expandable metal stent was employed in 38 patients and balloon dilation in 7 patients. All the procedures were performed under fluoroscopic guidance. Results A total of 53 self-expandable metal stents was implanted in 38 patients. The clinical symptoms were immediately relived after the procedure in all patients except for one patient who died from choking of sputum. No stent migration was observed. Restenosis developed in 4 patients, which was successfully treated with repeated stenting and balloon dilation. Nineteen times of balloon dilation procedure were accomplished in 7 patients. Marked remission of clinical symptoms was seen in most cases. During a follow-up period (ranged from 0 to 124 months with a mean of 24.5 months) 31 patients died. Conclusion For both benign and malignant tracheal stenosis, balloon dilation with airway stenting performed under fluoroscopic guidance is a safe and efficient therapy with instant curative effect in relieving clinical symptoms.

Objective To optimize ultrasonic-assisted extraction Epimedin C and Icariin from Epimedii Wushanensis Herba by response surface methodology. Methods On the basis of single factor tests, Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology were adopted to optimize extraction conditions with the concentration of ethanol, ultrasonic time and solid-liquid ratio as factors. HPLC was used to determine the content of Epimedin C and Icariin from Epimedii Wushanensis Herba. Results Optimal ultrasound-assisted extraction technology was as following: the concentration of ethanol was 73%; the ultrasonic time was 22 min; the ratio of liquid to material was 1:32. The contents of Epimedin C and Icariin from Epimedii Wushanensis Herba were 15.90% and 0.75%, respectively. Conclusion This extraction technology can improve the extraction efficiency of Epimedin C and Icariin from Epimedii Wushanensis Herba, which is in accordance with predicted value.

Objective To compare the biomechanical stabilities of 2 fixations for oblique split fractures of tibial plateau. Methods Oblique split fractures of the medial tibial plateau were simulated by osteotomy in 6 pairs of fresh tibia of adult swine. One fracture of each pair was fixed with 3 lag screws parallel to the articular surface whereas the contralateral site was stabilized with 3 lag screws vertical to the fracture line. The maximum anti. Compression load, the maximum power consumption at the maximum load.the load and power consumption at the 2 mm subsidence of articular surface were measured and recorded. Results There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in the maximum anti-compression load. The maximum power consumption at the maximum load, the load and power consumption at the 2 mm subsidence of articular surface. Conclusion Vertical fixation may not provide a biomechanical advanrage over the parallel fixation in stabilizing oblique split fractures of tibia plateau.

Objective To investigate the difference between single lumen endotracheal intubation of thoracoscope and traditional double lumen endotracheal intubation of thoracoscope in process of thymectomy. Methods From January 2010 to June 2014, clinical data of 30 cases with thymectomy under single lumen endotracheal intubation of thoracoscope (group A) and 30 cases with thymectomy under traditional double lumen endotracheal intubation thora-coscope (group B) were analyzed. Results There were no death patients in both groups. Group A:endotracheal intu-bation time (2.67 ± 0.72) min, surgery time (48.37 ± 4.64) min, the bleeding (26.17 ± 9.62) ml; Group B:endotracheal intubation time (5.55 ± 0.71) min, surgery time (52.10 ± 5.68) min, the bleeding (33.00 ± 7.94) ml. Conclusion Compared with traditional double lumen endotracheal intubation under thoracoscope, the single lumen endotracheal intubation of thoracoscope showed that intubation time was significantly shorter, and reduced the oc-currence of postoperative complications, the operative field was exposed more completely, reduced operation time and blood loss.

Objective To evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of fixations parallel to the tibial plateau and vertical to the fracture line in the early management of fractures of tibial plateau in rabbits. Methods Models of oblique split fractures of the medial tibial plateau were created in 30 New Zealand rabbits of 13 months. One tibial plateau was fixed with 3 lag screws (2.0 mm) parallel to the articular surface while the eontralateral plateau was stabilized with 3 lag screws (2.0 mm) vertical to the fracture line. The specimens were harvested at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after operation respectively and tested in a biome-ehanical testing machine. The maximum load of anti-compression at the medial tibial plateau and the maximum work at the maximum load, as well as the load and work as the articular surface displaced downwards for 2mm, were recorded. Results The biomechanical comparison of the 2 methods at the same time points showed that there were no significant differences at 0, 1 and 8 weeks but significant differences at 2 and 4 weeks. The biomechanical comparison of the same method at different time points showed that the biomechanical measures decreased at the early period after operation, then increased and finally kept steady at 4 or 8 weeks. Con-elusions The stability of tibial plateau fractures in rabbits decreases at the early post-operation and gradually increases to the normal level. It takes less time for the fixation parallel to the tibial plateau to increase the biomeehanical stability to the normal level than the fixation vertical to the fracture line. The parallel fixation can provide more biomechanical advantage in stabilization of the fractures than the vertical one.

Objective To develop self-locking cannulated compression anti-rotation blade and investigate its design characteristic and manipulation techniques. Methods Femoral neck fracture model was made by osteotomy on seven cadaver femurs and then fixed by self-locking cannulated compres-sion anti-rotation blade under fluoroscopic guidance according to designed procedures. After fixation, bio-mechanic test was performed to evaluate fixation stability. Results Cannulated self-locking compres-sion anti-rotation blade was tightly impacted in proximal femur and compression detected during the process of locking, with successful manipulation and stable fixation. Conclusion Because of advanced design characteristic and simple manipulation, self-locking cannulated compression anti-rotation blade can be a substitute for cannulated cancellous lag screw in treatment of femoral neck fractures.

Objective To analyse the change of DNA methylation with 5-Azac injection in acute graft-versus-host dis- ease (aGVHD) mouse model, which received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, and explore the immunomodulatory ef-fects of 5-Azac. Methods Male C57BL/6 (H-2b)and female BALB/c (H-2d) mice were selected as donor and recipient of complete allotransplantation. BABL/c mice were divided into two groups, transplantation control group and 5-Azac experi-mental group. At 1-7, 14, 21 and 28-day after transplantion, 5-Azac 0.25 mg/kg (0.3 mL/time) was injected by tail vein in experimental group, while the control group were injected with sterile water 0.3 mL/time. Peripheral blood DNA samples were collected from three control mice and three experimental mice, then mixed with equal amount respectively. The MeDIP-seq method was selected to detect methylation changes in mice, and the differential DNA methylation in the biological path-ways was analyzed. Results The survival time was prolonged, and the rejection reaction was decreased in 5-Azac experi-mental group, which suggested immune hyporesponsiveness post aGVHD. The MeDIP-seq result showed that 369 different DNA methylation located in the promoter regions, including 239 up-regulated genes and 130 down-regulated genes. There were 184 differential DNA methylation genes located in the exon regions, including 113 up-regulated genes and 71 down-regulated genes. Differential DNA methylation genes involved in 10 immunological signaling pathways, respectively. Among them, TGF-β, GSK-3β, SYK, PI3K, NFAT, CD28 andα4β7 were closely related to the development of aGVHD. Conclu-sion 5-Azac can effectively induce immune hyporesponsiveness post aGVHD by changing the gene methylation status.

Objective To analyze the varus deformity of caput humeri and its correlation with fuuctional outcome of unstable proximal humeral fracture managed with locking plate.Methods The study involved 62 patients (24 males and 38 females,at age range of 32-83 years,mean 63.7 years)with proximal humeral fracture who were treated by open reduction and locking plate internal fixation from May 2008 to June 2010 and had full follow-up data.According to Neer classification,there were 11 patients with two parts fractures,41 with three parts fractures,five with four parts fractures and five with dislocation.Their clinical results were evaluated with Constant-Murley scores.ResultsThe mean duration of follow-up was 20.3 months (range,14-37 months),which showed fracture healing in all the patients.There were 11 patients with varus deformity of the caput humeri. The significant difference was found in Constant-Murley score of shoulder function ( P =0.045 ),forward elevation ( P =0.006 ) and abduction (P =0.022) between the varus and non-varus groups.But there was no significant difference in shoulder external rotation( P =0.08 ).The fracture types ( P =0.037 ) and varus deformity of caput humeri ( P =0.006) were closely correlated with the shoulder function between two groups.ConclusionsThe varus deformity of caput humeri mav be predictive factor for poor outcome of the unstable proximal humeral fracture. Restoration of humeral head-shaft alignment and sound reduction should be done as possible during operation.